• 폴리머
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.397-404
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• 2003

조직공학적 지지체에서의 골수유래 간엽줄기세포의 점착과 성장에 있어서 세포 점착성 단백질과 폴리펩타이드와의 상호작용을 조사하였다. 세포 점착성 물질로 알려진 단백질이나 폴리펩타이드는 락타이드-글리콜라이드 공중합체인 PLGA 필름과 지지체에 흡착하여 코팅되었으며, 이에 골수유래 간엽줄기 세포의 점착과 성장 거동을 비교하였다. 이들 단백질과 폴리펩타이드는 콜라겐 IV형과 피브리노겐, 라미닌, 젤라틴, 피브로넥틴, 폴리(L-라이신)이 사용되었다. 이중 폴리(L-라이신)을 제외한 단백질과 폴리펩타이드는 PLGA 필름 표면에 거의 단층으로 덮어져 흡착되었으며, PLGA 필름과 지지체에서 골수유래 간엽줄기세포가 1일과 2일, 4일간 배양되었다. 세포의 점착과 성장 거동은 sulforhodamine B법으로 평가하였다. PLGA 필름과 지지체에 단백질이나 폴리펩타이드가 흡착되지 않은 표면보다는 흡착된 표면에서의 세포의 점착과 성장이 우수하였다.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.185-193
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• 2013

최근 유구치의 치수절단술 약제로 MTA의 임상 적용이 문헌들에서 보고된 바 있으나 MTA 표면에서 일어나는 유치 치수 세포의 반응에 대한 시험관내 연구는 많이 보고되지 않았다. 이번 연구의 목적은 유치 및 영구치에서 유래한 치수기질세포가 경화된 MTA 표면에서 나타내는 증식 및 분화 능력을 비교 평가하는 것이었다. 사람 영구치와 유치 치수 조직에서 분리된 치수기질세포를 경화된 MTA 표면에서 배양 후 세포증식율과 세포주기를 검사하였으며, 정량적 역전사 중합효소 연쇄반응(RT-PCR)을 사용하여 분화양상을 분석하였다. Runt-related transcription factor 2(Runx2)와 alkaline phosphatase(ALP)가 정량적 RT-PCR의 표지자로 사용되었고, MTA 표면에서 증식된 치수기질세포의 형태학적 변화를 주사전자현미경 하에서 관찰하였다. 영구치와 유치의 치수기질세포군은 세포증식률, 세포주기 분포 및 mRNA 발현 양상에 있어서 차이를 보이지 않았으며, 주사전자현미경 상에서 두 군 모두 수지상 형태를 나타내었다. MTA 상에서 관찰된 유치와 영구치의 치수기질세포의 비슷한 증식력 및 광화를 유도하는 세포로의 분화능은 유치의 치수절단술 제재로 MTA가 생체친화적으로 적합함을 보여준다.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.548-561
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• 2015

By combining conventional single cell analysis with flow cytometry and public database searches with bioinformatics tools, we extended the expression profiling of thymic stromal cotransporter (TSCOT), Slc46A2/Ly110, that was shown to be expressed in bipotent precursor and cortical thymic epithelial cells. Genome scale analysis verified TSCOT expression in thymic tissue- and cell type- specific fashion and is also expressed in some other epithelial tissues including skin and lung. Coexpression profiling with genes, Foxn1 and Hoxa3, revealed the role of TSCOT during the organogenesis. TSCOT expression was detected in all thymic epithelial cells (TECs), but not in the $CD31^+$endothelial cell lineage in fetal thymus. In addition, ABC transporter-dependent side population and Sca-$1^+$ fetal TEC populations both contain TSCOT-expressing cells, indicating TEC stem cells express TSCOT. TSCOT expression was identified as early as in differentiating embryonic stem cells. TSCOT expression is not under the control of Foxn1 since TSCOT is present in the thymic rudiment of nude mice. By searching variations in the expression levels, TSCOT is positively associated with Grhl3 and Irf6. Cytokines such as IL1b, IL22 and IL24 are the potential regulators of the TSCOT expression. Surprisingly, we found TSCOT expression in the lung is diminished in lung cancers, suggesting TSCOT may be involved in the suppression of lung tumor development. Based on these results, a model for TEC differentiation from the stem cells was proposed in context of multiple epithelial organ formation.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.259-264
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• 2016

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Stromal cell-derived growth factor 1 (SDF-1), also known as chemokine ligand 12, and chemokine receptor type 4 are involved in cancer cell migration. Compound K (CK), a metabolite of protopanaxadiol-type ginsenoside by gut microbiota, is reported to have therapeutic potential in cancer therapy. However, the inhibitory effect of CK on SDF-1 pathway-induced migration of glioma has not yet been established. MATERIALS/METHODS: Cytotoxicity of CK in C6 glioma cells was determined using an EZ-Cytox cell viability assay kit. Cell migration was tested using the wound healing and Boyden chamber assay. Phosphorylation levels of protein kinase C $(PKC){\alpha}$ and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) were measured by western blot assay, and matrix metallopeptidases (MMP) were measured by gelatin-zymography analysis. RESULTS: CK significantly reduced the phosphorylation of $PKC{\alpha}$ and ERK1/2, expression of MMP9 and MMP2, and inhibited the migration of C6 glioma cells under SDF-1-stimulated conditions. CONCLUSIONS: CK is a cell migration inhibitor that inhibits C6 glioma cell migration by regulating its downstream signaling molecules including $PKC{\alpha}$, ERK1/2, and MMPs.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.17-21
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• 2018

Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is an interleukin-7-like cytokine that is an important trigger and initiator of many allergic diseases. TSLP promotes a T-helper type 2 (Th2) cytokine response that can be pathological. A relationship is formed both at the induction phase of the Th2 response through polarization of dendritic cells to drive Th2 cell differentiation and at the effector phase of the response, by promoting the expansion of activated T cells and their secretion of Th2 cytokines and TSLP. In transgenic mice with TSLP overexpression, it has been reported that TSLP leads to the development of mixed cryoglobulinemic membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis. In addition, TSLP can play an important role in the pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy and systemic lupus erythematosus-related nephritis. From our knowledge of the role of TSLP in the kidney, further studies including the discovery of new therapies need to be considered based on the relationship between TSLP and glomerulonephritis.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권8호
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• pp.3757-3761
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• 2014

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic significance of the CD56+NK-TIL count in infiltrating ductal carcinoma (IDC) of breast. Material and Methods: Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed using antibodies specific for CD56 on formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue sections of 175 infiltrating ductal carcinomas (IDC) of breast. Distribution of intratumoral and stromal CD56+NK-TILs was assessed semi-quantitatively. Results: A low intratumoral CD56+count showed significant and inverse associations with tumor grade, stage, and lymph node status, whereas it had significant and direct association with response to treatment indicating good prognosis. These patients had better survival (${\chi}^2$=4.80, p<0.05) and 0.52 fold lower death rate (HR=0.52, 95% CI=0.28-0.93) as compared to patients with high CD56+ intratumoral count. The association of survival was insignificant with low CD56 stromal count as compared to high CD56 stromal count (${\chi}^2$=1.60, p>0.05). Conclusion: To conclude, although NK-TIL count appeared as a significant predictor of prognosis, it alone may not be sufficient for predicting the outcome considering the fact that there exists a crosstalk between NK-TILs and the other immune infiltrating TILs.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.385-398
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• 2002

골수내 정상적인 혈구형성은 줄기세포와 주위의 미세환경 사이에 일어나는 상호작용에 의해서 좌우된다고 알려져 있다. 이때 미세환경은 성장요소, 기질세포 및 기질세포가 분비한 세포외기질의 복잡한 망상구조로 이루어져 있다. 골수의 세포외기질은 거대분자로 구성되어 있으며 이중 구성요소의 일부인 당단백이 혈구형성의 조절에 주요한 요소가 된다고 많은 학자들이 주장해 왔다. 골수의 기질을 이루고 있는 망상세포, 지방세포, 섬유모세포, 혈관내피세포 및 혈관주위세포 등이 분비하는 세포외기질에 여러종류의 laminin 동형체가 함유되어 있으며 여러 종류의 혈구형성에 주요한 역할을 한다는 연구보고가 있다. 저자는 골수내 종양을 치료하기 위해 빈번히 사용되는 cyclophosphamide가 골수에 미치는 영향을 규명하고자 실험동물의 혈구형성에 영향을 미치는 laminin-1의 발현의 변화를 골수의 기질세포에서 추적하고자 하였다. 건강한 SD계 흰쥐를 실험동물로 사용하여 cyclophosphamide를 체중 kg당 75 mg을 복강내로 1회 투여하고 3일, 1주, 3주 및 5주 후 희생하여 골수조직을 채취하여 면역조직염색법으로 염색하여 laminin-1의 골수내 분포의 변화를 관찰하였고, 일부 조직은 전자현미경표본을 제작하여 1차 항체(rabbit anti-laminin)로 반응시킨 후 직경 12 nm의 금과립이 섞인 제2차 항체(biotinylated goat anti-rabbit IgG)로 다시 반응시키고 uranyl acetate로 단일염색 후 전자현미경으로 관찰하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. Cyclophosphamide 투여 후 3일 경과군의 흰쥐 골수조직은 정맥동이 확장 되었고, 일부 조직이 괴사되었으며, 혈구형성세포가 감소되었다. 망상조직과 지방세포사이의 조직에서 laminin-1의 면역반응이 강하게 나타났다. 2. Cyclophosphamide 투여 후 1주, 2주 및 5주 투여군의 골수에서 laminin-1의 약한 면역반응이 기질조직에 계속되었고 혈구형성세포의 수는 증가되었다. 3. Laminin-1의 면역반응을 나타내는 금과립은 cyclophosphamide 투여 3일군의 골수 기질세포에서 가장 많은 수가 관찰되었고, 투여 1주, 3주 및 5주군에서는 금과립의 수량이 감소되었다. 이상과 같은 실험결과는 cyclophosphamide가 흰쥐에 투여되었을 때 골수의 혈구형성의 미세환경을 유지하는 기질세포의 laminin-1의 발현을 증가시키는 것으로 생각되었다.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.51-62
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• 2006

Objective: Although chronic non-bacterial prostatitis is a common disease, it is very difficult to treat effectively. Lygodium japonicum has traditionally been used in treatment of urinary tract inflammation and voiding disturbance. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic effects and action mechanism of Lygodium japonicum in the rat model of non-bacterial prostatitis induced by castration and testosterone treatment. Methods: Five-month-old rats were treated with $17\beta-estradiol$ after castration for induction of experimental non-bacterial prostatitis, which is similar to human chronic prostatitis in histopathological profiles. Lygodium japonicum and testosterone were administered as an experimental specimen and a positive control, respectively. The prostates were evaluated by histopathological parameters including the epithelial score and epithelio-stromal ratio for glandular damage, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) labeling index for cyto-proliferation and a TUNEL (deoxyuridine triphosphate biotin nick end-labeling) assay for cell apoptosis. Results: While prostates of control rats revealed severe acinar gland atrophy and stromal proliferation, the rats treated with Lygodium japonicum showed a lesser range of tissue damage. Epithelial score was improved in Lygodium japonicum than that of the control (P<0.05). The epithelio-stromal ratio was lower in Lygodium japonicum when compared to that of the control (P<0.05). Although there was no difference in PCNA and TUNEL positive cells of the glandular epithelia, we found an decreased number of PCNA positive cell and concurrent increase of TUNEL positive cells in the stroma of Lygodium japonicum treated rats (P<0.01). Conclusions: These findings suggest that Lygodium japonicum may protect the glandular epithelial cells and also inhibit stromal proliferation in association with suppression of cyto-proliferation and stimulation of apoptosis. We concluded that Lygodium japonicum may be a useful remedy agent for treating the chronic non-bacterial prostatitis.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.509-518
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• 2010

Purpose: Major drawbacks of conventional bone marrow stromal cells (BSCs) transplantation method are mainly caused by direct transplanted cell to host cell interactions. We hypothesized that separation of the transplanted cells by a microporous membrane might inhibit most of the potential adverse effects and induce superior effect. The purpose of the study is to determine the optimal condition of the microporous membrane. Methods: First, BSCs were placed in polyethylene terephthalate (PET) transwell inserts with 3, 8, or $12{\mu}m$ pore size, and cultured in 24 well culture plates. After 5 days, bottoms of the plates were observed for presence of attached BSCs in monolayer and cell numbers were evaluated. Second, BSCs were placed PET, polycarbonate (PCT), and mixed cellulose esters (MCE) transwell inserts with 3 and $8{\mu}m$ pore size, and cultured in 24 well culture plates. After 3 days, the supernatants of the media left in culture plate were analyzed for collagen, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), platelet derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB), and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). Third, BSCs were placed in 15% and 70% of the PET membrane with $3{\mu}m$ pore size. All the experimental conditions and methods were same as the second study. Results: The optimal pore sizes to prevent BSC leakage were $3{\mu}m$ and $8{\mu}m$. The amounts of type I collagen and three growth factors tested did not show significant differences among PET, PCT, and MCE groups. However, the collagen, VEGF, and bFGF levels were much higher in the high (70%) density group than in the low (15%) density group. Conclusion: This study revealed that the optimal pore size of membrane to prevent direct BSC to recipient cell contact is in between $3{\mu}m$ and $8{\mu}m$. Membrane materials and pore sizes do not influence the collagen and growth factor passage through the membrane. The most striking factor for collagen and growth factor transport is pore density of the membrane.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.356-364
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• 2024

림프절은 인체에 침입한 감염원에 대하여 면역반응을 일으키는 곳이다. 림프절은 스트로마세포에 의해 뚜렷하게 구획화되어 있다. 스트로마세포들은 면역세포의 이동, 활성화, 분화를 야기하기 위해 상호작용을 위해 미세환경을 제공한다. FRC는 림프절의 T zone에서 3차원 구조물을 형성하여 면역세포의 통로를 제공한다. FRC는 림프절 구조, 면역세포 리쿠르트, 면역세포와의 상호작용, 항원제시 등을 촉진시키는 역할을 한다. 염증반응 동안, FRC는 면역세포들의 면역반응을 조절하기 위해 국부적이며 분비성 물질을 통해 면역반응을 조절하고 있다. 본문 면역반응 조절을 위해 FRC가 면역반응의 setup, support 그리고 suppress 단계로 3부분에 관여하여 면역반응을 조절하고 있는 것으로 나누어 설명하였다. 전체적으로 FRC는 T 세포생물학적 효율성 증대를 위해 기능을 하는 것으로 보인다. 더불어, FRC는 식작용을 통해 선천성 면역반응에 영향을 미치고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 FRC는 림프절에서 면역반응의 immune gate-keepers로써 위치적 역할을 하는 것으로 사료된다. 전체적으로 FRC는 선천성면역과 적응면역의 조절기능에 대한 내용으로 설명하다. 이러한 협력적 피드백 루프는 염증반응 동안 림프절의 기능을 유지하는데 기여를 할 것으로 사료된다.