• Journal of the Korean Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.79-90
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• 2005

In this paper we study the numerical solutions of the stochastic differential equations of the form $$du(x,\;t)=f(x,\;t,\;u)dt\;+\;g(x,\;t,\;u)dW(t)\;+\;\sum\limits_{|q|\leq2m}\;A_q(x,\;t)D^qu(x,\;t)dt$$ where $0\;{\leq}\;t\;{\leq}\;T,\;x\;{\in}\;R^{\nu}$, ($R^{nu}$ is the $\nu$-dimensional Euclidean space). Here $u\;{\in}\;R^n$, W(t) is an n-dimensional Brownian motion, $$f\;:\;R^{n+\nu+1}\;{\rightarrow}\;R^n,\;g\;:\;R^{n+\nu+1}\;{\rightarrow}\;R^{n{\times}n},$$, and $$A_q\;:\;R^{\nu}\;{\times}\;[0,\;T]\;{\rightarrow}\;R^{n{\times}n}$$ where ($A_q,\;|\;q\;|{\leq}\;2m$) is a family of square matrices whose elements are sufficiently smooth functions on $R^{\nu}\;{\times}\;[0,\;T]\;and\;D^q\;=\;D^{q_1}_1_{\ldots}_{\ldots}D^{q_{\nu}}_{\nu},\;D_i\;=\;{\frac{\partial}{\partial_{x_i}}}$.

• Journal of Photoscience
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.314-316
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• 2002

In halobacterial membrane, pharaonis phoborhodopsin (or pharaonis sensory rhdopsin II, psRII) forms a complex with its transducer pHtrII. Flash-photolyis of D75N mutant did not yield M-intermediate but an O-like intermediate is observed. We examined the interaction between D75N of ppR and t-Htr (truncated pHtrII). These formed a complex in the presence of n-dodecyl-$\beta$-D-maltoside, and the association accelerated the decay of the 0 of D75N from 15 to 56 s$\^$-1/. From the decay time constants under varying ratios of D75N and t-Htr, n, the molar ratio of D75N/t-Htr in the complex, and K$\_$D/, the dissociation constant, were estimated. The value of n was unity and K$\_$D/ was estimated to 146 nM. This K$\_$D/ value can be considered as the association between the photo-intermediate and t-Htr, which is deduced by the method of estimation. Previously we (Photochem. Photobiol. 74, 489-494 (2001)) reported K$\_$D/ of 15 $\mu$M for the interaction between the wild-type and t-Htr by means of the change of M-decay rates. Therefore, this value should be the K$\_$D/ value for the interaction between M of the wild-type and t-Htr.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.181-189
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• 1984

1,840 school children aged 6 to 13 years who live in inland area in CHOONG CHUNG BUK DO were surveyed epidemiologically on the dental caries prevalence. The results were as follows; 1. The prevalence of dental carries was 76.35 percentage in male, 76.15 percentage in female, and 76.25 percentage in both sexes. 2. d.m.f rate was 77.72 percentage in male, 80.07 percentage in female, and 78.86 percentage in both sexes. D.M.F rate was 30.73 percentage in male, 38.52 percentage in female, and 34.51 percentage in both sexes. 3. d.m.f.t. rate and index was 27.94 percentage,2.55T, and d.m.f.s. rate & index was 13.62 percentage, 6.22T. 4. D.M.F.T rate & index in permanent teeth was 4.86 percentage,0.72T, and D.M.F.S. rate & index was 1.20 percentage,0.89T. 5. The filling rate was 3.90 percentage in decidious teeth, 2,00 percentage in permanent teeth.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.37-44
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• 1996

The present study was conducted to investigate the role of thyroid hormones in the regulation of gene expression of calbindin-$D_{28k}$ (CaBP-D28K) in the chicken. By employing slot blot and RIA analyses, levels of CABP-D28K mRNA and CaBP-D28K protein in the intestine, kidney, cerebellum and liver were measured 6 and 12 h after i.m. injection of 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin $D_3$ [1, 25 $(OH)_2D_3$; 250 ng/chick] and 3, 5, 3'-triiodothyronine ($T_3$; 500 ng/chick) in one-day-old chicks. The abundant messages of CaBP-D28K mRNA were detected in the intestine, kidney and cerebellum while there was little message in the liver. After 1, 25 $(OH)_2D_3$ treatment (6 + 12 hours), levels of CaBP-D28K mRNA increased in the intestine, but there was no change in the mRNA levels in the kidney and cerebellum. Although $T_3$ alone had no effect on CaBP-D28K mRNA levels, simultaneous administration of $T_3$ enhanced the 1, 25 $(OH)_2D_3$ effect of levels of CaBP-D28K mRNA in the intestine both 6 and 12 h post-treatment, and in the kidney 12 h post-treatment. At a protein level, co-treatment with 1, 25 $(OH)_2D_3$ and $T_3$ elicited a significant increase in CaBP-D28K expression in the intestine 12 h post-treatment, as compared to treatment with only 1, 25 $(OH)_2D_3$, whereas no differences were observed in the CaBP-D28K protein levels in the kidney and cerebellum. These results suggest that thyroid hormones may play a synergistic role with 1, 25 $(OH)_2D_3$ for CaBP-D28K gene expression in the intestine and kidney in chicks.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.1138-1144
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• 2013

최대주기를 갖는 수열들의 상호상관함수에 대한 연구는 수십년간 이루어져 왔다. 본 논문에서는 n=2m을 만족하고 최대주기 $2^n-1$을 가지면서 Niho type의 데시메이션 $d=2^{m-2}(2^m+3)$에 대하여 비선형수열$S_a^r(t)=Tr_1^m\{[Tr_m^n(a{\alpha}^t+{\alpha}^{dt})]^r\}$의 상호상관함수 값을 구한다. 특히, $d{\equiv}1(mod\;2^m-1)$을 만족하는 d를 Niho type의 데시메이션 이라고 한다. 그리고 위상이동차 ${\tau}=(2^m+1)k(0{\leq}k{\leq}2^m-2)$인 경우에 대하여 $S_a^r(t)$의 상호상관함수 값의 분포를 분석하고 실험 결과를 제시한다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제58권2호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2016

This study aims to assess the effectiveness of activated carbon (AC) and crushed concrete (CC) as capping material to block the release of nitrogen, phosphorus, and organic substance from reservoir sediments. The efficiency of AC and CC as capping material was evaluated in a reactor in which a 1 or 3 cm thick layer of capping materials was placed on the sediments collected from Mansu reservoir in Anseong-city. Dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration, total nitrogen (T-N), total phosphorus (T-P), and chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration in reservoir water above the uncapped sediments and capping material were monitored for 45 days. The release rate of T-N was in the following increasing order: AC 3 cm ($1.18mg/m^2{\cdot}d$) < CC 1 cm ($2.66mg/m^2{\cdot}d$) < AC 1 cm ($2.94mg/m^2{\cdot}d$) < CC 3 cm ($3.42mg/m^2{\cdot}d$) < uncapped ($4.59mg/m^2{\cdot}d$). The release rate of T-P was in the following increasing order: AC 3 cm ($0mg/m^2{\cdot}d$) $${\approx_-}$$ CC 3 cm ($0mg/m^2{\cdot}d$) < CC 1 cm ($0.03mg/m^2{\cdot}d$) < AC 1 cm capped ($0.07mg/m^2{\cdot}d$) < uncapped ($0.24mg/m^2{\cdot}d$). The release of nitrogen and phosphorus were effectively blocked by AC capping of 3 cm thickness, and CC capping of 3 cm thickness effectively controlled the release of phosphorus. The order of increasing COD release rate was as follows: AC 3 cm ($0mg/m^2{\cdot}d$) $${\approx_-}$$ CC 3 cm ($0mg/m^2{\cdot}d$) < CC 1 cm ($5.03mg/m^2{\cdot}d$) < AC 1 cm ($7.28mg/m^2{\cdot}d$) < uncapped ($10.05mg/m^2{\cdot}d$), indicating that AC and CC capping effectively interrupted the release of organic contaminants from the sediments. It was concluded that AC and CC could effectively block the release of T-N, T-P and COD release from contaminated reservoir sediments.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.807-811
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• 2007

Diabetes is marked by high glucose levels and is associated with decreased bone mass and increased fracture rates. To determine if [6]-gingerol could influence osteoblast dysfunction induced by 2-deoxy-D-ribose (dRib), osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells was treated with dRib and [6]-gingerol and markers of osteoblast function and oxidized protein were examined. [6]-Gingerol ($10^{-7}\;M$) significantly increased the growth of MC3T3-E1 cells in the presence of 30 mM dRib (p<0.05). [6]-Gingerol ($10^{-7}\;M$) caused a significant elevation of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, collagen content, and osteocalcin secretion in the cells. We then examined the effect of [6]-gingerol on the production of osteoprotegerin and protein carbonyl in osteoblasts. Treatment with [6]-gingerol ($10^{-9}$ and $10^{-7}\;M$) increased osteoprotegerin secretion in osteoblastic cells. Moreover, [6]-gingerol ($10^{-9}$ and $10^{-7}\;M$) decreased protein carbonyl contents of osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells in the presence of 30 mM dRib. Taken together, these results demonstrate that [6]-gingerol inhibits dRib-induced damage and may be useful in the treatment of diabetes related bone diseases.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.122-128
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• 2005

The experiments were conducted to fine out the handling characteristics of the FMT(Frame Mideater Trawl) in the southern waters of Korea using a trawler "DONGBAEK" belongs to Yosu National University. The realtionship between the net depth D(m) and the warp length L(m) at the towing speeds of 2.5k't and 3.5k't werw as follows ; D(m) = 0.30L - 1.3(2.5k't), D(m) = 0.16L - 1.5(3.5k't). Therefore, the net depth was 3.0m deeper when the warp length was 10m longer at the towing speed of 2.5k't and was 1.6m deeper for 10m longer at the speed of 3.5k't, respectively. The sinking speed of FMT was 6.5m/min when the warp releasing speed was 24m/min at the towing speed of 2.5k't and was 3.8m/min for 25m/min at the towing speed of 3.5k't, respectively. The rising speed of FMT was 6.9m/min when the warp rewinding speed was 28m/min at the towing speed of 2.5k't and was 5.3m/min for 25m/min at the towing speed of 3.5k't, respectively. The mean elapsed time getting to the stable towing condition was 104sec at the towing speed of 2.5k't and was 105sec at the towing speed of 3.5k't, respectively, and there was no time difference for the towing speed variation. During the towing, the net depth was comparatively stable on the condition of no change for the warp length and the towing speed.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제56권3호
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• pp.331-340
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• 2023

To estimate the biological reference points, suitable for fisheries management of sandfish Arctoscopus japonicas in the East Sea of Korea, we simulated the yield-per-recruit (Y/R) from age 0 to 6 (0-2,555 days). The stimulation was based on two instantaneous natural mortality conditions: size-dependent (M_t, d^-1) and constant (M_cons, d^-1); Subsequently, the biological reference points of the two mortality conditions was compared. M_t decreased from 0.0075 d^-1 to 0.0018 d^-1 depending on growth, and M_cons remained constant at 0.0011 d^-1 for all ages. Our Y/R model showed that the maximum yield of M_cons was 14 times higher than that of the M_t. The length at first capture to maximize the harvest at the F_0.1 points of the two natural mortality conditions was L_c,t=10.2 cm (TL) and L_c,cons=17 cm (TL). We concluded that M_t was more suitable for estimating M than M_cons; this is because L_c,t showed minimal difference from the current fishing regulations (11 cm, TL), and M_t reflected more biological characteristics than M_cons. We suggest that 10.2 cm and 0.8 as the suitable length at first capture and corresponding age, respectively for efficient fisheries management of sandfish.

• 충청수학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.41-48
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• 1990

Let D' : $C^n$[0, 1] ${\rightarrow}$ M be a second order derivation from the Banach algebra of n times continuously differentiable functions on [0, 1] into a Banach $C^n$[0, 1]-module M and let D be the primitive of D'. If D' is continuous and D'(z) lies in the 1-differential subspace, then it is completely determined by D(z) and D'(z) where z(t)=t, $0{\leq}t{\leq}1$.