• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
• /
• v.19 no.3
• /
• pp.335-345
• /
• 2010

This paper assessed environmental impacts of marine sand mining on coastal areas and Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZs) of Korea, and diagnosed problems of the related assessment statements for suggesting key assessment items (scoping) and system improvement. To mitigate conflicts and environmental impacts caused by large-scale, concentrated sand mining, we suggest it is critical to promote sustainable and eco-friendly utilization of marine resources while listening opinions from various stakeholders and analyzing alternative plans. Especially, it should be mandatory as a scoping item to provide verifiable data on the amount of sand, potential and accumulative impacts by mining, and key assessment items (e.g. erosion and sedimentation by submarine topography, benthic change, spreading of suspended solids, water pollution, grain-size change, and impact on fisheries resources). We also suggest that postassessment and monitoring should be improved to enable tracking of environmental impacts caused by sand mining through seasonal monitoring together with intermittent short-term surveys. In addition, effective measures to mitigate the impacts is also essential. As repeated sand mining at large-scale can damage marine ecosystems by long-term accumulated impacts, we suggest that assessment systems and regulatory policies should be developed and established, especially for ensuring reliability of assessment and review on selected major sandmining projects.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Organic Agriculture Conference
• /
• 2001.10a
• /
• pp.192-206
• /
• 2001

A major challenge in the transition from conventional to organic production in a grain intensive region such as the Com Belt legion of the U.S.A. is how to profitably select and manage a crop relation. The opportunity cast of forgoing grain production for forage and green manure crops is significant. Many organic researchers and writers emphasize the need to bring an animal enterprise into the farming system for diversification and enhanced labor utilization. Livestock also add value to grain and forage crops to offset decreased grain production and can recapture nutrients used in crop production that can be recycled through manure. In grain intensive regions, organic farmers should consider swine production as a natural fit for the farming system. Swine are very efficient and adaptable animals that can add value to both grain and forage crops. While somewhat lacking, there is a reasonable body of literature on organic and sustainable swine production. However, there is relatively little specific information available to organic farmers to assist in the initial decision to enter organic swine production and to evaluate marketing alternatives. The primary focus of this paper is to give some background on organic animal production(emphasis on swine) in the Central United States and outline production and marketing decisions and considerations, relative to market trends, demographics and standards(U.S.). At the farm level, decisions must be made regarding resources, such as land, labor, financial and social capital, all relative to opportunities, all in the context of the standards and market forces beyond the farm. At the personal level the farmer must also make decisions about convictions regarding organic or environmentally friendly agriculture, willingness to change, impacts on lifestyle and family, and the transition to organic methods within the planning horizon of the farmer and the family business.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
• /
• v.23 no.5
• /
• pp.202-210
• /
• 2014

The EXPO Ocean Park in Yeosu has taken on the apsect of a theme park and has specialized facilities. But the outdoor circulation system that has been used by Expo 2012 Yeosu Korea still remained. These conditions can occur unused circulation and a long walk between facilities. The Purpose of this study is to suggest the improvement of circulation system that uses walking and outdoor space at the Expo Ocean Park in Yeosu. The following researches are drawn based upon the purpose. First, Definition and existing academic literature of theme park is considered. Second, the type, utilization condition, and circulation of outdoor facilities of Expo Ocean Park are investigated through the field survey and analysis. The field survey is conducted on the Expo Ocean Park in Yeosu for five times from October. 2013 to March. 2014. The data is collected through the photographed outdoor park and interviewing the staff of 2012 Yeosu World Expo Foundation. Third, the case study on outdoor circulation of waterside park and park with amusement facilities that are similar to Expo Ocean Park are examined. The result of this study is expected to seek sustainable management of Expo Ocean Park for maximizing local resident and visitors' satisfaction and improving effective park image. Since the field survey was conducted before the park is reopened and The Expo Ocean Park is on the improve through the this study at present, the verification of improvement scheme based on Post-Occupancy Evaluation(POE) is needed for future study.

• Proceedings of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society Conference
• /
• 2004.02a
• /
• pp.220-237
• /
• 2004

China, as a developing country with a great number of population and relatively less energy resources, reasonably emphasizes the nuclear energy utilization development. For the long term sustainable energy supply, as for nuclear application the basic strategy of PWR-FBR-Fusion has been settled and envisaged. Due to the economy and experience reasons the nuclear power and technology development with a moderate style are kept in China up to now. In China mainland apart from two NPPs with the total capacity of 2.1 GWe in operation, four NPPs are under construction and two NPPs are planned for the Tenth Five Year Plan(2001-2005). Also another one or two NPPs are still in discussion. It could be foreseen that the total nuclear power capacity will reach 8.5GWe before the year 2005 and 14-15 GWe before 2010 respectively. As the first step for the Chinese fast reactor engineering development the 65MWt China Experimental Fast Reactor(CEFR) is under construction. The main components of primary, secondary and tertiary circuits and of fuel handling system have been ordered. The reactor building under construction has reached the top namely 57m above the ground. More than one hundred components and shielding doors have been installed. It is planned that the construction of reactor building with about 40,000$m^2$ floor surface will be completed in the end of the year 2002 and envisaged that the first criticality of the CEFR will be in the end of 2005. The second step of the Chinese fast reactor engineering development is a 300MWe Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor which is only under consideration up to now. Some important technical selections have been settled, but its design has not yet started.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
• /
• v.58 no.4
• /
• pp.573-580
• /
• 2020

Hydrogen emerged as a sustainable transport energy source. To increase hydrogen utilization, hydrogen refueling stations must be available in many places. However, this requires large-scale financial investment. This paper proposed a methodology for selecting the optimal location to maximize the use of hydrogen charging stations. The location of gas stations and natural gas charging stations, which are competing energy sources, was first considered, and the expected charging demand of hydrogen cars was calculated by further reflecting data such as population, number of registered vehicles, etc. Using k-medoids clustering, one of the machine learning techniques, the optimal location of hydrogen charging stations to meet demand was calculated. The applicability of the proposed method was illustrated in a numerical case of Seoul. Data-based methods, such as this methodology, could contribute to constructing efficient hydrogen economic systems by increasing the speed of hydrogen distribution in the future.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.80-93
• /
• 1997

Allelopathic compounds as naturally occurring herbicide have originally reported from local vegetation since B.C. 300. These compounds are known as secondary plant metabolites which released from plants into the environment often attract or repel, nourish or poison other organisms. In recent, many natural plant allelochemicals be used to attempt to biologically or ecologically control weed among worldwide weed scientists. Some allelochemicals have also used as fungicides, insecticides, and nematodicides, and were less than man-made agrochemicals to damage the global ecosystem. It makes efficient use of resources internal to the farm, relies on a minimum of purchased inputs. Some scientists selected for allelopathic activity when breeding weed-controlling cultivars of rice, sorghum, cucumber, surflower etc. Thus, this paper is focused on allelopathic compounds isolated from cultivated crop with the high potential of prospective herbicides. The most environmentally acceptable and sustainable approach to utilization of allelopathy for weed control is to develop plant cultivars with proven allelopathic characteristics. In rice accessions, there are 60 cultivars/lines which have known as allelopathic activity and some of these cultivars control weed more less 90% within certain radius of activity. These accessions are originated from 15 countries including Korea, Japan, USA, India, Philippines, Indonesia, Laos, Taiwan, Afghanistan, Mali, Pakistan, Colombia, Egypt, China, and Dom. Rep. From these cultivars, the most common allelopathic compounds identified in rice are p-Hydroxybenzoic, Vanillic, p-Coumaric, and Ferulic acids. In addition, allelopathic lines of the following crop have shown inhibition of weed growth : beet (Beta vulgaris), lupin(Lupinus spp.), com(Zea mays), Wheat(Triticum aestivum), oats(Avena spp.) peas(Pisum sativum), barley(Hordeum vulgare), rye(Secale cereale), and cucumber(Cucumis sativus). Thus, future allelopathy research must be designed its potentially phytotoxic propertices and the ecotoxic features of the allelochemicals from release to degradation ; its ecological sustainability, its allelopathic effect in early growth. stages, and selectivity properties in combination with chemical stages, and selectivity properties in combination with chemical concentrations. Also, research approach in allelopathy might be screened for highly allelopathic germplasm collection of crops, the idea being to ultimately transfer this agronomic character into improved cultivars by either conventional breeding or other genetic transfer techniques.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
• /
• v.34 no.2
• /
• pp.169-172
• /
• 2018

National parks are designated and managed for the purpose of preserving natural ecosystems, nature and cultural scenery, and promoting sustainable utilization in Korea. Since we designated Jirisan as the first Korean national park in 1967, we have now designated and managed 22 national parks. Because these national parks are the core protected areas of the nation and the ecological recreation center for the people, the interests of researchers related to national parks and citizens have steadily increased over the last 50 years. Especially, various natural science researches and social studies on national parks have been conducted with the launch of the Korea National Park Service in 1987, which is dedicated to national park management. However, we still lack research on national park research trends in Korea in spite of the increase in scientific research and public interest. It is important to know who and what institutes are leading national parks research, what research topics have been conducted, what kinds of researches are important in each national park, and how these researches relate to national park management policies. We propose a study to review the national parks related studies that have been carried out so far and identify the research trends. In the pilot study, we collected about 700 research papers on national parks published between 2002 and 2016 through the Korea Citation Index of Korean journals. We are analyzing the number of papers published, research institutes and research topics related to national parks. Analysis of these national park research trends will be necessary for efficient national park management and policy making for future generations.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
• /
• 2009.04a
• /
• pp.327-331
• /
• 2009

Covering structures and elevated road of Cheonggyecheon are the by-products of the developing era when functionality and efficiency were emphasized. Historic river restoration project around Cheonggyecheon which had been emerged as a threat to the safety of the citizens due to its corrosion and structural defects as time passes had been performed during the period from July, 2003 through October, 2005 under the slogan of future-oriented urban environment creation. By dint of this river restoration project, its value is being heightened as almost all the rivers of Seoul including Seongbukcheon, Chungreungcheon and Honghaecheon have been arranged by inter-active linkage. In addition, this river is becoming a place frequented by the numerous visitors at home and aborad by providing the citizens with an attractive space for utilizing leisure time. Currently in the diversified areas, an academic research on the Cheonggyecheon restoration is under progress. In this study, sampled questionnaire for the visitors was carried out by site visit with the necessity of users' satisfaction survey in terms of revitalization of pedestrian space of the city street. As a result of this, natural restoration and provision of leisure space were surveyed to be highly assessed in terms of satisfaction and insufficient provision of convenience facilities including toilet and parking space was pointed out as a matter to be improved. As Cheonggyecheon is invigorated from the obstacle of urban environment through its epochal restoration, its value provided to us will be evaluated and by supplementing the deduced problems, we intend to find its meaning in our hope that this would become a sustainable future assets providing a basic data.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
• /
• v.46 no.3
• /
• pp.273-282
• /
• 2016

The establishment of a DNA barcode database at the regional scale and assessments of the utility of DNA barcodes are crucial for conservation biology and for the sustainable utilization of biological resources. Schisandraceae is a small family consisting of ca. 45 species. It contains many economically important species, such as Schisandra chinensis, which is widely used as a source in tonic beverages and in oriental medicine. In Korea, three species, S. chinensis, S. repanda, and Kadsura japonica, are distributed. We evaluated the level of variation of the DNA sequences of rbcL, matK, and the ITS regions from 13 accessions representing the distributional range of the three species. The three DNA barcode regions were easily amplified and sequenced. The minimum values of the interspecific genetic distances among S. chinensis, S. repanda, and K. japonica either separately or in combination are 4- to 23-fold higher than the maximum value of the intraspecific distance, showing that there is a clear DNA barcoding gap in the regions for Korean Schisandraceae. Phylogenetic analyses of the three DNA barcode regions, separately and simultaneously, indicate that all of the DNA barcode regions are useful for identifying a species of Schisandraceae in Korea. The distinctiveness of the three species of Schisandraceae was also supported at the species level when Chinese and Japanese populations were added. The results of this study indicate that three concatenated regions constitute the best option for DNA barcoding in Schisandraceae in Korea.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.13-24
• /
• 2011

This study is to make the preservation plan for sustainable preservation restoration of Namsa-Yedamchon, Sancheong-gun, Gyeongsangnam-do through analyzing the site's characteristics and prototype landscape. Namsa-Yedamchon proudly presents ancient traditions and various historic resources. And several development plan and projects associated with historic resources of this site are in progress. Therefore, it was carried out to make master plan of Namsa-Yedamchon for preserving various prototype landscape. To achieve this, literature search, field survey, local residents' interview and the estimation of value on each prototype landscape were carried out. In literature search, it was analyzed to the previous studies related to this study and past data was collected like past picture, antique books, articles and so on. In field survey, it was carried out to analyze the present condition and the problems of prototype landscape in this site. In addition, the progress of landscape change in this site was analyzed through local residents' interview. The estimation of value on each prototype landscape was carried out to set up the appropriate preservation directions and preservation scope through selecting more important prototype landscape among them. Through these steps, the master plan was deducted and it was divided into 3 type; preservation conservation zone, restoration maintenance zone and renovation utilization according to landscape components, preservation scope, surroundings and so on.