• Acta Via Serica
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.1-22
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• 2018

The concept of the "Seidenstrassen" (Silk Road) was created by the German geographer F. von Richthofen (1833-1905) in 1877. The "Seidenstrassen" means communication between China and the Roman cultural area. To prove the route of dissemination of silk, Richthofen not only focused on geographical substantiality, based on the routes of the Chinese Zhang Qian and the Roman Ptolemy, but also on etymological, historical, and religious sources. In fact, his Silk Road concept has the trade of silk as well as the humanistic ideas of cultural exchange. It is worth noting that in his book China, Richthofen presented the Silk Road as a space-time concept that considers the length of space as well as the length of time by highlighting humanistic examples that came into modern times through the Sea Route. Later, the English term "Silk Road" appeared in 1938, the Japanese term "シルクロ-ド" (sirukurodo) in 1939, and the Korean term "실크로드" (silkrodeu) in 1952.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.77-86
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• 2008

On account of increasing interest of substantiality in these day, it is needed to make an effort to establish an environmentally sustainable production system for the construction works. Although practical affairs and researches are in progress to reduce and recycle construction wastes, as a result of a research, there are still obstructive factors on waste reduction and recycling which they don't interact efficiently between waste disposal process of the construction area and waste disposal company. As a plan to revitalize reduction and recycling of construction wastes, this research focuses on finding obstructive factors and giving solutions to reduce and recycle construction wastes which comes from construction process and construction industries. To meet the needs of the research, firstly relatively significant construction wastes (concrete, soil, brick, block, asphalt, plastic, lumber) were identified. On site level interviews with management of disposal companies and construction sites were conducted as well, focusing on typical waste disposal process. Throughout this interviews, obstructive factors were conducted. A result of the research, the authors suggest an improved approach on disposal and recycling for construction waste by prioritizing the identified factors and ranking the importance level of each factor. And, by identifying factors obstructing reduction and recycle of construction wastes, this research suggests improved disposal process of construction waste.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.109-120
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• 1992

The auther reported the distribution of fisheries high schools and arrangement of curriculum in Japan in the forward report, and describes on the outer apparance and substantiality of education of fisheries high schools in Japan in the present report. 1. The rate of population to the number of fisheries high school shows 2,350 thousands in Japan, compared with 3,250 thousands in Korea. Then the rate in Korea is 1.4 times as high as that in Japan. 2. The rate of pupil to the whole regular instructors for fundamental subjects and for vocational subjects in the fisheries high schools, and also the rate to the instructors for vocational subjects show 10.4 and 16.3 in Japan, compared with 18.2 and 30.2 in Korea. Then the rate in Korea is 1.8 times as high as that in Japan. In addition to the instructors for vocational subjects. trainer and assistants for technical training-are employed in Japan compared with no such instructors or assistants in Korea. Then the rate of pupil to the whole instructing staffs in Korea is 2.4 times as high as that in Japan. 3. 81 percents of training ships in Japan are larger than 400 gross tons, which is extremely higher to that in Korea. The rate of gross tonnage of the ships to the number of trainees shows 6.2 tons in Japan compared with 1.1 tons in Korea. Also such large dimensioned training ships are newly built every other 12 years. the construction cost per 1 gross ton of such ships are said as 2.5 to 3 million yen, which corresponds to 15 to 18 million wons, and is over 3 times as much as that in Korea. 4. The basic education on the marine field is widely diffused in Japan. For an example, swimming pools are prepared not only in fisheries high schools but also in primary schools although it is rate even in fisheries high schools or colleges in Korea. 5. Almost all provinces which locate on the seashore have at least one fisheries high school and the curriculum is arranged to match the needs of local districts, then the management of school is tightly linked to the local government. 6. Entrance system is also flexible and recommended entrance system for successors of fishermen is settled. 7. Re-education of instructors for the new subjects which should be prepared to match the demands of ages are supported by local government in the aspect of time and budget. 8. The special two-year course for advanced seamen' s education is attached to some fisheries high schools and the graduates are qualified to get the third grade marine officer's or engineer's liscence.

• 지역과문화
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.25-47
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• 2019

This study was to investigate the sustainable regional ecotourism development and management of the Quinta Mazatlan World Birding Center & Edinburg Scenic Wetland World Birding Center in the Lower Rio Grand Valley, Texas, USA. In oder to identify the substantiality of these two institutions, sustainable tourism evaluation indicators were developed based on the previous researches. Data were collected in December 2016 and March 2017 at the two World Birding Centers. Official documents regarding the sustainable management of the two agencies were collected and interviews with the directors of both centers were also proceeded. The findings show that the two World Bird Center have adopted basic measures for environmental substantiality but have adopted various management techniques, especially for economic and social sustainability. In particular, Quinta Mazatlan World Birding Centers have developed twenty programs and events to attract four different target markets including children and adolescents, families with young children, and adults. It also secured income by donation as wells as admission and rental fees. Furthermore, the two World Birding Centers have provided diverse volunteer opportunities for the local residents. Practical implications of the study for the Korea regional ecotourism development and management were also discussed at the end.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.117-124
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• 2012

Recent years, many industries acknowledge that environmental substantiality of products must be an essential role and it is one of the major importances for industries to consider the environmental impacts of products at the early stages of product development. This study investigated eco-design parameters and $CO_2-eq$. emissions in each stage of raw material acquisition, manufacturing, transportation, use and disuse in life cycle of touch monitor stand based on Eco-Design. In this study, to fulfill of Eco-Design, the environmental impact assessment of through LCA(Life cycle assessment) was carried out with benchmarking monitor stand and we suggested the direction of new design of touch monitor stand mechanism based on eco-friendly considerations. New design based on LCT(Life Cycle Thinking) showed that the following eco-friendly considerations at the early stage of design to be helpful to reduce GWP(Global Warming Potential) [kg $CO_2-eq$.] in new monitor stand development and it is necessary for Eco-Design process of the product.

• English Language & Literature Teaching
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.99-118
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• 2011

Research on strategic Code-Switching (CS) of second language learners in teaching English in English (TEE) program provides an elaborate framework for analyzing how learners manage to express themselves in spite of their limited knowledge of the target language. This research presupposes that L2 learners' CS presents innovative solutions for communicative strategy, and that CS used as communicative strategy can promote L2 learners' language acquisition. The major questions of current research involve examining the significant patterns of different functions of CS in L2 learners' interaction and investigating L2 learners' CS styles according to the different functions of CS. The implication of CS utility is regarded as a teaching technique in the TEE program. Recorded transcript is analyzed to trace the same pattern and the categorization of CS as well as to recognize the functions of CS and their ratio. Hence, this leads to the conclusion that learners' negotiation between code selection and communication intention occurs in patterns. The learners' CS tends to be predictable, reproductive, and systematic, as one of the language acquisition phases. Therefore, the attention to the CS in the TEE program should be redirected in communication substantiality toward the principles of pragmatics. As an additional advantage of the CS analysis, this research elaborates on a conceptual acceptance of CS as a set of learners' strategies in the TEE program.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.309-333
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• 2016

This study is part of app development research based on user centered design which targets silver generation learners. The mathematical contents provided by Senior math application focus on Numeracy issues. In order to finalize the user interface and the mathematical contents which is for developing the mathematic application, teaching experiment was carried out through 9 senior learners. Also CIPP program evaluation model was used for monitoring the result of this teaching experiment. Factors such as 'educational objectives' 'requirement analysis' 'educational environment' 'curriculum' 'learning content' 'learning matter' 'interaction' 'program administration' 'supporting environment' 'satisfaction' 'study result' 'substantiality of learning' were checked and as a result the Senior Mathematic application was developed through these feedbacks.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.349-356
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• 2010

This study was to develop improving vocational basic skill program and content which are basic of instruction-learning ability for the vocational education substantiality. To pursue this goal, 'self-development capability' among vocational basic skills was developed through the research methodology and procedure. The interpersonal relation capability was selected as one of vocational basic skill areas when it was more effective by e-learning contents through literature review, expert conference etc. The self-development capability can be self-control and development under performing business tasks. In this study, self-development capability was programmed a interpersonal scheme, a cooperative capability, a leadership capability, a conflict management, negotiation capability, and a customer service capability. Especially this program was developed as a form of e-Learning contents focusing on improving problem solving under real case using multimedia strategies such as movies, simulation, game.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.06a
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• pp.117-120
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• 2007

Fuel cells are currently attracting tremendous interest because of their huge potential in stationary applications, in terms of substantiality of our energy use. They also offer environmental advantages, combining significantly higher efficiency with very much lower emission of SOx, NOx, and residual hydrocarbons, and significantly reduced $CO_{2}$ emissions compared to conventional power generation. The molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) was introduced from Fuel Cell Energy(FCE), which the one MCFC was operating by LNG and the other was operating by ADG. The ADG contains normally CH4, CO2 and various impurities such as sulfur compounds and siloxanes. Using the ADG as a fuel, MCFC have the potential to provide significant environmental and economic benefits. However, such impurities would be harmful to fuel cells. In this work, a purification process for the ADG was designed and installed in order to utilize the gas as a fuel for MCFC.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.29-41
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• 2017

Korea is expected to become a super-aged society by 2050. Given an aging population and the increasing pressure for the early retirement, a sufficient social safety net for elderly population becomes important. The Korean government introduced public reverse mortgage program in 2007, which is a product for aging seniors and the elderly, The number of reverse mortgage subscribers has also steadily grown. The demand continues to grow, but the reverse mortgage over a long period of time is a highly uncertain and risky product in the position of guarantee or lending institution. Thus, suitable demand prediction of the reverse mortgage subscribers is necessary for stable and sustainable operation. This study uses a Bass diffusion model to forecast the long-term demand for reverse mortgage and provides insight into reverse mortgage by forecasting demand for stability and substantiality of the loan product. We represent the projections of new subscribers on the basis of the data obtained from Korea Housing Finance Corporation. Results show that potential market size of Korean reverse mortgage reaches approximately 760,000-1,160,000 households by 2020. We validate the results by comparing the estimate of the cumulative number of subscribers with that found in literature.