• 기술발표회
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• s.2006
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• pp.261-269
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• 2006

Recently, piezocone penetration test is frequently used in order to estimate the characteristics of soft ground with standard penetration test; generally used in the past In this study, standard penetration test, piezocone penetration test, driving resistance of vertical drain were used in order to increase the confidence for determination of soft ground depth. And the compressible layer was determined by the comparison between the preconsolidation pressure and the designed increase pressure. As the results, the relation between standard penetration test and piezocone penetration test shows $q_c$=(1.09~1.63)N at the soft ground, determined by 5/30 N value. And $q_c$(1.21~1.98)N was shown at the point of compressible layer, evaluated by the preconsolidation pressure. And driving resistance of vertical drain is 70 f/$cm^2$ which is equal to 10kgf/$cm^2$ cone penetration resistance.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.255-261
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• 2013

The objective of the present study was to determine the minimum alcohol (ethanol) concentration that gives rise to the coagulation of goat milk for the alcohol precipitation test, and to evaluate the physical parameters of goat milk which include alcohol and heat stability. A total of 1,295 udder-half milk samples from 648 lactating dairy goats were collected from seven farms in Jeonnam province, Republic of Korea, to determine the alcohol and heat stability. The majority (99.6%) of the samples were coagulated when 70% ethanol was added to the milk, while only 11.0% of the samples were precipitated by the addition of an equal volume of 45% ethanol. With the concentration of 65%, 60%, 55% and 50% aqueous ethanol, 99.2%, 96.8%, 81.0% and 52.8% of the milk samples were coagulated, respectively. Of 1,295 dairy goat milk samples tested for heat stability, 127 (9.8%) were coagulated by boiling. Among the 143 alcohol test-positive udder-half milk samples, 52 (4.0%) were unstable by heat test, while 1,032 (79.7%) of the 1,152 alcohol test-negative milk samples were stable by heat test. According to the results of boiling test, sensitivity and specificity of 45% alcohol precipitation test were 0.3023 (95% CI: 0.2346~0.3772) and 0.9190 (95% CI: 0.9017~0.9344), respectively. The contents of protein and the specific gravity were higher in the milk samples of 45% alcohol test-positive than in those of 45% alcohol test-negative. However, lower levels of lactose and milk urea nitrogen were observed in the milk samples of 45% alcohol test-positive compared to the alcohol test-negative milk samples. The lowest pH values ($6.73{\pm}0.20$) were shown in the 45% alcohol test-negative and heat-unstable milk samples, while the lowest values of somatic cell counts and bacterial counts were shown in the 45% alcohol test-negative and heat-stable milk samples. Results of this study suggest that the alcohol precipitation for dairy goat milk may have to be tested with ethanol concentration less than 45% for the determination of freshness and heat-stability.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.11.1-11.9
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• 2020

Objectives: This study compared the flow and filling of several retrograde filling materials using new different test models. Materials and Methods: Glass plates were manufactured with a central cavity and 4 grooves in the horizontal and vertical directions. Grooves with the dimensions used in the previous study (1 × 1 × 2 mm; length, width, and height respectively) were compared with grooves measuring 1 × 1 × 1 and 1 × 2 × 1 mm. Biodentine, intermediate restorative material (IRM), and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) were evaluated. Each material was placed in the central cavity, and then another glass plate and a metal weight were placed over the cement. The glass plate/material set was scanned using micro-computed tomography. Flow was calculated by linear measurements in the grooves. Central filling was calculated in the central cavity (㎣) and lateral filling was measured up to 2 mm from the central cavity. Results: Biodentine presented the least flow and better filling than IRM when evaluated in the 1 × 1 × 2 model. In a comparison of the test models, MTA had the most flow in the 1 × 1 × 2 model. All materials had lower lateral filling when the 1 × 1 × 2 model was used. Conclusions: Flow and filling were affected by the size of the test models. Higher grooves and materials with greater flow resulted in lower filling capacity. The test model measuring 1 × 1 × 2 mm showed a better ability to differentiate among the materials.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.147-150
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the reliability of unilateral hip abductor strength assessment in side-lying with break and make test in subjects with pelvic drop. Hip abduction muscles are very important in the hip joint structures. Therefore, it is essential to evaluate their strength in a reliable way. Methods: Twenty-five subjects participated in this study. Unilateral isometric hip abductor muscle strength was measured in side-lying, with use of a specialized tensiometer using smart KEMA system for make test, of a hand held dynamometer for break test. Coefficients of variation, and intra class correlation coefficients were calculated to determine test-retest reliability of hip abductor strength. Results: In make test, maximal hip abductor strength in the side-lying position was significantly higher compared with break test (p<0.05). Additionally, Test-retest reliability of hip abductor strength measurements in terms of coefficients of variation (3.7% for make test, 16.1% for break test) was better in the side-lying position with make test. All intraclass correlation coefficients with break test were lower than make test (0.90 for make test, 0.73 for break test). Conclusion: The side-lying body position with make test offers more reliable assessment of unilateral hip abductor strength than the same position with break test. Make test in side-lying can be recommended for reliable measurement of hip abductor strength in subjects with pelvic drop.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2005

Objective : The purpose of this study was to get the mean of duration of post-rotatory nystagmus test in normal children and to differentiate the duration of post-rotatory nystagmus test between normal children and children with pervasive developmental disorder. Method : 84 subjects were between 3 and 5 years of age and consisted of 64 normal children and 20 children with the pervasive developmental disorder. Analysis of the data was done by using t-test and ANOVA. Results : The results were as follows: 1. Range of duration of post-rotatory nyatagmus test in normal children was $5{\sim}22$second on left and $7{\sim}21$ second on right and the mean was 12.63 second on left and 12.59 second on right. 2. Range of duration of post-rotatory nystagmus test in children with the pervasive developmental disorder was $3{\sim}11$ second on both and the mean was 5.65 second on left and 5.60 second on right. 3. There was no significant difference between males and females with normal children in duration of post-rotatory nystagmus test. However, there was a significant difference of the mean duration between 3 and 5 years old normal group. 4. Children with pervasive developmental disorder significantly have relatively lower duration than the duration of post-rotatory nystagmus test of normal children. Conclusions : The results of the study showed significant difference between normal children and children with pervasive developmental disorder in duration of post-rotatory nystagmus test and suggest that they could be applied to the baseline of clinical therapy.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.87-97
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• 1995

When there is no main effcts or only one main effect in a $2 \times 2$ factorial design, Type I error rates and power for the rank transformed F test (FR test) for interaction are nearly equal to those of the classical F test. However the power of FR test is quite superior under the exponential distribution rather than the of FR test is quite superior under the exponential distribution rather than the normal distribution. Meanwhile when both main effects are in the model, Type I error rates of FR test, compared with those of F test, decrease as the effect size increases and are dependent on the fashion in which main effects are constructed. In addition, the power of FR test increases as the effect size and the sample size increase and is highly dependent on the manner in which main effects are constructed and the type of population distribution.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.47-55
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• 2012

The newly revised bioequivalence guideline of Korea allows the add-on test since July 1, 2008 when the initial bioequivalence trial fails to show the equivalence of two drugs. The statistical model of the add-on test and its two stage testing procedures are discussed. Some statistical points of consistency test in the add-on test are considered and the issue on the sample size of add-on test is discussed. Some reasonable alternative like Japan's guideline for bioequivalence studies is recommended to secure the proper use of an add-on study through some simulation studies.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.323-329
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• 1997

Ipriflavone is non-hormonal antiosteoporotic drug which inhibits bone resorption by reducing recruitment and/or differentiation of osteoclasts, and stimulates proliferation and differentiation of osteoblast, and also enhances calcitonin secretion in the presence of estrogen. Although some kinds of immediately-released preparation of ipriflavone are available in commercial market, in present study, we tried to formulate sustained-release tablet using coating method with hydrophobic and hydrophilic coating materials. In vitro dissolution test was applied to evaluate sustained-release patterns of several test preparations (Test tablet A, B and C) designed using different preparation method or different compositions. From the results of dissolution test, test tablet A which showed suitable dissolution profile was selected as the candidate of new product. Pharmacokinetic evaluation of test drug, ipriflavone sustained-release tablets, was conducted in 6 beagle dogs weighing $11.5{\pm}0.5\;Kg$ compared with $Theobon^{\circledR}$ tablet, immediately-released tablet (Kukjae Pharm. Co.) as reference drug. Two products were randomly administered to 6 beagle dogs, and after 1 week, cross-over study was conducted. From the present study, AUC and $T_{max}$ of test product were significantly different from those of reference product (p<0.05), respectively$(AUC\;:\;3646.28{\pm}472.56\;vs\;3646.28{\pm}472.56\;ng{\cdot}hr/ml,\;T_{max}\;:\;4.33{\pm}1.03\;vs\;1.42{\pm}0.38\;hr)$. But $C_{max}$ was not significantly different between two products (p>0.05) $(\;512.52{\pm}48.18\;vs\;443.97{\pm}140.53\;ng/ml)$. From the results of pharmacokinetic evaluations, it was noted that absorption amount of test product was increased, but absorption rate was delayed and $C_{max}$ of two products were not changed. And it was concluded that redesign of the sustained-release preparation which has a lower content of iprifavone rather than test tablet A must be considered.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.54-64
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• 2002

Recently System On a Chip(SoC) design based on IP cores has become the trend of If design To prevent the testing problem from becoming the bottleneck of the core-based design, defining of an efficient test architecture and a successful test methodology are mandatory. This paper describes a test architecture and a test control access mechanism for SoC based on IEEE 1149.1 boundary,scan. The proposed SoC test architecture is fully compatible with IEEE P1500 Standard for Embedded Core Test(SECT), and applicable for both TAPed cores and Wrapped cores within a SOC with the same test access mechanism. Controlled by TCK, TMS, TDI, and TDO, the proposed test architecture provides a hierarchical test feature.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.105-110
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• 2000

The Micromechanics test is new test method which uses comparatively smaller specimen than that required in conventional material tests. There are several methods, such as small-specimen creep test, the continuous indentation test, and small punch(SP) test. Among them, the small punch(SP) test method has been applied to many evaluation fields, such as a ductile-brittle transition temperature, stress corrosion cracking, hydrogen embrittlement, and fracture properties of advanced materials like FGM or MMC. In this study, the small punch(SP) test is performed to evaluate the mechanical properties at high/low temperature from $-196^{\circ}C$ to $650^{\circ}C$ and the material degradation for virgin and aged materials of 9Cr1MoVNb steel which has been recently developed. The ${\Delta}P/{\Delta}{\delta}$ parameter defined a slope in plastic membrane stretching region of SP load-displacement curve decreases according to the increase of specimen temperature, and that of aged materials is higher than the virgin material in all test temperatures. And the material degradation degrees of aged materials with $630^{\circ}C$ -500hrs and $630^{\circ}C$ -1000hrs are $36^{\circ}C$ and $38^{\circ}C$ respectively. These behaviors are good consistent with the results of hardness($H_v$) and maximum displacement(${\delta}_{max}$).