• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Environmental Biology Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.61-61
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• 2004

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.151-156
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• 2007

Antimicrobial action of phytoncide in the mouth decrease odor-producing microorganisms. Also phytoncide has malodor effect by reaction with volatile sulfur compounds. Phytoncide has excellent malodor effect in microbiologically and chemically. This study prove the malodor effect of phytoncide by use ferrous sulfate. So I try to make new treatment method for halitosis. I get the results as follows. 1. The difference of mean value of absorbancy was 0.849 between the mean absorbancy of deposition by add phytoncide to saliva and the saliva only. 2. The difference of mean value of absorbancy was 0.701 between the mean absorbancy of deposition by add phytoncide to distilled water and the distilled water only. 3. The difference of mean value(0.849) in saliva by existence of phytoncide was larger than in double distilled water(0.701) by existence of phytoncide. Therefore, phytoncide make more deposition in saliva than double distilled water by reaction with sulfur compounds. As the results, phytoncide reaction with sulfur compounds in saliva. It take malodor action in liquid state effectively. It is thought, only the toothpaste it knows from in the limit which does not have a side effect by the human body it adds in the oral cavity of the mouth rinse and with the fact that it will be able to use positively in clinic.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2010.02a
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• pp.294-294
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• 2010

CdS는 $CuInSe_2$계, CdTe계 이종접합 태양전지의 junction partner로 많이 이용되어 왔다. CdS는 전극으로 쓰일 뿐만 아니라 빛을 투과시키는 창문층으로 사용되어 높은 변환 효율을 나타낸다. 이종접합 태양전지에서 창문층은 가시광 영역에서 광투과율이 높고, 전기적으로 비저항이 낮아야 에너지 손실 없이 태양광을 광흡수층까지 투과시킬 수 있다. CdS 박막은 CBD법(solution growth technique), 진공증착법(vacuum evaporation), 스퍼터법(sputtering), 스프레이 열분해법(spray pyrolysis), 전착법(electrodeposition)에 의해 제조되고, 그 중 용액성장법(solution growth technique)이라고도 불리는 CBD법(chemical bath deposition)을 이용하여 CdS 박막을 제조하였다. CBD법은 다른 방법에 비해 제조 과정이 비교적 간단할 뿐만 아니라 제조 단가가 저렴하고, 넓은 면적의 박막 제조가 가능하며 재현성도 우수하다는 장점이 있다. CdS 박막을 제조하기 위한 cadmuim 이온공급원으로는 $CdSO_4$를 사용하였고 sulfur 이온공급원으로는 $SC(NH_2)_2$를 사용하였다. CBD법에서 박막의 물성에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 요인인 sulfur 이온공급원과 cadmium 이온공급원의 비, 용액의 온도, pH를 변화시켜 CdS 박막을 제조하였다. 각각의 조건에 의해 제조된 CdS의 박막의 두께는 Tencor P-1을 이용하여 측정되었고, UV-Visible spectrometer를 이용하여 파장에 따른 광투과율을 측정하였다. CdS 박막의 결정 구조를 조사하기 위해 X선 회절분석(XRD ; X-ray diffraction)을 하였고, AFM(Atomic Force Microscope)으로 표면 특성을 관찰하였다.

• Journal of Surface Science and Engineering
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• v.52 no.5
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• pp.246-250
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• 2019

Nano-multilayered $Cr_{25.2}Al_{19.5}Si_{4.7}N_{50.5}$ films were deposited on the steel substrate by cathodic arc plasma deposition. They were corroded at $900^{\circ}C$ in $Ar/1%SO_2$ gas in order to study their corrosion behavior in sulfidizing/oxidizing environments. Despite the presence of sulfur in the gaseous environment, the corrosion was governed by oxidation, leading to formation of protective oxides such as $Cr_2O_3$ and ${\alpha}-Al_2O_3$, where Si was dissolved. Iron diffused outward from the substrate to the film surface, and oxidized to $Fe_2O_3$ and $Fe_3O_4$. The films were corrosion-resistant up to 150 h owing to the formation of thin ($Cr_2O_3$ and/or ${\alpha}-Al_2O_3$)-rich oxide layers. However, they failed when corroded at $900^{\circ}C$ for 300 h, resulting in the formation of layered oxide scales due to not only outward diffusion of Cr, Al, Si, Fe and N, but also inward movement of sulfur and oxygen.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.36-43
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• 2000

The sulfur pressure and TRA(rapid thermal annealing) conditions of the fabricated SrS:CuCl TFEL devices were optimized to improve blue color luminance. The thickness of the phosphor layer of SrS:CuCl TFEL devices fabricated by electron beam deposition system was 6000 ~ 8000 ${\AA}$. The fabricated TFEL devices were annealed at 800 $^{\circ}C$ for 3 min. It was shown that the crystallinity of SrS:CuCl phosphor was improved by an increase in RTA temperature and RTA time. Blue color was emitted from the TFEL device with emission peak wavelength of 468 nm and 500 nm. The CIE color coordinates were x = 0.21, y = 0.33. The luminance($L_{40}$) of TFEL device strongly depended on the sulfur pressure of deposition chamber and increased from 262 cd/$m^2$ to 728 cd/m2 as the sulfur pressure increased from $8{\times}10^{-6}$ torr to $2{\times}10^{-5}$ torr.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.119-123
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• 2011

Carbon nanotilaments (CNFs) could be synthesized on nickel catalyst layer-deposited silicon oxide substrate using $C_2H_2$ and$H_2$ as source gases under thermal chemical vapor deposition system. By the incorporation of $SF_6$ as a cyclic modulation manner, the geometries of carbon coils-related materials, such as nano-sized coil and wave-like nano-sized coil could be observed on the substrate. The characteristics (formation density and morphology) of as-grown CNFs with or without $SF_6$ incorporation were investigated. Diameter size reduction for the individual CNFs-related shape and the enhancement of the formation density of CNFs-related material could be achieved by the incorporation of $SF_6$ as a cyclic modulation manner. The cause for these results was discussed in association with the slightly increased etching ability by $SF_6$ addition and the sulfur role in SF 6 for the geometry change.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.69-80
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• 2014

It is often assumed that atmospheric observations at remote sites represent long-range transport of airborne material, and local influences are overlooked. We evaluated the impact of local input on the rainwater composition at Gosan Station, a strategic site for monitoring the continental outflow from Asia. We analyzed a 14-year record of rainwater chemical composition archived by the Korea Meteorological Administration and detected local terrestrial contribution for nitrate, sulfate and ammonium. We also measured the chemical composition of rainwater sampled simultaneously at multiple locations within the premises of the Gosan Station, from which local influence with meter-scale spatial heterogeneity could be discerned. We estimate that the local input accounted for at least ~10% of the wet deposition of nitrogen and ~12% of the wet deposition of sulfur during the 14 years. This highlights the significance of the local influence, which should be carefully assessed when interpreting atmospheric observations at this site.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.34-47
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• 2010

Long-range transport of air pollutants was simulated using Comprehensive Acid Deposition Model (CADM) and Yonsei University-Sulfuric Acid Deposition Model (YU-SADM). For the simulation, weather patterns that represent the four seasons were derived through a clustering analysis with 5-years of meteorological data. The simulation result showed that in spring, influenced by strong low pressure from China, air pollutants of moved to the Korean Peninsula. In summer, humid air moved into the Korean Peninsula across the Yellow Sea while the north pacific high pressure extended, making the concentration of air pollutants lower than that in the other seasons. In autumn, air pollutants were transported by the northwest wind caused by the movement of high pressure over the Yellow Sea, while in winter air pollutants were influenced by northwest winds from continental highs. The amount of air pollutants in each season showed that high amount of pollutants were transported in winter due to the strong northwest wind. The in-flows were 3 to 8 times higher than those of the other seasons, and out-flows were about as twice as high. The amount of wet deposition in summer and autumn increased significantly compared to the amount in the other seasons due to the increase of rainfall. Source-receptor relationship analysis for sulfur showed that 70 to 91 precent of the total deposition came from the self-contribution by the Korean Peninsula. In winter, contribution from China was about 25 percent of the total deposition which was higher amount than any other season.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.18 no.E1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2002

One technique for determining dry acid deposition fluxes involves measurement of time - averaged ambient concentrations of dry acid deposition species using filter packs (FP) coupled with estimates of mean deposition velocities for the exposure period. A critical problem associated with filter pack data comparisons between various field sampling networks is the use of diverse sampling flow rates and duration protocols. Field experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of varying sampling flow rates, from 1.5 to 10 standard liters per minute, on total nitrate and sulfate measurements of specific dry acid deposition species . Collocated FP samplers were used to determine sampling and analysis data reproducibility and representativeness . Ambient air samples were simultaneously collected using groups of filter packs operated at various flow rates over identical 7 day periods. The species measured were sulfur dioxide, particulate sulfate , nitric acid and particulate nitrate. Statistical results (ANOVA; alpha level 5%) showed that neither the low nor high sampling flow rates caused a significant difference in the measurements of total sulfate and adjusted total nitrate (ATN) . However, it was concluded that for high flow rate sampling measurements, total nitrate (TN) could be affected during extended sampling durations because of potential nitric acid overloading and breakthrough. Although the previous workers (Costello, 1990; Quillian, 1990) used much higher sampling flow rates (~ 17 sLpm) than employed here, it was assumed that for a high loading (> 50$\mu\textrm{g}$ HNO$_3$) of nitric acid on the Nylon filters, a significant fraction (~10%) of nitric acid could pass through the Nylon filters and be collected on the carbonate impregnated filters. It was concluded that even at the highest sampling flow rate employed (10 sLpm) at the Cary Forest site, nitric acid breakthrough was less than 10% of the total HNO$_3$ collected. However, for a heavily polluted urban airshed or with longer sampling times , higher filter loadings could result in substantial nitric acid breakthrough and HNO$_3$concentrations would be underestimated.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.805-808
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• 2010

In this paper, CdS thin films, which were widey used window layer of the CdS/CdTe and the CdS/$CuInSe_2$ heterojunction solar cell, were grown by chemical bath deposition, and effects of temperature of reaction solution on the structural properties were investigated. Cadmium acetate and thiourea were used as cadmium and sulfur source, respectively. And ammonium acetate was used as the buffer solution. The reaction velocity was increased with increasing temerature of reaction solution. For temperature <= $85^{\circ}C$, as increasing temperature of solution, deposition rate of CdS films was increased by ion-by-ion reaction in the substrate surface, and the crystallinity of the films was improved. However, for temperature <= $55^{\circ}C$, deposition rate was decreased resulting from smaller Cd2+ ion, and the grain size was decreased.