• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.563-576
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• 2012

The Purpose of this paper is to establish development strategies for sustainability of environment-Friendly agriculture based on farm awareness analysis. To analysis farm management, a series of farm household surveys were conducted on farmers residing in Embong-Myun. The sample size of the survey is 108 respectively. As a survey result, satisfaction level about market stability and understanding of upper organization is high, on the contrary, awareness of related organization is low in a relative sense. Most of farmers reveal their intention to sustain environment-Friendly agriculture but future agriculturalist and an ageing society that one face as well. In order to establish development strategies for sustainability of environment-Friendly agriculture, an infrastructure should be consistently expanded. On the other hand, self-supporting ability of farmer's organization and education system attempt to expand for sustainability.

• Korea Science and Art Forum
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• v.30
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• pp.427-440
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• 2017

The objective of this study is to explore differential effects of the sustainability perceived by domestic and international participants in the MICE (Meetings, Incentive Travel, Convention, and Exhibition) held in the Republic of Korea and to examine the relationship between customer loyalty and perception of the sustainable MICE. In this study, 30 sustainability variables for the MICE were extracted and tested by the factor analysis, representing four underlying dimensions: economic sustainability, social sustainability, environmental sustainability and event sustainability. The results revealed that significant differences in these four dimensions of the sustainable MICE were perceived by domestic and international participants. The largest difference were perceived by domestic and international participants with respect to the environmental sustainability factor. The mean scores indicated that international participants tended to give higher evaluations than domestic participants. Second, there were statistically significant relationships among economic, environmental, and event sustainability factors and customer loyalty from the perspective of international participants. For domestic participants, only event sustainability had a vital relationship with customer loyalty. The study implied how policy makers and the MICE managers should adopt four dimensions of sustainability to establish a harmonious and sustainable MICE practices.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.35-43
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to analyze emergy flows of rice for evaluating the value of rice production and sustainability. Emergy analysis evaluates the sustainability of systems or processes considering all the inputs to make a product or a sevice. In this study, we analyzed the emergy flows and indices of rice productionand compared the regional emergy values using statisticcal analysis: input materials, hours per unit area(10a), and production costs. As the results, we found that the rates of external investment (EIR= 18.87) and environmental loading (ELR=21.7) are significantly high during the rice cultivation. However, emergy yield ratio(EYR) shows that rice is a valuable resource because EYR is 5.12 and environmental Sustainability IndexSI value is as low as 0.24 and it shows rice has low sustainability. This study also shows that Chungcheongnam-do has the highest SI value for rice production due to low environmental loading and abundant natural energy during rice cultivation. These results of rice emergy flows and sustainability assessments could provide a way of sustainable rice cultivation with decrease of environmental loading from fertilizer.

• Journal of Korea Planning Association
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• v.53 no.6
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• pp.87-99
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of municipal sustainability policy efforts on citywide $CO_2$ emissions. 25 cities in the U.S.A., which offer data on $CO_2$ emissions and are included in the top 50 largest cities in the U.S.A. according to its estimated population, were selected as study cities. This study utilizes the Sustainable Cities Seriously Index of Portney and selects data for the index at the city level. For analysis, this study employs correlation analysis, and OLS regression analysis. The results show that each city has around 30 sustainability policies and emits $12.76tCO_2$ per year on average. In addition, when the number of sustainability policies increases by one, the amount of $CO_2$ per capita decreases by $0.7tCO_2$. This means that the more cities employ sustainability policies, the less $CO_2$ those cities emit. The results of this study support the idea that active efforts on behalf of municipal governments toward the development of sustainability policies are needed to handle citywide $CO_2$ emissions.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.1288-1294
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• 2022

Hydrogen as an environmentally friendly energy carrier has received special attention to solving uncertainty about the presence of renewable energy and its dependence on time and weather conditions. This material can be prepared from different sources and in various ways. In previous studies, fossil fuels have been used in hydrogen production, but due to several limitations, especially the limitation of the access to this material in the not-too-distant future and the great problem of greenhouse gas emissions during hydrogen production methods. New methods based on renewable and green energy sources as energy drivers of hydrogen production have been considered. In these methods, water or biomass materials are used as the raw material for hydrogen production. In this article, after a brief review of different hydrogen production methods concerning the required raw material, these methods are examined and ranked from different aspects of economic, social, environmental, and energy and exergy analysis sustainability. In the following, the current position of hydrogen production is discussed. Finally, according to the introduced methods, their advantages, and disadvantages, solar electrolysis as a method of hydrogen production on a small scale and hydrogen production by thermochemical method on a large scale are introduced as the preferred methods.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.417-428
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to raise the necessity of ensuring sustainability of water infrastructures in economic, social and environmental sectors by using index that evaluates the sustainability centering on water supply and wastewater utilities. This study identified sub-indexes that should be stressed among different indexes in economic, social and environmental aspects and those indexes were compared by each clusters of cities. The principal component analysis was used to calculate the weights of the sub-indexes, and the k-mean cluster analysis was conducted to classify the clusters. As a result of the weighting analysis, financial independence, service revenue ratio, subsidy ratio, population coverage ratio, deterioration, stream/river ecosystem health and river water quality were found to be the major variables in assessing sustainability. Cities were then classified into two groups using the k-mean cluster analysis. The overall sustainability scored high in the economic sector was relatively satisfactory, but it was necessary to improve the environmental sustainability. The group with relatively good environmental sustainability showed low score in the overall sustainability and required improvements in the economic sector.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.351-363
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• 2020

The objective of this paper is to explore how board gender diversity affects corporate sustainability performance. Therefore, this paper examines the direct association between board gender diversity with corporate sustainability performance and the mediation effect of enterprise risk management (ERM) on this association. The study employed a cross-sectional survey method. Data were collected from annual reports, websites, and through the questionnaires that were distributed to Chief Financial Officers (CFOs) of all the listed companies of Dhaka Stock Exchange, Bangladesh. The partial least square technique of Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) approach was employed for data analysis. The result did not find support for the direct association between board gender diversity and sustainability performance in Bangladesh context. This implies that contextual factors, such as, male-dominant board, appointment of female directors based on family ties, lack of education and expertise etc. may discount gender diversity direct influence on sustainability performance. However, the study finds strong support for the mediating role of ERM use within the corporate structure. Further analysis of indirect effect suggests that ERM use mediates the relationship of board gender diversity and sustainability performance in full. This implies that in the Bangladesh context effective use of ERM is highly recommended.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.1181-1188
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• 2021

This research aims to analyze transglobal leadership which has an impact on bank sustainability with militancy and organizational culture variables as mediating variables. In addition, to evaluate militancy, cultural organizations exist to encourage bank sustainability. This is an explanatory research conducted using a quantitative approach in the form of a survey. The population of this study includes all Heads of Regional Offices and Head of Branch Offices of PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia is spread across Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Bali and Jayapura. This study uses a research instrument in the form of a questionnaire that has been tested for validity and reliability and secondary data. Quantitative data analysis was performed in the form of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis based on Partial Least Square (PLS) to answer the research hypothesis. The results show a significant and positive relationship between transglobal and militancy leadership, transglobal leadership with innovation culture, militancy with innovation culture, militancy with bank sustainability and innovation culture with bank sustainability. The novelty of this research lies in the use of militancy and innovation culture as intervening variables in the correlation between transglobal leadership and bank sustainability. The militancy variable is the new variable to be checked.

• Fashion, Industry and Education
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.40-51
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• 2018

Sustainability is an important topic within a variety of design areas, including fashion. The 'fast fashion' behavior of consumers is one of the big challenges that sustainable living faces. For the fashion industry, sustainability can be seen as a regulating ethos for higher quality and longer-lasting products, which I argue as embodying an intersection between sustainability and luxury. This study establishes a conceptual model for 'sustainable luxury' that can be implemented as a guide in the fashion design industry and education field. This paper will focus particularly on craft-based fashion within the industry. Through conceptual analysis and case studies, I analyze sustainable luxury through the scope of Soper's (2007) 'alternative hedonism', linking hedonic and selfidentity values as a foundation for the acceptance of and continued drive toward more sustainable luxury products. Unlike other studies which only emphasize the ecological and environmental aspects of sustainability, viz. green/eco design, this study explores sustainability as balanced with its four dimensions: environmental, economic, social, and cultural. Case studies will exemplify this redefined notion of sustainable luxury.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.45-57
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• 2011

As climate change and environmental degradation become more evident, the public's concern and knowledge on sustainable development requires planners to have regards to social impacts and long term economic viability, as well as environmental impacts. The main objective of this study is to analyze existing sustainability assessment tools for single detached houses. The most widely used oversea tools are selected. From analysis on the existing assessment tools, "Impact Estimator" by Athena Institute, "Bees 4.0" by NIST, "CASBEE for Home" by JSBC, "Envest for Housing" by Energy Saving Trust, "LISA" by Center for Sustainable Technology, "SBTool" by iiSBE (International Initiative for Sustainable Built Environment), it can be seen that the current sustainability assessment programs are in need of much improvement. The selected programs are analyzed on scope of program setting & running, data input & output, assessment categories, and strength & weakness. This study is to supplement the existing sustainability assessment tools for single detached houses, and provide information for the development of web-based program to assist architects or home owners to plan sustainable houses in Korea in the schematic design stage.