• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.30 no.7 s.155
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• pp.1135-1145
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to identify the desired seIf-images of male college students according to situations, and to construct fashion product unities bought by male college students for different situations. Empirical data were collected by self-administered questionnaires distributed to male students at 4 universities and 2 colleges in Daegu and Gyeongbuk area during June 2005, and 346 were analyzed, eliminating incomplete ones. Subjects were required to respond to 32 desired image words in 4 different situations respectively: school, meeting girlfriends, ceremonies, and exercises. As a result of factor analysis on desired self-image words, 5 factors were determined: refined image, sporty image, classic image, natural image and simple image. Based on the desired self-image factors, male college students were classified into 3 groups: selective image management group, passive image management group, and active Image management group. Fashion product unity of male college students for the school setting was consisted of round shirts, jeans, running shoes, bags and watches. Aloha shirts/knitted shirts/V-neck shirts, cotton pants/jeans/semi -formal pants, formal shoes/running shoes and watches were the fashion product unity for the setting of meeting girlfriends. For the setting of ceremonies, the fashion product unity included Y-shirts, formal dress, formal shoes, neckties and watches. And for the setting of exercises, the fashion product unity included cotton shirts, training suits, running shoes/jogging shoes/basketball shoes, armguard and caps.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.303-311
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• 2012

Laparoscopic surgery is a surgical procedure which uses long laparoscopic instruments through tiny holes in abdomen while watching images from a laparoscopic camera through umbilicus. Laparoscopic surgeries have many advantages rather than open surgeries, however it is hard to learn the surgical skills for laparoscopic surgery. Recently, some virtual simulation systems for laparoscopic surgery are developed to train novice surgeons or resident surgeons. In this study, we introduce the techniques that we developed for laparoscopic surgical training simulator for cholecystectomy (gallbladder removal), which is one of the most frequently performed by laparoscopic surgery. The techniques for cholecystectomy simulation include modeling of human organs (liver, gallbladder, bile ducts, etc.), real-time deformable body calculation, realistic 3D visualization of surgical scene, high-fidelity haptic rendering and haptic device technology, and so on. We propose each simulation technique for the laparoscopic cholecystectomy procedures such as identifying cystic duct and cystic artery to clamp and cut, dissecting connective tissues between the gallbladder and liver. In this paper, we describe the techniques and discuss about the results of the proposed cholecystectomy simulation for laparoscopic surgical training.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.201-218
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to investigate climatological variations from the sea surface temperature (SST), chlorophyll-a concentration (Chl-a), and phytoplankton size class (PSC), using NOAA AVHRR, SeaWiFS, and MODIS data in the South Sea of Korea (SSK) and East China Sea (ECS). 26-year monthly SST and 13-year monthly Chl-a and PSC data, separated by whole and nine-different areas, were used to understand seasonal and inter-annual variations. SST and Chl-a clearly showed seasonal variations: higher SST and Chl-a were observed during the summer and spring, and lower values occurred during the winter and summer. The annual and monthly SST over 26 years increased by $0.2{\sim}1.0^{\circ}C$. The annual and monthly Chl-a concentration over 13 years decreased by $0.2{\sim}1.1mg/m^3$. To determine more detailed spatial and temporal variations, we used the combined data with monthly SST, Chl-a, and PSC. Between 1998 and 2010, the inter-annual trend of Chl-a decreased, with decreasing micro- and nano-size plankton, and increasing pico-size plankton. In regional analysis, the west region of the study area was spatially and temporally correlated with the area dominated by decreasing micro-size plankton; while the east region was less sensitive to coastal and land effects, and was dominated by increasing pico-size plankton. This phenomenon is better related to one or more forcing factors: the increased stratification of ocean driven by changes occurring in spatial variations of the SST caused limited contributions of nutrients and changed marine ecosystems in the study area.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.39 no.10
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• pp.1054-1061
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• 2015

The International Maritime Organization (IMO) has been regulating emissions by making mandatory the compliance with institutions aimed at protecting air quality such as the Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI), Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP) and Tier III. Under the circumstances, one of the response measures considered to be the most feasible is the replacement of existing marine fuel with Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG). The industry has been preemptively building infrastructure and developing and spreading engine technology to enable the use of LNG-fueled ships. The IMO, in turn, recently adopted the International Code of Safety for Ships Using Gases or Other Low-Flash-Point Fuels (IGF Code) as an institutional measure. Thus, it is required to comply with regulations on safety-related design and systems focused on response against potential risk for LNG-fueled ships, in which low-flash-point fuel is handled in the engine room. Especially, the Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping (STCW) Convention was amended accordingly. It has adopted the qualification and training requirements for seafarers who are to provide service aboard ships subject to the IGF Code exemplified by LNG-fueled ships. The expansion in the use of LNG-fueled ships and relevant facilities in fact is expected to increase demand for talents. Thus, the time is ripe to develop methods to set up appropriate STCW training courses for seafarers who board ships subject to the IGF Code. In this study, the STCW Convention and existing STCW training courses applied to seafarers offering service aboard ships subject to the IGF Code are reviewed. The results were reflected to propose ways to design new STCW training courses needed for ships subject to the IGF Code and to identify and improve insufficiencies of the STCW Convention in relation to the IGF Code.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.97-108
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• 2015

In the design of sailing yachts, para-glider, or high-sky wind power, etc., the analysis of side-wind aerodynamic forces exerted on a cambered 3-D model is very important to predict the performance of various machinery systems. To understand the essential flow physics around the three-dimensional shape, simplified rigid-body models are proposed in this study. Four parameters such as free stream velocity, angle of attack, aspect ratio, and camber are considered as the independent variables. Lift and drag coefficients are computed with CFD technique using ANSYS-CFX, and the results with the visualization of post-processed flow fields are analyzed in the viewpoint of fluid dynamics.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.88-94
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• 2003

Electromyogram (EMG) is the bioelectric signal induced by motor nerves. Analyzing EMG with the movement produced by muscle contraction, we can provide input commands to a computer as a man-machine interface as well as can evaluate the patient's motional abnormality. In this paper, we developed an integrated miniaturized device which acquires and transmits the surface EMG of an interested muscle. Developed system measures $60{\times}40{\times}25mm$, weighs 100g. Using an amplifier circuitry on the electrodes and the radio frequency transmission, the developed system dispenses with the use of cables among the electrodes, amplifier, and the post processing system (personal computer). The wiring used in conventional systems can be obstacle for natural motion and source of motion artifacts. In results, the developed system improves not only the signal-to-noise ration in dynamic EMG measurement, but also the user convenience. We propose a new human-computer interface as well as a dynamic EMG measurement system as a possible application of the developed system.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• autumn
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• pp.513-518
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• 2001

In recent years, construction information management systems using Information Technology(IT) have been developed in the construction industry. Construction information management plays a significant role in successful project implementation and completion. However, there have been a number of problems in current practice that manually collects and utilizes construction information generated in site. This paper mainly describes a new approach which is able to gather, manage, and accumulate the construction information in real-time using IT tools such as PDA, barcode, RFID, biometrics identification and digital camera. It first reviews the existing applications and their limitations, and potential IT tools for construction data collection and management. It then proposes a utilization method of IT tools for an effective information management in domestic construction site. Conclusions and future research works are also made in this paper,

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.80-91
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• 2007

Crack in Pavements have been continually increased a by water penetration Therefore, the cracks can result in deterioration of the pavements that could be extremely dangerous fro road users. Creak sealing work performed in outdoor is very dangerous, costly and labor intensive. To slove these problems, automated crack sealing systems have been developed. it Would be needed that work information related to crack sealing must be gathered in an effort to used for existing or future crack sealing work. Furthermore, work information related to crack sealing could be utilized in analyzing work productivity and condition. The primary objective of this study is to propose a PDA and Web-based system for work information management of crack sealing which enables to effectively interchange work information between head office and fields, and to accurately collect work information. Finally, it is anticipated that the effective use of the developed PDA and web-based system would be able to effectively share work Information, measure productivity, estimate costs as well as plan future work schedule.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.1-11
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• 2010

This paper describes a design and implementation of an analog detector and a fire alarm system with recent technology on information and communication. A hierarchical architecture design from the detector to the main system enables to accommodate medium to large size buildings located nearby or far-away. And a software design from communication protocol to application program handles large amount of events efficiently to show information on a large LCD. A PC-based alarm system provides higher speed and larger capacity in a large LCD screen compared with foreign microprocessor-based small screen systems. Thus, very large buildings with several thousands of analog detectors can be easily covered in a single system. When an alarm occurs, a staff alarm scenario specially attempted only in the system is considered to play a major role to distinguish a real fire from unwanted alarms.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.34 no.12
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• pp.1061-1069
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• 2010

In this study, a simplified axisymmetric model is proposed for the problem of compressible internal flow past a microgap. Using numerical and experimental methods, the phenomena of choked flows are observed; these flows are induced by the acceleration of subsonic flows past the narrow cross-section of an annular shape made by a microgap. The relation between mass flow rate and differential pressure is obtained, and by comparing the result with experimental results, the reliability of the numerical results is discussed. The generation of a supersonic jet flow and its diffraction are visualized by performing the numerical analysis of axisymmetric compressible Navier-Stokes equations. This investigation greatly extends the physical understanding of the axisymmetric compressible flow, which has a wide range of engineering applications, e.g., in the case of valves in automotive power systems.