• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.43 no.2
• /
• pp.30-39
• /
• 2015

The English Landscape garden and picturesque aesthetics, which was in fashion during the 18th to early 19th century in England, has been accused of making people see the actual garden in terms of a static landscape painting without a synesthetic engagement in nature. As new optic devices such as diorama, panorama, photography, and cinematography were invented, ways of seeing nature transitioned from a perspective vision to a panoramic, that is, modern one. This study intends to uncover signs of this kind of modern vision in the picturesque aesthetics and visual representation of landscape gardener Humphry Repton. German garden theorist Christian Cay Lorenz Hirschfeld contended that the English landscape garden was a new style of designing landscape that followed the principle of the serpentine line, which produced movement in sightlines; thus, he considered garden art as a superior art form among all other genres. The signs of visual motion appear in Repton's sketches of "Red Books". Firstly, he designed systemic routes in his clients' properties by considering different types of movements between walks and drives. Secondly, he often used the visual effects of panoramic views for his sketches in order to allow his clients to experience the human visual field. Lastly, he constructed sequences of sketches in order to provide his clients with an illusion of movement; in other words, Repton's sketches functioned as potential visual media to produce the duration of time in a visual experience. Thus, the garden aesthetics of the time reflected the contemporary visual culture, that is to say, a panoramic vision pertaining to visual motion.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
• /
• v.28 no.5
• /
• pp.921-932
• /
• 2015

This study analyzed military personnel survivability in regards to offensive operations according to the scientific military training data of a reinforced infantry battalion. Scientific battle training was conducted at the Korea Combat Training Center (KCTC) training facility and utilized scientific military training equipment that included MILES and the main exercise control system. The training audience freely engaged an OPFOR who is an expert at tactics and weapon systems. It provides a statistical analysis of data in regards to state-of-the-art military training because the scientific battle training system saves and utilizes all training zone data for analysis and after action review as well as offers training control during the training period. The methodologies used the Cox PH modeling (which does not require parametric distribution assumptions) and decision tree modeling for survival data such as CART, GUIDE, and CTREE for richer and easier interpretation. The variables that violate the PH assumption were stratified and analyzed. Since the Cox PH model result was not easy to interpret the period of service, additional interpretation was attempted through univariate local regression. CART, GUIDE, and CTREE formed different tree models which allow for various interpretations.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
• /
• v.19 no.3
• /
• pp.167-200
• /
• 2019

In recent years, the material has mattered to the humanities and social sciences in the West and feminism is no exception. It is a notable change that feminist analyses, which had previously shown critiques against science and technology, attempted to build new engagements with matter. STS (science and technology studies) has also accumulated scholarships and developed conceptual tools on the thing or the existence itself through "the ontological turn." The objective of this paper is not to introduce new materialism or new material feminism in full, but to reveal the possibility and potential of doing science, technology and women studies by selectively relying on the achievement of new materialism feminism. This article shows a way to study women's practice of science and technology by analyzing the case of plastic surgery practices through the ontological concepts of STS, particularly those of Annemarie Mol, Karen Barad, and Charis Thompson, and proposes a new engagement among new materialism, feminism, and STS. This article is organized as follows. First of all, after briefly discussing main issues in new material feminism, I will show the limitations of previous feminist studies of plastic surgery under the light of new material feminism. The rest of the article introduces the conceptual tools of ontological STS, describes plastic surgery practices with those tools, and finally provides their feminist implications.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
• /
• v.29 no.5
• /
• pp.292-304
• /
• 2019

Limestone joint surfaces with smooth roughness were experimented by means of both the individual direct shear tests based on the KSRM standard test method and the multi-stage direct shear test to apply the stepwise vertical stresses. Changes in the roughness of the joint surfaces before and after the shear tests were examined and the difference between the two kinds of tests mentioned above was analyzed. In both tests, the shear resistance increased as the joint roughness increased and the maximum shear stress required for shearing the joint surface increased as the vertical stress increased. The peak friction angle obtained by the multi-stage direct shear tests was only 63% of that obtained by the individual direct shear tests. In the multi-stage direct shear test, the initial engagement of the concave-convex parts changes frequently during stepwise shearing process, which deforms the original roughness of a joint surface. Accordingly, the individual direct shear test is thought to be more effective when obtaining the friction angle of the rock joint surfaces. Limestone joint surfaces with smooth roughness of JRC value 4~8 were found to have peak friction angle of $47^{\circ}$, residual friction angle of $38^{\circ}$ and cohesion of 37 kPa.

• 한국노년학
• /
• v.38 no.3
• /
• pp.481-499
• /
• 2018

The purpose of this study is to examine the impacts of smartphone use on structured social network types in the Korean elderly population. Data was derived from the 2014 survey of living conditions and welfare needs of Korean older persons collected by Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs. A total of 4,180 participants were selected for the Propensity Score Matching (PSM) analysis. Based on propensity score estimates, the 491 smartphone users (treatment group) and 491 featurephone users (control group) were matched. Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between smartphone use and structural social network types. The results showed that among retired older adults, people using smartphone had significantly better structured social networks than those using featurephone even after controlling for covariates. Smartphone users had the higher levels of social contact and social activity. These findings suggested empirical evidence that using smartphone positively affects structured social networks, which might be used as the basis for designing intervention programs to promote social networks and social engagement of retired older adults.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
• /
• v.30 no.2
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2021

Many factors such as wind direction, wind strength, temperature, and obstacles affect a munition's trajectory. Since these factors eventually determines the probability of hit and the hitting point of a target, these factors should be considered to obtain reliable weapon effectiveness data. In this study, we propose the extension of the MSDL(Military Scenario Definition Language) to reflect these factors to improve the reliability of weapon effectiveness data. Based on the existing MSDL, which has been used to set the initial condition of a military simulation scenarios, the newly identified subelements are added in ScenarioID, Environment, Organizations, and Installations as a scenario schema. Also, DamageAssessment and DesignOfExperiments element are added to make weapon effectiveness data easily. The extended MSDL enables to automatically generate the simulation scenarios that reflect various factors which affect the probability of hit or kill. This extended MSDL is applied to an integrated simulation software of weapon systems, named AddSIM version 4.0 for generation of weapon effectiveness data.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.315-325
• /
• 2021

The value and importance of Gamification has intensified as the way Gamification is applied to social networking applications has added to users' interest and involvement to the product. Gamification entails the adoption of gaming techniques and modes of thinking in non-gaming domains to elicit user engagement. To this end, the paper draws on Gamification's analytical model, Octalysis, with the aim of identifying user loyalty of the three major Chinese social networking applications and extracting their characteristics. In this regard, the first task in the advancement of the study is to establish an understanding of the components and characteristics of Gamification within the context of available examples. Next, a questionnaire survey covering China's three dominant social applications, WeChat, QQ, and Xiaohongshu, is administered and their user loyalty is examined through Octalysis's eight analytical frameworks. By virtue of analysis, the results demonstrate that the three elements of game mechanics, Point, Badge, and Leadboard, which are external to the game, fail to sustain the user loyalty, but are merely a means to an end. Only by including a combination of social application features, contents and user needs can Gamification considerations be maximized to ensure that users are subjectively engaged with the product.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
• /
• v.23 no.1
• /
• pp.149-176
• /
• 2022

South Korean law strictly prohibits engagement in medical activities by non-medical practitioners. In the country, tattooing is classified as a medical practice, and non-medical practitioners who engage in it are penalized because they are unauthorized to carry out this procedure. In reality, however, people rarely seek tattooing services from medical personnel. Arguing that their freedom of job selection is violated, non-medical personnel who make a living as tattoo artists reject the characterization of the procedure as a form of medical treatment and demand the decriminalization of tattooing by non-medical practitioners. Nevertheless, tattooing can cause health- and hygiene-related dangers when it is not performed by medical professionals because it involves penetration into the skin using needles. Hence, stringent management is necessary for infection prevention. The gap between reality and the law gives rise to the need for proactive thinking about the institutionalization of tattoo practice by non-medical personnel. Policymakers should reflect on the fact that only minimal tattooing services are currently performed by medical staff while also accounting for health and safety. On this basis, this study examined tattoo-related legislation in South Korea to determine whether the procedure corresponds to medical practice and identify ways to solve problems that occur from the perspective of health care. As a response that promotes safety and reflects reality, this research proposed a three-phase approach.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
• /
• v.42 no.1
• /
• pp.111-125
• /
• 2022

This study aims to investigate the effects of the ENACT project on promoting pre-service science teachers (PSTs)' views on the social responsibility of scientists and engineers. The ENACT project was designed to cultivate the social responsibility by integrating the theoretical framework of socioscientific issues (SSIs) education with problem-based inquiry approaches for the resolution of the issues. Thirty-two PSTs voluntarily participated in the project and completed the five stages over three months. Data was collected through a questionnaire to measure PSTs' view of the social responsibility of scientists and engineers (VSRoSE) and focus-group interviews. Results indicate that the PSTs presented statistically significant changes in their views of the social responsibility after the ENACT project. The mean scores of the five sub-dimensions of VSRoSE significantly increased. The interviews also supported that the PSTs had opportunities to seriously consider the social responsibility of scientists and engineers through epistemological exploration of science and technology (Cycle I), and problem-solving and action-taking (Cycle II). In particular, they agreed more on such responsibilities as consideration of societal needs and demands, pursuit of the common good, civic engagement and services using their expertise, communications with the public regarding potential risks, and participation in policy decision-making related to science and technology advances. Educational implications for SSI education and teacher education were suggested.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
• /
• v.13 no.5
• /
• pp.333-346
• /
• 2022

This study proposes a strategy to attract visitors by analyzing the justification for hosting the 2027 Summer World University Games in Chungcheong, Korea, as well as by assessing the internal and external factors to promote regional development. Using Environmental Analysis as the diagnostic approach, we focus on strength/opportunity (SO), strength/threat (ST), weakness/opportunity (WO), and weakness/threat (WT) analyses. SO analysis show that a matching strategy of mid- to long-term cooperation among the four cities and provinces in Chungcheong and development of local sports by promoting its linkages to science, and industry offer best strategic use-value. ST analysis shows that optimal infrastructure development and establishment of competition management strategies in preparation for non-face-to-face engagement make balanced regional development possible. WO analysis shows the need for rearrangement and renovation of outdated sports facilities, development of programs linked to convergence sports tourism products, efficient and strategic attraction activities, and promoting sustainable development of bed town cities. WT analysis suggests that the imbalance in regional development due to expansion of sports facilities, insufficient cultural contents in tourism, and tourism demand fluctuation are potential problems. Follow-up studies can focus on deeper analysis of the possibility and attractiveness of hosting the Summer World University Games in Chungcheong, Korea using qualitative methods such as focus group interviews and in-depth interviews with stakeholders and local residents.