• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.58-59
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• 2017

Through the case study, we surveyed the performance of a CNC-T BAR system on irregular-shaped building construction project. By CNC T-BAR system, we mean a surface curvature control system has been used in aircraft and ship manufacturing by controlling entire surface points on shape. For the past 10 year, the number of irregularly-shaped building design and construction project has been increased, and also the studies on irregular-shaped construction methods have been conducted. However, the previous studies did not review on the performance of the CNC T-BAR system. We collected construction-completed cases in Korea, which applied the CNC T-BAR system, and we studied its performance by comparing with a segment system in terms of construction duration and its quality. The result shows that the CNC T-BAR system can shorten the construction duration comparing with segment-assembly system while maintaining high quality. The CNC T-BAR system is expected to apply on the more number of irregularly-shape building construction project.

• Wind and Structures
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.1-18
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• 2008

Interference effects in five square tall buildings arranged in an L- or T-shaped pattern are investigated in the wind tunnel. Mean and fluctuating shear forces, overturning moments and torsional moment are measured on each building with a force balance mounted at its base. Results are obtained at two values of clear separation between adjacent buildings, at half and a quarter building breadth. It is found that strong interference effect exists on all member buildings, resulting in significant modifications of wind loads as compared with the isolated single building case. Sheltering effect is observed on wind loads acting along the direction of an arm of the "L" or "T" on the inner buildings. However, increase in these wind loads from the isolated single building case is found on the most upwind edge building in the arm when wind blows at a slight oblique angle to the arm. The corner formed by two arms of buildings results in some wind catchment effect leading to increased wind pressure on windward building faces. Interesting interference phenomena such as negative drag force are reported. Interference effects on wind load fluctuations, load spectra and dynamic building responses are also studied and discussed.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.201-208
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• 2003

In domestic, bearing wall apartment building have not rectangular walls but irregular walls which are designed at walls of various cross-sectional shapes such as H-shaped, T-shaped, Box-shaped and L-shaped. In these irregular walls connected with rigid joint each other, one side walls of irregular walls is expected to show effective behavior for rigid-jointed the other side walls. Moreover, previous studies have focused on simplifying irregular walls into rectangular walls because of the complication in structural design and analysis. So studies for variables affecting behaviors of irregular walls, such as aspect ratios and compressive strength of concrete, are insufficient. The objective of this study is to evaluate the behaviors of T-shaped structural walls with different concrete compressive strengths and aspect ratios by experimental works. Results of this experimental study show that flange wall is contributed to increase the flexural strengths by the variation of concrete strengths and aspect ratios, and that it is needed to evaluate the effect width of flange wall for rational wall design.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.223-232
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• 2018

Two novel types of construction detailings, including using the distributive beam and the inner ring diaphragm in the joint between large-section CFT columns and outrigger truss to enhance the transferring efficiency of huge vertical load, and using the T-shaped stiffeners in the steel tube of large-section CFT columns to promote the local buckling capacity of steel tubes, were tested to investigate their working mechanism and design methods. Experimental results show that the co-working performance between steel tube and inner concrete could be significantly improved by setting the distributive beam and the inner ring diaphragm which can transfer the vertical load directly in the large-section CFT columns. Meanwhile, the T-shaped stiffeners are very helpful to improve the local bulking performance of steel tubes in the column components by the composite action of T-shaped stiffeners together with the core concrete under the range of flange of T-shaped stiffeners. These two approaches can result in a lower steel cost in comparison to normal steel reinforced concrete columns. Finally, a practical engineering case was introduced to illustrate the economy benefits achieved by using the two typical detailings.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2017.11a
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• pp.52-53
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• 2017

Through the case study, we surveyed an applicability of digital fabrication in irregular-shaped building construction project. By digital fabrication, we mean is a precision manufacturing method has been used in aircraft, ship and car manufacturing industry. We collected construction-completed "LotteWorld Tower Podium" project data and analyzed its process in terms of construction quality andduration. The result shows that digital fabrication is considered a competitive technology that enabled to complete the project in seven months within 3mm surface curvature threshold. The digitalfabrication is expected to apply on a number of irregular-shaped building construction project.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.15-29
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to comprehend strengthening Hwaban(flower-shaped support) design in the Two-lkgong style government buildings in the late Joseon period through the T-shaped wooden shrines, the architectures of royal palace and royal ancestral shrine. Following conclusions have been reached through the study. First, Janghwaban(the long plate carved with flower-shaped support) was installed in Injeongjeon(1805) for the first time. It took 40 years to introduce Janghwaban to the government building of Two-lkgong style compared with Injeongjeon. Second, the quantity of Hwaban had been increased from 1 to 5 for 300 years in the government building of Two-lkgong style. This had been steadily increased with the aim of strengthening design. Third, there was a limit to the increase in the quantity of Hwaban. The first reason was to control the rhythm between the Hwaban and the Pobyeok(the wall between Hwabans). The second reason was that if the Pobyeok was too narrow, it was difficult to plaster. The latter was solved by introducing the Janghwaban. Fourth, in attempting to stylize differently from Jusimpo(simple bracket system), the quantity of Hwaban increase played a very important role in the government building of the Two-lkgong style. Since the reconstruction of Gyeongbokgung Palace, Hwaban combined style with Ungong served as the norm of the royal palace architecture in the last Joseon period.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.637-645
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• 2012

The composite action in truss beam is generally achieved by providing shear connectors between the steel top chord of the truss and the concrete slab. The composite sections have greater stiffness than the sum of the individual stinesses of the slab and truss. Therefore, steel trusses that act compositely with concrete slabs can carry larger load and are stiffer and less prone to transient vibration. The crack pattern and deflection of the beam of the composte truss were investigated by using of 600MPa class steel in this study. The test results were compared with the results for the noncomposite trusses. Test results were also compared with the results of composite trusses by using of 400MPa class steel. It was ascertained that the case of high strength steel is more efficient compared with the case of SS400 steel for T-shaped steel.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.37-44
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• 2008

Though they have advantages in terms of aesthetic in modern architecture, however, rectangular-shaped towers causes being short of natural light due to deep interior space. There are compromised attempts to take advantages of each building shape selectively. As a result, we now witness the advent of Y-shaped, T-shaped, V-shaped and ㅈ-shaped buildings on the market. The mutative type of apartment houses usually faces southwest or southeast, which has lot of daylighting availability but anyhow, the proportion of the apartment houses which have a full south aspect. The need to verify the potential of daylighting in new building-block shapes exists. At the same time, the expansion of balcony area was legalized and thus, a visual buffer area does not exist any more. All-glass window wall on apartment houses without a balcony produces pretty harmful area with direct sunbeam. Recently, the refurbished version of conventional windows has been developed for the purposed of minimizing energy loss occurred around windows. This research initialized a series of research to deal with almost all on window wall for apartment houses. First of all, huge amount of already-designed examples of apartment houses have been analyzed in terms of floor plan, elevation, orientation and glazing materials.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.67-74
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• 2001

In domestic, irregular walls such as T, L, H and Box shapes are considered as rectangular wall in the design of bearing wall apartment building. The strengths of walls, therefore, can be underestimated in case of using the current design process. Irregular walls are connected to each other as rigid joint so that part of the load can be resisted by the wall perpendicular to the load direction. This resistance can be caused by the effective width of perpendicular wall. This additional resistance by the perpendicular wall increases the strength of structural walls. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effective widths of flanged walls with different aspect ratios by using FEM analyses. the results from finite element method are compared with effective flange widths of some code provisions.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.439-455
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• 2012

The interaction of plan geometry and structural configuration, a determinative factor in the earthquake behavior of buildings, has become a serious issue in the building industry in Turkey due to the poor seismic performance of R/C buildings during the latest earthquake. Consequently, designing new buildings without structural irregularities against earthquake loads is proving to be more significant. This study focuses on the effects of plan geometries on earthquake performances of buildings. In that respect, structural irregularities in the plan are investigated in detail based on the Turkish Earthquake Code (TEC 2007). The study is based on five main parametric models and a total of 40 sub-models that are grouped according to their plan geometries with excessive projections such as L-shaped, H-shaped, T-shaped and U-shaped models. In addition to these, a square model without any projections is also generated. All models are designed to have the same storey gross area but with different number of storeys. Changes in the earthquake behavior of buildings were evaluated according to the number of storeys, the projection ratios and the symmetry conditions of each model. The analysis of each structural irregularity resulted in many findings, which were then assessed. The study demonstrates that the square model delivers the best earthquake performance owing to its regular plan geometry.