• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.61-74
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• 2009

This study identified the health, academic attainment, violence and abuse factors on predicting the conduct development and emotional symptoms in 'looked after children' placement. A sample of 1,543 children was interviewed regarding emotional and behavioral symptoms and risk factors. Logistic regression was used to assess whether selected variables predicted emotional and behavioral symptoms in 'looked after children'. All placement, health, academic, violence, and abuse factors differentiated behavioral and emotional symptom differences according to selected variables. Binary logistic regression indictors of conduct behavior symptom among 'looked after children', included gender, age, placement, health, violence, and abuse. Placement, health, reading ability, violence, and witnessing domestic violence further predicted emotional and behavioral symptoms. These findings highlight multidimensional approaches to address various vulnerability indicators that have a direct application to prevention and intervention efforts to designed for emotional and behavioral problems among children in public care.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.49-63
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• 2010

The current study examined the effects of socio-demographic characteristics and peer relations on the emotional, behavioral, and comorbid disorder symptoms among low-low-SES children, using the Young Lives Survey: an International Study of Childhood Poverty: Round 1, 2002. Participants were 1,000 8-year-old children (502 boys and 498 girls) from low-low-SES families. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, t-tests, post hoc test (Scheffe's method), correlations, and multiple logistic regression analyses according to the analysis strategy. There was a moderate correlation between selected socio-demographic variables and emotional/behavioral disorder symptoms, and the caregiver's marital status, child's health compared to others, child's work status corresponded to significant differences in their emotional/behavior levels. Regarding the logistic regression analysis, in addition to the effects of socio-demographic variables reflecting the characteristics of less-developed countries, marital status, child's working status, and conflicts with peers proved to be detrimental to emotional, behavioral, or comorbid disorder symptoms in low-SES children, who have been lack quality parenting, social resources, and child human rights. Results indicated the need to develop health care services that would address those problems and appropriate intervention and prevention programs targeting children in low-income families. Moreover, careful assessment and intervention for child's health status, child's working status and peer relationship problems are suggested as possible strategies for helping children at risk of exhibiting further problematic behaviors.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.453-461
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• 2010

Purpose: In this study differences in behavioral problems between children at risk for Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD) and normally developing children were identified. Further, relationships between parental stress, depression, and child behavioral problems according to ADHD symptoms were explored. Methods: Participants were 222 elementary school children and their parents. The ADHD risk group was determined by the Korean-ADHD Rating Scale. Data were collected using the Korean-ADHD Rating Scale, Korean version of Child Behavior CheckList (K-CBCL), Parenting Stress Index, and Beck Depression Inventory. Data were analyzed using t-test, Pearson correlation coefficients, and regression analysis. Results: 1) The ADHD risk group showed higher levels of behavioral problems, parenting stress, and maternal depression than the normal group. 2) There were significant relationships between ADHD scores and parenting stress (r=.66), maternal depression (r=.35), internal behavioral problems (r=.47), and external problems (r=.55), but, ADHD risk scores were negatively correlated with social competence (r=-.40). 3) The regression analysis revealed that ADHD levels affected the child's internal behavioral problems, mediated by maternal depression ($\beta$=.29, p<.001). Conclusion: The study results show that higher risk scores for ADHD indicate a significant effect for behavioral problems. Also, parenting stress and depression influence child's behavioral problems. These results suggest that identification of children at risk for ADHD and development of parental education programs would contribute to the prevention of behavioral problems and aggravation of the ADHD symptoms.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.462-470
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• 2015

본 연구는 사회경제적 차이가 아동의 뇌기능과 문제행동증후에 미치는 영향에 대해서 살펴보았다. 장애, 질병 또는 인지기능에 문제가 없는 저소득층(LIC) 아동 30명, 중산층(MC)아동 30명을 대상으로 2013년 1월부터 4월까지 뇌기능 분석과 K-CBCL을 이용한 아동문제행증후의 데이터를 측정 분석하였다. 연구 결과는 첫째, LIC아동은 MC아동보다 세타파(${\Theta}$), SMR파의 비율과 델타파(${\delta}$), 고베타파(${\beta}h$), 알파파(${\alpha}$):저베타(${\beta}l$)의 비율이 유의미하게 높게 나타났고, MC아동은 LIC아동보다 자기조절지수 주의지수 정서지수 항스트레스지수 브레인 지수의 값에서 더 유의미하게 높다는 것을 보여주었다. 둘째, 아동문제행동증후는신체증상, 우울/불안, 사회적 미성숙, 사고의 문제, 주의집중문제, 공격성, 내재화, 외현화, 총 문제행동, 정서불안정에 있어서 LIC아동이 MC아동에 비해서 더 유의미하게 높았고, MC아동은 사회성, 학업수행능력, 총 사회능력에서 LIC아동보다 유의미하게 높았다. 결론적으로, LIC아동과 MC아동의 사회경제적 차이가 상기 뇌기능과 문제행동증후에 영향을 미치는 것으로 밝혀졌다.

• 재활치료과학
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.73-86
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• 2020

목적 : 본 연구의 목적은 여대생의 인지(자책, 숙고) 및 행동적 회피요인과 수면의 질의 관계에서 우울증상의 매개효과를 검증하는 것이다 연구방법 : 본 연구는 지역사회 1,000명의 여대생을 대상으로 우울증상(CES-D), 반추적 반응(K-RRS), 인지-행동 회피(CBAS), 수면의 질(PSQI)을 평가하였다. 최종 분석대상은 총 947명이었다. 자료분석은 SPSS 18.0과 AMOS 22.0 통계프로그램을 사용하였다. 결과 : 첫째, 자책과 수면의 질의 관계에서 우울증상의 완전매개효과가 유의미한 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 숙고와 수면의 질의 관계에서 우울증상의 매개효과는 유의하지 않았으며, 숙고는 우울증상을 예측하지 않았다. 셋째, 행동적 회피와 수면의 질의 관계에서 우울증상의 매개효과가 유의미한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 행동적 회피는 수면의 질을 직접적으로 예측하였다. 결론 : 본 연구는 지역사회의 일반 여대생의 우울증상과 수면문제에 대한 자책의 더 병리적인 특성을 숙고와 비교하여 입증하였다. 또한 수면문제에 영향을 미치는 우울증상과 행동적 회피 요인의 주요한 역할을 밝혔다는데 의의가 있다.

• Journal of mucopolysaccharidosis and rare diseases
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.29-33
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• 2021

Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS) is a neurodevelopmental genomic imprinting disorder involving a lack of gene expression from the paternal chromosome 15q11-q13 region. This is typically due to paternal 15q11-q13 deletions (in approximately 60% of cases), maternal uniparental disomy 15, or when both 15s are from the mother (about 35% of cases). An imprinting center controls the expression of imprinted genes in the chromosome 15q11-q13 region. PWS is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by mental retardation and distinct physical, behavioral, and psychiatric features. Characteristic behavioral disturbances in PWS include excessive interest in food, skin picking, difficulty with a change in routine, temper tantrums, obsessive and compulsive behaviors, and mood fluctuations. Individuals with PWS typically have intellectual disabilities (borderline to mild/moderate mental retardation) and exhibit a higher overall level of behavior disturbances compared to individuals with similar intellectual disabilities. This condition severely limits social adaptations and quality of life. Different factors have been linked to the intensity and form of these behavioral disturbances, but there is no consensus regarding the cause. Consequently, there is still controversy surrounding management strategies and there is a need for new data. PWS is a multisystem disorder. Family members, caregivers, physicians, dieticians, and speech-language pathologists all play an important role in the management and treatment of symptoms in an individual with PWS. Here we analyze behavioral problems in children and adults with PWS by age and review appropriate management and treatment strategies for these symptoms.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.61-74
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• 2007

Adolescents from stepfamilies have been considered as at-risk group of mental and behavioral problems. This study aims to determine whether there is a group difference of emotional or behavior disturbance between young people in step and non-stepfamilies and whether risk factors linked to emotional and behavior symptoms of young people in stepfamilies are different from those of girls in non-stepfamilies. The study used 'the Mental Health of Children and Young People in Great Britain, 2004 (MHCYP 2004)'. In the MHCYP 2004, the Rutter Problem Behavior Questionnaire, the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), and Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) were administered to parents, teachers, and children drawn from young people aged 5-17 living in private households in England, Scotland (including the Highlands and Islands) and Wales. The total of 2,471 samples of aged 13 through 17 from them were selected for this study. The selected data was analyzed using SPSS. The findings showed group differences in emotional and behavior symptoms between young people in step and non-stepfamilies: Young people from stepfamilies were more emotional and have behavioral disturbances than those from nonstepfamilies. The result also confirmed the different risk factors associated with emotional behavior problems. The study supports that professionals need to develop effective treatment and preventive approaches designed for young people in stepfamilies who may have different risk factors different from those in non-stepfamilies.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.106-112
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• 2022

Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the clinical and psychological factors influencing depressive symptoms in children and adolescents with epilepsy. Methods: We administered self-reported questionnaires assessing children's depressive symptoms (Children's Depression Inventory, CDI) and anxiety (Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale, RCMAS) to children and adolescents with epilepsy (n=87, age range=6-17 years). We asked their parents to complete questionnaires on epilepsy-related variables, parental stress (Questionnaire on Resources and Stress, QRS), parental anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, STAI), family functioning (Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale, FACES), children's attention problems (Abbreviated Conners Parent Rating Scale Revised, CPRS), and children's behavioral problems (Korean Child Behavior Checklist, K-CBCL). Stepwise multiple regression analysis was performed to identify predictive variables affecting depressive symptoms. Results: Family adaptability (r=-0.240, p=0.026), family cohesion (r=-0.381, p<0.001), children's attention problems (r=0.290, p=0.006), children's anxiety (r=0.714, p<0.001), children's behavioral problems (r=0.371, p<0.001), parental anxiety (r=0.320, p=0.003), and parental stress (r=0.335, p=0.002) were significantly correlated with children's depressive symptoms. Children's anxiety (β=0.655, p<0.001) and parental stress (β=0.198, p=0.013) were significantly related to their depressive symptoms (adjusted R²=0.539). Conclusion: Clinicians should detect and manage children's anxiety and parental stress, which may affect depressive symptoms in children and adolescents with epilepsy.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.161-167
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• 2019

Objectives: This study investigated quality of life in Korean juvenile inmates with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and the impact of behavioral and emotional problems on quality of life. Methods: In total, 200 inmates were evaluated using the Korean version of the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (K-MINI) and the Korean version of the Kiddie-Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia-Present and Lifetime (K-SADS-PL-K). We extracted the inmates with ADHD and evaluated their quality of life, behavioral problems, and emotional problems with the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) and the Korean Youth Self Report (K-YSR) scale. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis were conducted. Results: Among the 200 total inmates, 68 were diagnosed with ADHD by the K-SADS-PL-K. Most of the correlations between PedsQL scores and K-YSR items were significant. Multiple regression analysis showed that PedsQL could be predicted by affective problems (among the DSM-oriented scales of the K-YSR) and attention problems (among the syndrome scales of the K-YSR). Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that, among juvenile inmates with ADHD, quality of life was negatively correlated with most behavioral and emotional problems. Meanwhile, the significant influence of affective and attention problems on inmates' quality of life suggests the necessity of comprehensive treatments for this group.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제59권10호
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• pp.414-420
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• 2016

Purpose: We investigated behavioral problems, attention problems, and cognitive function in children and adolescents born small for gestational age (SGA). Methods: Forty-six SGA children born at term and 46 appropriate for gestational age (AGA) children born at term were compared. Psychiatric symptoms were examined with reference to the Korean-Child Behavior Checklist, Korean-Youth Self Report, and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Rating Scale (ADHD-RS). Cognitive function was estimated using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale. Sociodemographic data were recorded from interviews. Results: SGA children had high scores on delinquent behavior, aggressive behavior, and the externalizing scale, and they also showed a propensity for anxiety and depression. The SGA group had a higher mean ADHD-RS score than the AGA group ($10.52{\pm}8.10$ vs.$9.93{\pm}7.23$), but the difference was not significant. The SGA group had a significantly lower verbal intelligence quotient (IQ) than the AGA group, but the mean scores of both groups were within normal limits. Conclusion: This study indicates marked behavioral problems, such as delinquency, aggressiveness, and anxiety and depression, as well as low verbal IQ in the SGA group than in the AGA group. Even in cases in which these symptoms are not severe, early detection and proper treatment can help these children adapt to society.