Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment

Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment (한국대기환경학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Assessing the Impact of Locally Produced Aerosol on the Rainwater Composition at the Gosan Background Site in East Asia

  • Han, Yeongcheol (Division of Climate Change, Korea Polar Research Institute) ;
  • Huh, Youngsook (School of Earth and Environmental Sciences/RIO, Seoul National University)
  • Received : 2013.12.04
  • Accepted : 2014.04.22
  • Published : 2014.06.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

It is often assumed that atmospheric observations at remote sites represent long-range transport of airborne material, and local influences are overlooked. We evaluated the impact of local input on the rainwater composition at Gosan Station, a strategic site for monitoring the continental outflow from Asia. We analyzed a 14-year record of rainwater chemical composition archived by the Korea Meteorological Administration and detected local terrestrial contribution for nitrate, sulfate and ammonium. We also measured the chemical composition of rainwater sampled simultaneously at multiple locations within the premises of the Gosan Station, from which local influence with meter-scale spatial heterogeneity could be discerned. We estimate that the local input accounted for at least ~10% of the wet deposition of nitrogen and ~12% of the wet deposition of sulfur during the 14 years. This highlights the significance of the local influence, which should be carefully assessed when interpreting atmospheric observations at this site.

Keywords

References

  1. Carmichael, G.R., Hong, M.-S., Ueda, H., Chen, L.-L., Murano, K., Park, J.K., Lee, H., Kim, Y., Kang, C., Shim, S. (1997) Aerosol composition at Cheju Island, Korea. Journal of Geophysical Research 102, 6047-6061. https://doi.org/10.1029/96JD02961
  2. Carmichael, G.R., Song, C.H., Sunwoo, Y., Ohara, T., Lau, A., Koo, Y.-S. (2012) Air Quality Modeling in Asia 2011. Atmospheric Environment 58, 2-4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.06.054
  3. Chuang, P.Y., Duvall, R.M., Bae, M.S., Jefferson, A., Schauer, J.J., Yang, H., Yu, J.Z., Kim, J. (2003) Observations of elemental carbon and absorption during ACEAsia and implications for aerosol radiative properties and climate forcing. Journal of Geophysical Research 108, 8634, doi:10.1029/2002JD003254.
  4. Cyranoski, D., Fuyuno, I. (2005) Climatologists seek clear view of Asia's smog. Nature 434, 128.
  5. Draxler, R.R., Hess, G.D. (1997) Description of the HYSPLIT_4 Modeling System. NOAA Technical Memorandum ERL ARL-224. NOAA, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA, p. 25.
  6. EANET (2011) The Second Periodic Report on the State of Acid Deposition in East Asia. Asia Center for Air Pollution Research (Part I. Regional Assessment), Niigata- shi, Japan, p. 270.
  7. EANET (2012) Data Report on the Acid Deposition in the East Asian Region 2010. Asia Center for Air Pollution Research, Niigata-shi, Japan, p. 313.
  8. Granat, L., Das, S.N., Tharkur, R.S., Rodhe, H. (2001) Atmospheric deposition in a rural area in India - net and potential acidity. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution 130, 469-474. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1013810007438
  9. Granat, L., Norman, M., Leck, C., Kulshrestha, U.C., Rodhe, H. (2002) Wet scavenging of sulfur compounds and other constituents during the Indian Ocean Experiment (INDOEX). Journal of Geophysical Research 107, 8025, doi: 10.1029/2001JD000499.
  10. Hong, S.-B., Jung, D.-S., Lee, S.-B., Lee, D.-E., Shin, S.- H., Kang, C.-H. (2011) Ionic composition comparison of atmospheric aerosols at coastal and mountainous sites of jeju island. Analytical Science & Technology 24, 24-37. https://doi.org/10.5806/AST.2011.24.1.024
  11. Huebert, B.J., Bates, T., Russell, P.B., Shi, G., Kim, Y.J., Kawamura, K., Carmichael, G., Nakajima, T. (2003) An overview of ACE-Asia: Strategies for quantifying the relationships between Asian aerosols and their climatic impacts. Journal of Geophysical Research 108, 8633, doi:10.1029/2003JD003550.
  12. Kang, C.-H., Kim, W.-H., Lee, W. (2003) Chemical composition characteristics of precipitation at two sites in Jeju Island. Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society 24, 363-368. https://doi.org/10.5012/bkcs.2003.24.3.363
  13. Kawamura, K., Kobayashi, M., Tsubonuma, N., Mochida, M., Watanabe, T., Lee, M. (2004) Organic and inorganic compositions of marine aerosols from East Asia: Seasonal variations of water-soluble dicarboxylic acids, major ions, total carbon and nitrogen, and stable C and N isotopic composition. In Geochemical Investigations in Earth and Space Science: A Tribute to Isaac R. Kaplan (Hill, R., Leventhal, J., Aizenshtat, Z., Baedecker, M.J., Claypool, G., Eganhouse, R., Goldhaber, M. and Peters, K. Eds), Elsevier, pp. 243-265.
  14. Kim, J., Li, S., Muhle, J., Stohl, A., Kim, S.-K., Park, S., Park, M.-K., Weiss, R.F., Kim, K.-R. (2012) Overview of the findings from measurements of halogenated compounds at Gosan (Jeju Island, Korea) quantifying emissions in East Asia. Journal of Integrative Environmental Sciences 9, 71-80. https://doi.org/10.1080/1943815X.2012.696548
  15. Kim, S.-B., Choi, B.-C., Oh, S.-Y., Kim, S., Kang, G.-U. (2006) Acidity and chemical composition of precipitation at background area of the Korean Peninsula (Anmyeon, Uljin, Gosan). Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment 22, 15-24.
  16. KMA (2012) Report of Global Atmosphere Watch 2012. Korea Meterological Administration, pp. 190-207.
  17. Kulshrestha, U.C., Granat, L., Engardt, M., Rodhe, H. (2005) Review of precipitation monitoring studies in India - a search for regional patterns. Atmospheric Environment 39, 7403-7419. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2005.08.035
  18. Kundu, S., Kawamura, K., Lee, M. (2010) Seasonal variation of the concentrations of nitrogenous species and their nitrogen isotopic ratios in aerosols at Gosan, Jeju Island: Implications for atmospheric processing and source changes of aerosols. Journal of Geophysical Research 115, D20305, doi:10.1029/2009JD013323.
  19. Lee, B.K., Hong, S.H., Lee, D.S. (2000) Chemical composition of precipitation and wet deposition of major ions on the Korean peninsula. Atmospheric Environment 34, 563-575. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(99)00225-3
  20. Lee, S.-B., Kang, C.-H., Jung, D.-S., Ko, H.-J., Kim, H.-B., Oh, Y.-S., Kang, H.-L. (2010) Composition and pollution characteristics of TSP, PM2.5 atmospheric aerosols at Gosan site, Jeju Island. Analytical Science & Technology 23, 372-382.
  21. Lim, S., Lee, M., Lee, G., Kim, S., Yoon, S., Kang, K. (2012) Ionic and carbonaceous compositions of PM10, PM2.5 and PM1.0 at Gosan ABC Superstation and their ratios as source signature. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 12, 2007-2024. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-2007-2012
  22. Losno, R., Colin, J.L., Spokes, L., Jickells, T., Schulz, M., Rebers, A., Leermakers, M., Meuleman, C., Baeyens, W. (1998) Non-rain deposition significantly modifies rain samples at a coastal site. Atmospheric Environment 32, 3445-3455. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(98)00042-9
  23. NIER (2011) National Air Pollutants Emission 2009. National Institute of Environmental Research, Republic of Korea, p. 235.
  24. Park, M.H. (2003) A study on long-term characteristics of ion composition and transport pattern of aerosol at Gosan, Korea. MSc Thesis. Department of Environmental Science and Engineering. Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea.
  25. Parungo, F.P., Nagamoto, C.T., Madel, R., Rosinski, J., Haagenson, P.L. (1987) Marine aerosols in Pacific upwelling regions. Journal of Aerosol Science 18, 277-290. https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-8502(87)90023-1
  26. Perry, K.D., Cahill, T.A., Schnell, R.C., Harris, J.M. (1999) Long-range transport of anthropogenic aerosols to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration baseline station at Mauna Loa Observatory, Hawaii. Journal of Geophysical Research 104, 18, doi:10.1029/1998JD100083.
  27. Ramanathan, V., Li, F., Ramana, M.V., Praveen, P.S., Kim, D., Corrigan, C.E., Nguyen, H., Stone, E.A., Schauer, J.J., Carmichael, G.R., Adhikary, B., Yoon, S.C. (2007) Atmospheric brown clouds: Hemispherical and regional variations in long-range transport, absorption, and radiative forcing. Journal of Geophysical Research 112, D22S21, doi:10.1029/2006JD008124.
  28. Soyol-Erdene, T.-O., Han, Y., Lee, B., Huh, Y. (2011) Sources and fluxes of Pt, Ir and REE in the Seoul metropolitan area through wet scavenging processes. Atmospheric Environment 45, 1970-1978. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.01.023
  29. Wang, Z., Xie, F., Sakurai, T., Ueda, H., Han, Z., Carmichael, G.R., Streets, D., Engardt, M., Holloway, T., Hayami, H., Kajino, M., Thongboonchoo, N., Bennet, C., Park, S.U., Fung, C., Chang, A., Sartelet, K., Amann, M. (2008) MICS-Asia II: Model inter-comparison and evaluation of acid deposition. Atmospheric Environment 42, 3528-3542. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.12.071

Cited by

  1. Variability of Atmospheric Radon-222 and Secondary Aerosol Components in Accordance with Air Mass Transport Pathways at Jeju Island, Korea, during 2011-2014 vol.37, pp.6, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1002/bkcs.10784
  2. Temporal Variation of Atmospheric Radon-222 and Gaseous Pollutants in Background Area of Korea during 2013-2014 vol.11, pp.2, 2014, https://doi.org/10.5572/ajae.2017.11.2.114