• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Structure & Construction
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• v.34 no.9
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• pp.19-26
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• 2018

The focus of this study was centered around 15 common injection type water leakage repair materials (3 different types for each; synthetic polymer, cementitious, acrylic, epoxy, urethane) used in concrete structures of Korea and analyzing their wet surface adhesion performance in accordance to the ISO TS 16774 Test Method for Repair Materials for Water-leakage Cracks in Underground Concrete Structures, Part 4: Test Method for Adhesion on Wet Concrete Surface, and the results of this study was taken to be place under a comparative analysis with the results of the preceeding study on response to substrate movement performance study. The results of this comparative study showed that other than 1 specimen of 1 type of the acrylic and 3 specimens of 1 type of the synthetic polymer type materials, all of the 93% of the specimens used in this study showed stable adhesion on wet substrate surface, and we were able to determine that materials that have proper response properties against substrate movement are highly flexible and have high adhesion properties, but their adhesion properties on wet substrate would change based on their viscosity.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.29 no.11
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• pp.670-676
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• 2019

We study substrate support structures and materials to improve uptime and shorten preventive maintenance cycles for chemical vapor deposition equipment. In order to improve the rolling of the substrate support, the bushing device adopts a ball transfer method in which a large ball and a small ball are mixed. When the main transfer ball of the bushing part of the substrate support contacts the substrate support, the small ball also rotates simultaneously with the rotation of the main ball, minimizing the resistance that can be generated during the vertical movement of the substrate support. As a result of the improvement, the glass substrate breakage rate is reduced by more than 90 ~ 95 %, and the equipment preventive maintenance and board support replacement cycles are extended four times or more, from once a month to more than four months, and the equipment uptime is at least 15 % improved. This study proposes an optimization method for substrate support structure and material improvement of chemical vapor deposition equipment.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2017.11a
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• pp.47-48
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• 2017

The substrate behavior response testing outlined in KS F 2622 evaluates the leakage cause of waterproofing membrane systems when subjected to the concrete joint load behaviors by removing the waterproofing layer after testing, relying mostly on visual observation and subjective analysis. A non-destructive leakage cause and failure type analysis method is proposed currently in this study by the means of detecting leakage paths using thermal emission imaging systems. Test specimens are placed in varying temperature conditions after the concrete joint movement testing and are scanned using the thermal emission camera to determine the location and dimension of the adhesion failure/leakage path beneath the waterproofing membranes.

• Korean Journal of Crystallography
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.166-170
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• 2001

Dopants implanted in silicon substrate affect the reaction between cobalt and silicon substrate. Phosphorous, unlike boron and arsenic, suppressing the reaction between cobalt and silicon induces CoSi formation during a low temperature thermal treatment instead of CoSi₂formation. The CoSi layer should move to the silicon substrate to fill the vacant volume that is generated in the silicon substrate due to the silicon out-diffusion into the cobalt/CoSi interface. The movement of CoSi at gate sidewall spacer region is suppressed by a cohesion between gate oxide and CoSi layers, resulting in a void formation at the gate sidewall spacer edge.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.116-120
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• 2013

This paper proposes a novel RF MEMS dc-contact switch with stiff membrane on a quartz substrate. The uniqueness of this work lies in the utilization of a seesaw mechanism to restore the movable part to its rest position. The switching action is done by using separate pull-down and pull-up electrodes, and hence operation of the switch does not rely on the elastic recovery force of the membrane. One of the main problems faced by electrostatically actuated MEMS switches is the high operational voltages, which results from bending of the membrane, due to internal stress gradient. This is resolved by using a stiff and thick membrane. This membrane consists of flexible meanders, for easy movement between the two states. The device operates with an actuation voltage of 6.43 V, an insertion loss of -0.047 dB and isolation of -51.82 dB at 2 GHz.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.62-69
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• 1995

In order to investigate the effect of TiN coating on corrosion fatigue behavior of metal, the rotary bending corrosion fatigue tests were carried out in 3% NaCl solution by using the round bar specimens of high-speed steel, SKH-9, coated with TiN by PVD method. From the experimental results, fatigue strength of TiN coating steel in air was obvious improvement as compared with that of the substrate because of the restriction of dislocation movement in near surface of the substrate by hard thin film. In 3% NaCl solution, corrosion fatigue life of TiN coating specimen in high stress level was improvement same as in air. But in low stress level, corrosion fatigue life of TiN coating one was equivalent to that without coating, due to much crack initiated from corrosion pits formed at the substrate by failure of coating layer.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.231-236
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• 2016

A three-electrode type reflective display (electronic paper) is designed to apply an independent electric field to each three electrodes of the cell including two electric-type of particles and electrically neutral color fluid, so single color realization is possible. In particular, the movement of particles and optical properties are decided by the electric field between two electrodes on the lower substrate. So, the effect of electric field by the distance between two electrodes on the lower substrate is studied with electrode spacing with $10{\mu}m$, $15{\mu}m$, $20{\mu}m$, and $25{\mu}m$. By our experimentation, the driving voltage induces more reliable movement of charged particles and the optical properties as compared with the threshold voltage. We ascertain the single color realization and non-inverted particle separation is possible. So the more desirable optical properties are observed in case of the short electrode like $10{\mu}m$.

• BMB Reports
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.166-171
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• 2009

Hsp70s assist in the process of protein folding through nucleotide-controlled cycles of substrate binding and release by alternating from an ATP-bound state in which the affinity for substrate is low to an ADP-bound state in which the affinity for substrate is high. It has been long recognized that the two-domain structure of Hsp70 is critical for these regulated interactions. Therefore, it is important to obtain information about conformational changes in the relative positions of Hsp70 domains caused by nucleotide binding. In this study, analytical ultracentrifugation and dynamic light scattering were used to evaluate the effect of ADP and ATP binding on the conformation of the human stress-induced Hsp70.1 protein. The results of these experiments showed that ATP had a larger effect on the conformation of Hsp70 than ADP. In agreement with previous biochemical experiments, our results suggest that conformational changes caused by nucleotide binding are a consequence of the movement in position of both nucleotide- and substrate-binding domains.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.153-162
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• 2023

It is important to determine water movement at the growing substrate used in soil-less cultivation for better management of water supply. Numerical simulation is a fast and versatile approach to evaluate highly accurate water distribution. The objective of this study is to simulate the water movement in rockwool as a soil-less medium using HYDRUS-2D. HYDRUS-2D was used to simulate the spatial and temporal water movement in two types of rockwool slabs (Floriculture (FL), high density; Expert (EP), low density). The simulation was performed at two pulse conditions: 10 min ON and 50 min OFF (case A), 20 min ON and 40 min OFF (case B). The total irrigation amounts were the same at both cases. In case A, during the irrigation ON, the water contents at FL increased 1.93-fold faster than the values at EP. Whereas, during the irrigation OFF, the decreasing rate of water contents at FL was almost the same as one at EP. At case B, these values were not changed much from case A. However, the duration of optimum water content (50% - 80%) was 15.0 min and 23.5 min at case A and case B, respectively. Thus, FL and 20 min ON and 40 min OFF (case B) could supply water to rockwool much faster and longer than EP. Once qualitatively validated, this simulation of water movement in rockwool could be used to design an effective optimum irrigation method for vegetables.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.233-236
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• 2006

A 3-D numerical simulation of a buried-channel CCD (Charge Coupled Device) with a deep depletion has been performed to investigate its electrical and physical behaviors. Results are presented for a deep depletion CCD (EEV CCD12; JET-X CCD) fabricated on a high-resistivity $(1.5k\Omega-cm)\;65{\mu}m$ thick epi-layer, on a $550{\mu}m$ thick p+ substrate, which is optimized for X-ray detection. Accurate predictions of the Potential minimum and barrier height of a CCD Pixel as a function of mobile electrons are found to give good charge transfer. The depletion depth approximation as a function of gate and substrate bias voltage provided average errors of less than 6%, compared with the results estimated from X-ray detection efficiency measurements. The result obtained from the transient simulation of signal charge movement is also presented based on 3-Dimensional analysis.