• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.102-108
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• 2019

This study aims to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of Coptidis Rhizoma (CR) extract for atopic dermatitis through maintaining skin barrier and regulating Th2 cell differentiation. We divided NC/Nga mice into 3 groups as follows; atopy-like dermatitis induced group with CR treatment (CT, n=10), no treatment group(Ctrl), atopy-like dermatitis elicited group(AE). Atopy-like dermatitis was induced to NC/Nga mice by sensitizing with dermatophagoides farinae(DfE) on 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, and 13th week. After inducing atopic dermatitis, CR extract was administered 20 mg/kg daily for the experimental duration to the CT group. We measured the integrity of lipid layers in the epidermis and Th2 differentiation through immunohistochemical staining against filaggrin, loricrin, IL-4, and IL-13. We also measured the distribution of subcutaneous collagen fibers by the Masson's trichrome staining. Administration of CR significantly inhibited the reduction of lipid layers in the skin that caused atopy. The expression of IL-4, IL-13, each of which is a cytokine secreted by T helper type 2 (Th2) cells, was markedly suppressed in the CT group as compared with AE group (p<0.05). CR treatment also decreased the expression of iNOS, $p-I{\kappa}B$. Atopic dermatitis induced dermatological damage to skin, such as hyperplasia of epithelium, and capillary proliferation was significantly reduced by CR administration. CR effectively inhibited the thinning of the skin barrier and inflammatory responses in atopic dermatitis-induced mice. In particular, it showed anti-inflammatory effects by reducing the expression of IL-4 and IL-13, Th2 cell cytokines, which play a crucial role in development of atopic dermatitis. Therefore, CR can be a good candidate to ameliorate and treat atopic dermatitis.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.36-42
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• 2019

Purpose: We investigated whether a renal size discrepancy on a renal sonogram (US) in children with febrile urinary tract infection (UTI) was correlated with the presence of cortical defects on their dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) renal scan. Methods: We examined 911 children who were admitted consecutively to our hospital with their first episode of febrile UTI from March 2001 to September 2014. All enrolled children underwent a US and DMSA scan during admission. According to the US findings, including the renal size discrepancy, data were compared between children with positive and negative DMSA scan results. A positive DMSA scan result was defined as reduced or absent tracer localization and indistinct margins that did not deform the renal contour. Results: Mean renal lengths of the right and left kidneys were larger in children with positive DMSA scan results than in children with negative DMSA scan results ($63.2{\pm}11.3mm$ vs. $58.4{\pm}7.8mm$, P<0.001; $64.9{\pm}11.2mm$ vs. $59.9{\pm}7.9mm$, P<0.001; respectively). A significant difference was observed in both renal lengths between children with positive and negative DMSA scan results ($4.6{\pm}3.8mm$ vs. $3.3{\pm}2.6mm$, P<0.001). A multiple logistic regression analysis, revealed that a small kidney, cortical thinning, and a renal length discrepancy on US findings were significant factors for predicting the presence of cortical defects on an acute DMSA scan [P=0.028, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.054-2.547; P= 0.004, 95% CI 1.354- 4.810; P<0.001, 95% CI 1.077-1.190, respectively]. Conclusion: In conclusion, a renal size discrepancy on US findings in children with their first episode of febrile UTI was a helpful tool for predicting the presence of cortical defects on an acute DMSA scan.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.497-503
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• 2018

A strawberry variety 'Arihyang' was derived as an artificial cross between 'Tochiotome' and 'Seolhyang' in 2014. The seedling and line selections were conducted from 2014 to 2015. Preliminary and advanced yield trials of '14-5-5,' which was the final selected line, were conducted from 2015 to 2017. 'Arihyang' is suitable for forced cultivation and has strong plant vigor, uniformly large-sized fruit, and a high yield compared to those of the check variety, 'Seolhyang' and 'Maehyang.' Especially, vitamin C was at a significant level, which was approximately 15% higher than that of 'Seolhyang.' The average number of flowers per first flower cluster was 10.5, which could reduce the labor of thinning fruit. Its fruit has a conical shape, dark red color, and glossy skin. The fruit was of good quality but has recommendations for harvest at the fully ripened stage. 'Arihyang' has intermediate resistant to phytophthora crown rot, but is susceptible to powdery mildew, gray mold, anthracnose, and fusarium wilt. It is reguired to manage major diseases and pests using optimum cultivation techniques and chemical control.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.96-102
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• 2021

A new cultivar of oak mushroom 'Dadam' was bred from monokaryotic strains of 'GMLE36062-4' and 'GMLE36288-34'. The optimum temperature for mycelial growth of the new cultivar 'Dadam' on potato dextrose agar was 19-22℃. Total cultivation period of the new cultivar, from innoculation to its first harvest, was 135-139 days, similar to that of the control cultivar 'Hwadam'. The pileus color and stipe thickness of the new cultivar were darker and thinner than those of 'Hwadam'. Total yield of 'Dadam' was 621 g per 3 kg substrate, and is higher than that of 'Hwadam' (371 g). In farmhouse field test, it showed that the period of mycelial growth, browning, and fruiting body formation were the same as those of the control cultivar L808. The number of available fruiting bodies of 'Dadam' was 15, and is lower than that of the control (47), therefore, it was possible to save workforce in thinning. The total yield for 2 flush was 480 g for 'Dadam', similar to the 473 g of the control cultivar.

• Composites Research
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.277-282
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• 2022

In this study, a smart material applicable to speed bumps was developed using low-cost starch and waterbased suspensions, and their properties were investigated. Viscosity and shear stress according to the shear rate was measured by a rheometer to observe shear thickening behavior according to starch concentration. The shear thickening phenomenon and applicability to speed bumps were identified macroscopically via drop weight test and bike driving test, measuring the vibration after impact with a driving speed of 5-25 km/h. As a result of the viscosity measurement, shear thickening occurred after the shear thinning region at the beginning, and the critical strain causing the shear thickening phenomenon decreased as the concentration of starch increased. Also, the viscosity and shear stress increased significantly with the increase of the starch concentration. As a result of the drop weight test and the bike driving test, the suspension was changed to a solid-like state in a short time, and the impact energy was absorbed in the fluid. The shear thickening phenomenon easily occurred as the concentration of the fluid and the applied impact (velocity) increased. Therefore, it can be proposed the development of a smart speed bump material that operates in the range of 5-25 km/h with a Non-Newtonian fluid based on water and starch.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.421-430
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• 2022

Crop load management in apple trees is important for achieving optimum productivity and crop value. Hence, we investigated the influence of different crop loads on the fruit quality, mineral content, and yield of the 'RubyS' apple variety. After 4 weeks of full bloom, the crop load was adjusted by hand thinning to different (5, 10, and 15 fruits·cm^-2) trunk cross-sectional areas (TCSA), representing low, medium, and high crop loads. The low crop load increased the fruit size and weight, the development of the red-blushed area, and the peel color a^* at harvest; however, it reduced the total number of fruits·tree^-1 and yield compared with that of the other crop loads. The medium crop load improved the fruit weight, flesh firmness, and soluble solids content and reduced the fruits·tree^-1 but did not affect the fruit size and yield. However, there were no significant differences in the titratable acidity and starch index among the crop loads. The fruit mineral content (phosphorus and potassium) was higher in the low and medium crop loads compared to the high crop load. However, the nitrogen, calcium, and magnesium contents in the fruits were not affected by the crop loads. Overall, this study suggests that a low crop load improves the fruit size and weight, but its effect on the quality and fruit mineral content is similar to that of a medium crop load. Therefore, the optimum crop load level for the 'RubyS' apple trees was approximately 10 fruits·cm^-2 TCSA.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.87-101
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• 2022

This study analyzed changes in the vegetation structure of 16 permanent plots (experimental and control) installed in Wando Arboretum in 1996 to monitor the long-term change process of evergreen broad-leaved forests in warm temperate. Especially, this study discusses the effects of trial treatment (selection cutting and plant introduction), introduced as a restoration technique in 1996, on vegetation development. In communities dominated by Quercus acuta in the canopy (permanent plots 1 through 3), this species's mean important percentage (MIP) decreased, and the evergreen broad-leaved species was introduced from outside increased, likely to change the vegetation structure in the future. The expansion of the evergreen broad-leaved species group was also confirmed in Q. acuta-deciduous broad-leaved forests (permanent plots 5 and 7) and Pinus densifloraforests (permanent plots 9 and 10). In the experimental plots where thinning was carried out, the zoochory (the dispersal of seeds by birds), Cinnamomum yabunikkei, Neolitsea sericea, Machilus thunbergii, etc., and the expansion of the influence of evergreen broad-leaved species were remarkable, so it is considered to have effectively promoted the vegetation development in warm temperate forests. Although evergreen broad-leaved species were planted in the experimental plot to change vegetation structure, it seems the effect on the change was weak due to the small amount of planting. Compared to other vegetation types, the change in the vegetative structure of the pine forest to an evergreen broad-leaved forest was clear due to the decline of P. densiflora and P. thunbergii.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.133-138
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• 2023

Due to social phenomena such as rapid aging in Korea, nuclear familyization, single marriage, and low birth rate, the number of Companion animals and the number of households with Companion animals are increasing due to the increase in single-person households. In fact, one out of every four households has a pet, and the scale of the industry is expected to reach 6 trillion won in 2027. In particular, in a situation where the Companion animal cosmetics market is in the spotlight amid the diversification of the pet industry, there is a great lack of research on related research and industry development methods. Accordingly, this study attempted to search and analyze academic data, patented technologies, and the latest data related to pet cosmetics and provide them as basic data for the Companion animal cosmetics industry, and the results are as follows. Academic data included verification of the effectiveness of natural materials to improve the skin condition of dogs, analysis of the pet cosmetics industry, and research on ICT-converged pet cosmetics, and the industry was mainly cleaning cosmetics, with pet shampoo launches in Amorepacific, LG Household & Healthcare, and Aekyung. In the patented technology for pets, a patent has been registered for natural product material composition and formulation ratio for skin moisturizing, skin improvement, thinning, and inflammation symptom relief. As a result of this award, it was confirmed that research and development are still insufficient compared to the consumption demand of the pet cosmetics market, and it is believed that industry analysis and development research in related fields should be actively carried out.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.85-93
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• 2013

This study has been conducted to investigate the effect of GA₃ solution dipping treatment after 1 days full bloom on spike growth and fruit quality at harvest of 'Campbell Early' grapevine. The fruit cluster growth(weight, length, width) and fruit stalk(diameter, length) at harvest were increased significantly by GA₃ 10 mg·L^-1 solution dipping treatment compared to control and another concentration. The berry growth (berry No, weight, length, diameter) at harvest showed no difference by treatment GA₃ concentration different. Spike weight was increased by GA₃ 5, 10, 20, mg·L^-1 treatment compared to control, but no difference GA₃ 40 mg·L^-1 treatment. The degree of compact berry, bloom, skin color and SSC at harvest by GA₃ solution dipping treatment were not significantly different from those of control. but increased seedlessness induction by GA₃ 10 mg·L^-1 treatment. The occurrence percent of berry cracking by GA₃ 5, 10, 20, 40 mg·L^-1 treatment significantly decreased. The bitter rot of berry harvest showed no difference by treatment GA₃ concentration different. Total spike length was increased by GA₃ 5, 10 mg·L^-1 treatment compared to control and GA₃ 20, 40 mg·L^-1 treatment. The spike length of 1st from 15th to position increased by GA₃ 10 mg·L^-1 treatment.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.39-49
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• 2017

The present study conducted a comparison on tree growth and productivity of high-density apple orchards by several orchard management systems: making scaffolds by heading-back and thinning out pruning (T-1), maintaining scaffolds upward and bearing shoots downward (T-2), managing branches slightly upward without heading-back (T-3), keeping leaders downward and shoots pending (T-4), maintaining leaders high and branches horizontal with severe pinching (T-5), making leaders with lower branches vigorous and upper shoots pending (T-6), and controlling very high planting density with bending branches (T-7). In conclusion, the orchards of (T-5) and (T-6) management systems showed a superior performance in controlling tree growth, productivity, and quality of fruits. Also, superior management efficiency was obtained in the orchards of (T-5) and (T-6).