• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
• /
• 제37권4호
• /
• pp.414-424
• /
• 2010

This report describes recent advances in tissue culture, genetic transformation of commercial rose (Rosa hybrida) and in development of new rose cultivars by molecular breeding. Rose is one of major cut-flowers in global horticulture industry. Successful progresses were made in development of new cultivars for pathogen resistant, environmental stress resistant and petal color modification by molecular breeding. New cultivars, however, has not reported yet in korea, although lots of progresses were achieved in each field of conventional breeding, tissue culture and genetic transformation. Cooperation in these research fields will promote screening of useful genes to have specific traits on rose and exploiting of processes to improve in the efficiency of tissue culture and genetic transformation of rose, therefore, we hopefully expect that new rose cultivars by molecular breeding will be released in the near future.

• 한국자원식물학회지
• /
• 제35권3호
• /
• pp.399-404
• /
• 2022

Russian dandelion, Taraxacum kok-saghyz L.E.Rodin, is an important alternative source of natural rubber. Thus, it is critical to identify the best season for natural rubber production and harvesting for this species. In this study, T. kok-saghyz was grown in experimental fields in Korea to check the variation in rubber content with the change in the season. Studies using T. kok-saghyz plants indicate that spring and autumn are the best seasons for rubber accumulation. For several reasons, our study suggests that planting in autumn and harvesting in late spring is the best strategy for economic cultivation in Korea. Our data will be useful for future commercialization of rubber production from T. kok-saghyz because time will be saved if the plant is grown and harvested in the optimum season.

• Biodesign
• /
• 제5권3호
• /
• pp.122-125
• /
• 2017

Receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is one of the single transmembrane domain containing receptors and causes various inflammatory diseases including diabetes and atherosclerosis. RAGE extracellular domain has three consecutive IgG-like domains (V-C₁-C₂ domain) which interact with various soluble ligands including heparan sulfate or HMGB1. Studies have shown that each ligand induces different oligomeric forms of RAGE which results in a ligand-specific signal transduction. The structure of mouse RAGE bound to heparan sulfate has been previously determined but the electron density map of heparan sulfate was too ambiguous that the exact position of heparin sulfate could not be defined. Furthermore, the complex structure of human RAGE and heparin sulfate still remains elusive. Therefore, to determine the structure, human RAGE was overexpressed using bacterial expression system and crystallized using the sitting drop method in the condition of 0.1 M sodium acetate trihydrate pH 4.6, 8 % (w/v) polyethylene glycol 4,000 at 290 K. The crystal diffracted to 3.6 Å resolution and the space group is C121 with unit cell parameters a= 206.04 Å, b= 68.64 Å, c= 98.73 Å, α= 90.00°, β= 90.62°, γ= 90.00°.

• 방사선산업학회지
• /
• 제4권3호
• /
• pp.209-213
• /
• 2010

Bacterial blight is one of the most serious diseases of rice (Oryza sativa L.), and it has been known that Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) causes this disease symptom. To develop resistance rice cultivars against Xoo, 3,000 lines of $M_3$ mutants, which were irradiated with gamma ray, were tested by 'scissor-dip method' primarily, and 191 putative resistant lines were selected. In $M_4$ generation, these lines were screened again with various ways such as measuring of symptom of bacterial blight in leaf, number of tiller, fresh weight, and phenotypic segregation ratio in next generation. Finally, six resistance lines were selected. RT-PCR analysis revealed that these lines displayed high level of R-genes such as Xa21, Pi36, and Pi-ta. These results indicate that mutations by gamma ray cause disruptions of regulatory signal transduction systems of these R-genes. Furthermore, these selected mutants could be useful for the development of rice cultivar resistant to Xoo.

• 원예과학기술지
• /
• 제34권5호
• /
• pp.790-798
• /
• 2016

We quantitatively analyzed eight varieties of 6-year-old red ginseng, including four local landraces from the Inje, Geumsan, Jinan, and Punggi regions and four new varieties, Chunpoong, Yunpoong, Guempoong, and K-1, for 10 ginsenosides, acidic polysaccharide, crude polyacetylene, and total polyphenol content to find out which varieties are most suitable for producing red ginseng. Most of the new varieties contained more ginsenosides than the local landraces. While the acidic polysaccharide content of Geumsan red ginseng was lower than that of the others, its crude polyacetylene content was the highest, with a mean of 33.99%. The Inje, Geumsan, and Jinan red ginseng had a significantly higher total polyphenol content than the others.

• Mycobiology
• /
• 제42권4호
• /
• pp.427-431
• /
• 2014

Mitochondrial protein Nfu1 plays an important role in the assembly of mitochondrial Fe-S clusters and intracellular iron homeostasis in the model yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In this study, we identified the Nfu1 ortholog in the human fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans. Our data showed that C. neoformans Nfu1 localized in the mitochondria and influenced homeostasis of essential metals such as iron, copper and manganese. Marked growth defects were observed in the mutant lacking NFU1, which suggests a critical role of Nfu1 in Fe-S cluster biosynthesis and intracellular metal homeostasis in C. neoformans.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제30권9호
• /
• pp.1273-1281
• /
• 2020

Due to the broad host suitability of viral vectors and their high gene delivery capacity, many researchers are focusing on viral vector-mediated gene therapy. Among the retroviruses, foamy viruses have been considered potential gene therapy vectors because of their non-pathogenicity. To date, the prototype foamy virus is the only retrovirus that has a high-resolution structure of intasomes, nucleoprotein complexes formed by integrase, and viral DNA. The integration of viral DNA into the host chromosome is an essential step for viral vector development. This process is mediated by virally encoded integrase, which catalyzes unique chemical reactions. Additionally, recent studies on foamy virus integrase elucidated the catalytic functions of its three distinct domains and their effect on viral pathogenicity. This review focuses on recent advancements in biochemical, structural, and functional studies of foamy virus integrase for gene therapy vector research.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제34권7호
• /
• pp.1522-1529
• /
• 2024

CRISPR-Cas system is being used as a powerful genome editing tool with developments focused on enhancing its efficiency and accuracy. Recently, the miniature CRISPR-Cas12f1 system, which is small enough to be easily loaded onto various vectors for cellular delivery, has gained attention. In this study, we explored the influence of temperature conditions on multiplex genome editing using CRISPR-Cas12f1 in an Escherichia coli model. It was revealed that when two distinct targets in the genome are edited simultaneously, the editing efficiency can be enhanced by allowing cells to recover at a reduced temperature during the editing process. Additionally, employing 3'-end truncated sgRNAs facilitated the simultaneous single-nucleotide level editing of three targets. Our results underscore the potential of optimizing recovery temperature and sgRNA design protocols in developing more effective and precise strategies for multiplex genome editing across various organisms.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제35권6호
• /
• pp.1883-1886
• /
• 2014

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제23권3호
• /
• pp.304-312
• /
• 2013

The thermotolerant methylotrophic yeast Hansenula polymorpha is attracting interest as a potential strain for the production of recombinant proteins and biofuels. However, only limited numbers of genome engineering tools are currently available for H. polymorpha. In the present study, we identified the HpPOL3 gene encoding the catalytic subunit of DNA polymerase ${\delta}$ of H. polymorpha and mutated the sequence encoding conserved amino acid residues that are important for its proofreading 3'${\rightarrow}$5' exonuclease activity. The resulting $HpPOL3^*$ gene encoding the error-prone proofreading-deficient DNA polymerase ${\delta}$ was cloned under a methanol oxidase promoter to construct the mutator plasmid pHIF8, which also contains additional elements for site-specific chromosomal integration, selection, and excision. In a H. polymorpha mutator strain chromosomally integrated with pHIF8, a $URA3^-$ mutant resistant to 5-fluoroorotic acid was generated at a 50-fold higher frequency than in the wild-type strain, due to the dominant negative expression of $HpPOL3^*$. Moreover, after obtaining the desired mutant, the mutator allele was readily removed from the chromosome by homologous recombination to avoid the uncontrolled accumulation of additional mutations. Our mutator system, which depends on the accumulation of random mutations that are incorporated during DNA replication, will be useful to generate strains with mutant phenotypes, especially those related to unknown or multiple genes on the chromosome.