• Resources Recycling
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.50-54
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• 1998

In order to obtain desired electromagnetic propertieι high initial permeability and good frequency dependance of initial p permeability, the adding effects of sevral seeds were experimented in Mn-Zn ferrite system. As adding seed grams, calcined at sintering temperature, abnormal grains were disappeared clearly but the density and the initial permcability of sintered Mn-Zn ferrite body were decreased. On the contrary, in case of adding seed rains which were calcined below the calcination temperatnre of matrix particle, abnormal grains remained but the initial permeability was increas$\xi$d with proper s$\xi$ed content. W With proper seed content, the initial permeability was increased by 10-20% but tbe $\alpha$ltoff frequency was not changed.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.121-126
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• 1970

This is a report on a total of 8 cases of benign mediastinal tumors and cysts in Department of Thoracic Surgery, Chonnam University Hospital during the period from 1961 to 1969. The patients age was distributed between 18 and 38 year old with the highest incidence in the age group of second decade. Sex ratio of male to female was 3: 5. The tumors were classificed as follow; 3 case:, of neurogenic tumors, 2 cases of teratomas, one case of pericardial cyst, one case of cystic hygroma, and one case of brochogenic cyst. The symptomatic patients were 5 cases(62. 6%) and asymptomatic patients were 3 cases(37.5%). The symptomatic patients had the symptoms not referable to their lesion and the mediastinal tumors of asymptomatic patients were incidently found by routine chest X-ray. The Symptoms occurred by compression to adjacent nerve system in 3 cases. by perforation into the lung with infection in one case and by infection of bronchial cyst in one case. The complications were Pancoast's syndrome including Horner's syndrome(2 cases), middle lobe syndrome (one case), bro:1chial infection(one case) and intercostal neuralgia(one case). All tbe tumors were surgicai[y resectable with good recovery postoperatively. In 5 cases of the symptomatic patents, their symptoms were disappeared dramatically after operation.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.29-42
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• 2008

Objectives : This study was performed to examine the effect of Sinchim on enhancing of memory in rat with water maze. Methods : Experimental animals(white rat) were classfied into normal, control, and aroma sample group. Then, they were injected .{\beta}-amyloid into control and aroma sample group rat's brain about $5{\mu}l$ to injure its brain. After rat smelt Sinchim about 12days, I did water maze test and anatomized its hippocampus. Sections were cut coronally at 30 ${\mu}m$.(XI00) Results: 1. In acquisition test of water maze learning, .{\beta}-amyloid injured group took more time than normal group to reach the escape platform noticeably and through the session of trial, Sinchim aroma sample group shortened time than .l3-amyloid injured group after 6 days. 2. In the acetyltransferase(AchE) immunostained method, it was shown that Sinchim aroma sample recovered tbe syntbesis of ChAT(Choloneacetyltransferase). Conclusion: Smelling Sinchim would be useful for enhancing of memory.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.80-92
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to analyze drainage facilities in mountainous urban neigbborhood parks--Baebongsan Park and Ogeum Park--in Seoul. Based on an analysis of existing drainage facilities, the volume of storm water runoff (VSW), the runoff rate of open channels(ROC), and the detention capacity of open charmels(DCOC) by each drainage watershed, the coefficient of runoff rate(CROC) as evaluated to be relevant between VSW and ROC and the coefficient of the detention capacity of open channe1s(CDCOC) as evaluated with DCOC compared to VSW were estimated and analyzed by parks and by watersheds. The results are as follows: 1. The total drainage area of Baebongsan Park was 34.13ha including surface runoff area(15.05ha; 44.09%), open channel area(l4.60ha; 42.78%), and natural waterway area(4.48ha; 13.13%). The total drainage area of Ogeum Park was 20.39ha including open channel area (10.14ha; 49.73%), ridge-side gutter area(7.17ha; 35.16%), surface runoff area (2.52ha; 12.36%), and natural waterway area (0.56ha; 2.75%). In Baebongsan Park, the portion of surface runoff was comparatively higher while the portion of artificial drainage area was higber in Ogeum Park. 2. In Baebongsan Park drainage districts were largely divided: VSW was $7.28m^3/s$ in total(average $0.23m^3/s$). Comparatively, tbe VSW in Ogeum Park, including smaller drainage districts, was $4.37m^3/s$ in total(average $0.12m^3/s$). 3. The ROC of Baebmgsan Park was $11.58m^3/s$ in total(average $0.77m^3/s$) and the CROC was 5.26, while in Ogeum Park, the ROC was $15.40m^3/s$(average $0.34m^3/s$) and tbe CROC was 8.87 higher than that of Baebongsan Because the size and slope of the open channel in Baebongsan Park was higher, the average ROC was larger, while tbe CROC of Ogeum Park was higher than that of Baebongsan Park, for the VSW in Ogeum Park was comparatively lower. 4. The DCOC in Baebongsan Park was $554.54m^3$ and the average of CDCOC was 179.83. That of Ogeum Park was $717.74m^3$ and the average of the CDCOC was 339.69, meaning that the DCOC of Ogeum Park was so much higber that drainage facilities in Ogeum Park were built intensively. This study was focused m the capacity of the drainage facilities in mountainous urban neighborhood parks by using the CROC to evaluate relevance between VSW and ROC and the CDCOC to evaluate the DCOC as compared with VSW. The devised methodology and coefficient for evaluating drainage facilities in mountainous urban neighborhood parks may he universally applicable through additional study. Further study m sustainable urban drainage systems for retaining rainwater in a reservoir and for enhancing ecological value is required in the near future.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.199-212
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• 2012

Recently, the government, academia and the food service industry have keen interest in tbe globalization of traditional Korean food. The purpose of this study is to find out the impact of service quality on customer satisfaction and management performance. Korean food restaurants and 188 customers living in Ulsan area were the subjects of empirical analysis. So as to achieve the research purpose, we conducted factor analysis, reliability analysis, multiple regression analysis, correlation analysis and frequency analysis through SPSS 12.0 program. The analysis results are as follows. There are 3 factors in the service quality of a Korean restaurant. Customer satisfaction and management performance are drawn as one factor. The correlation analysis among the service quality factors, customer satisfaction and management performance show that they all have positive (+) correlations. Regarding the service quality of a Korean restaurant, the physical environment has the biggest impact, followed by human service and convenience. Regarding the service quality of a Korean restaurant, human service and the physical environment have a significant impact on management performance. Satisfaction of customers who visited Korean restaurant has a significant impact(p<0.001) on management performance.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.35-41
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• 2006

The unique gene encoding thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) was previously cloned and characterized from the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, and its expression was induced by oxidative stress. To elucidate tbe regulatory mechanism of the S. pombe TrxR gene, three fusion plasmids were generated using polymerase chain reaction: pYUTR20, pYUTR30, and pYUTR40. Plasmid pYUTR20 has an upstream region of 891 base pairs, pYUTR30 has 499 in this region, and pYUTR40 has an 186 bp upstream region. Negatively acting sequence is located between $-1,526\;\~\;-891bp$ upstream of the gene. The upstream sequence, responsible for the induction of TrxR by menadione (MD), is situated on the $-499\;\~\;-186bp$ region, which is also required for TrxR induction by mercuric chloride. The same region also appeared to be required for Pap1-mediated transcriptional regulation of the TrxR gene, which contains the two plausible Papl binding sites, TTACGAAT and TTACGCGA. Consistently, basal and inducible expression of the TrxR gene was markedly lower in the Pap1-negative TP108-3C cells than in wild-type yeast cells. In summary, up-regulation of the S. pombe TrxR gene is mediated by Pap1 via the transcriptional motif(s) located on the $-499\;\~\;-186bp$ region.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.427-433
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• 2010

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (EMF) on signal pathway in plasma membrane of cultured cells (RAW 264.7 cells and RBL 2H3 cells), by measuring the activity of phospholipase $A_2$ ($PLA_2$), phospholipase C (PLC) and phospholipase D (PLD). The cells were exposed to the EMF (60 Hz, 0.1 or 1 mT) for 4 or 16 h. The basal and $0.5\;{\mu}M$ melittin-induced arachidonic acid release was not affected by EMF in both cells. In cell-free $PLA_2$ assay, we failed to observe tbe change of $cPLA_2$ and $sPLA_2$ activity. Also both PLC and PLD activities did not show any change in the two cell lines exposed to EMF. This study suggests that the exposure condition of EMF (60 Hz, 0.1 or 1 mT) which is 2.4 fold higher than the limit of occupational exposure does not induce phospholipases-associated signal pathway in RAW 264.7 cells and RBL 2H3 cells.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.3-12
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• 1969

Prior to availability of antibiotics, lung abscess has been recognized as one of the most serious pulmonary disease, and despite of diminished morbidity and mortality rate with the advent of antibiotics and development of better technique in the fields of surgery on pulmonary disease it continues to be a virulent form of pulmonary supuration. It is the purpose of this paper to present a clinical review of 115 lung abscess treated by surgically at "The National Medical Center" during past 9 years. 1. The most common age of occurrence is between the age of 30 and 50, and 105 cases were male and 31 cases occurred in female. 2. Numerous etiological factors may play a role in the formation of a pulmonary abscess; aspiration in 36 patients of which 2 patients had diabetes, 54 patients had preceding URI or pneumonia, and 5 patients followed liver abscess, one of which in hematogenous route. In 20 patients, no predisposing factor could be determined- 3. Clubbing digits were presented in 26 of 1315 patients suggesting chronicity of the disease, and gastric ulcer were combined in 3 of 136 patints. 4. Apparently the onset was insidious, and the progress was masked by indiscriminate administration of antibiotics for URI and TB remedies under impression of pul. tbc. Previous TB treatments were done in 56.%[76 cases] for one week to two years and administration of antibiotics in 51 cases. 5. 89 cases were on tbe right and 2t5 cascs were on the left side. 51 cases of pneumonectomy and 8 of open drainage, of which 4 of Monaldi procedure, were made and operative mortality rate was 5.2%. Numerous complications such as 8 of empyema, 4 of each bleeding and atelectasis, 2 of BPF, 1 of esophageal fistula and one of pneumothorax which were responded well to prolonged treatment with good results, were obtained. 6. The incidence of Klebsiella and Pseudomonas were increased recently. In these results, we submit the surgery should be performed if the conservative therapy had failed. The resection was most favorable operation for pulmonary abscess though drainage procedure may be of value in certain patients with grave systemic menifestations. In chronic long standing abscess, more complications and high mortality rate were assumable although the prognosis has been improved with the advent of antibiotics, the development of improved surgical technique and complete preoperative care.

• Membrane Journal
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.74-82
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• 2001

By using a phenomenological approach, model equations incorporating the resistance-in¬series concept were established to evaluate quantitatively concentration polarization in the boundary layer in feed adjacent to the membrane surface in the vapor permeation and separation of volatile organic compounds (VOCS)/$N_2$ mixture through po]y(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) membrane. The vapor permeations of various VOCS/$N_2$ mixtures through PDMS membrane were carried out at various feed flow rates. Chlorinated hydrocarbons, such as, methylene chloride, chlorofonn, 1,2-clichloroethane and 1,1,2-trichloroethane were used as organic vapor. By fitting the model equations to the experimental penneation data. the model parameters were detennined. respectively. Both the mass transfer coefficient of VOC across tbe boundary layer and concentration polarization modulus as a measure of the extent of concentration polarization were eitimated Quantitatively by the mooe1 equations with the determined model parameters. From the analysis on the detennined model parameters, the boundary layer resistance due to the concentration polarization of VOCs component was found to be more significant when the condensability of voe was greater. This study seeks to emphasize the importance of the boundary resistance on the vapor penneation of the vapor/gas mixtures with high permeability and high selectivity towards the minor component VOC.

• Magazine of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.91-100
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• 1990

In most of the structural members with initial cracks(or initial notches), the strength tends to decmase as the member size increases. This phenomenon is known as size effect. Among the structural materials of glass, metal or concrete, etc., concrete represents the size effect even without initial crack. According to the previous size effect law, the concrete mem¬ber of very large size can resist little stress. Actually, however, even the large size member can resist some stress if there is no initial crack made artificially, consequently showing a rather milder strength reduction compared to the severe strength reduction by tbe previously derived size effect law. In this study, the theoretical size effect law previously derived by Z.P. Bazant was discussed based on nonlinear fracture mechanics of concrete structures With dissimilar initial cracks, and the prediction models are proposed by regression analysis with the existing test data of more large size speciments for splitting tensile strength, shear strength and uniaxial compressive strength tests.