• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.21-29
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• 2012

Person characteristics and the perception of organization climate affect on the performances associated with causes of job stress, and may induce various types of human errors. For incidence, a person's adaptation to organizational traits can influence on a person's performance with tasks assigned as well as job satisfaction, a change of occupation, etc. There are several evaluation methods such as an aptitude test to evaluate the suitability of department allocation. However, only person's traits such as an aptitude has been associated with department allocation and job assignment for the personnel management. This paper shows not only an evaluation result on the job-stress of the workers in nuclear power plants (NPPs), but also the relationships between the job-stress and the coincidences of group-personal, team-personal traits. Then, we systematically deduct a basic information on the factors to be considered to manage the organizational traits and job stress. We expect this result can contribute to enhance the organizational management against to the human errors as well as for the promotion of safety and efficiency of NPPs.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.28 no.7
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• pp.1217-1224
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• 2018

Seaweeds produce antioxidants to counteract environmental stresses, and these antioxidant genes are regarded as important defense strategies for marine algae. In this study, the expression of Pyropia yezoensis (Bangiales, Rhodophyta) ascorbate peroxidase (PyAPX) and manganese-superoxide dismutase (PyMnSOD) was examined by qRT-PCR in P. yezoensis blades under abiotic stress conditions. Furthermore, the functional relevance of these genes was explored by overexpressing them in Chlamydomonas. A comparison of the different expression levels of PyAPX and PyMnSOD after exposure to each stress revealed that both genes were induced by high salt and UVB exposure, being increased approximately 3-fold after 12 h. The expression of the PyAPX and PyMnSOD genes also increased following exposure to $H_2O_2$. When these two genes were overexpressed in Chlamydomonas, the cells had a higher growth rate than control cells under conditions of hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress, increased salinity, and UV exposure. These data suggest that Chlamydomonas is a suitable model for studying the function of stress genes, and that PyAPX and PyMnSOD genes are involved in the adaptation and defense against stresses that alter metabolism.

• Mycobiology
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.161-170
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• 2009

Cryptococcus neoformans is a basidiomycete human fungal pathogen that causes meningoencephalitis in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent individuals. The ability to sense and respond to diverse extracellular signals is essential for the pathogen to infect and cause disease in the host. Four major stress-activated signaling (SAS) pathways have been characterized in C. neoformans, including the HOG (high osmolarity glycerol response), PKC/Mpk1 MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase), calcium-dependent calcineurin, and RAS signaling pathways. The HOG pathway in C. neoformans not only controls responses to diverse environmental stresses, including osmotic shock, UV irradiation, oxidative stress, heavy metal stress, antifungal drugs, toxic metabolites, and high temperature, but also regulates ergosterol biosynthesis. The PKC(protein kinase C)/Mpk1 pathway in C. neoformans is involved in a variety of stress responses, including osmotic, oxidative, and nitrosative stresses and breaches of cell wall integrity. The $Ca^{2+}$/calmodulin- and Ras-signaling pathways also play critical roles in adaptation to certain environmental stresses, such as high temperature and sexual differentiation. Perturbation of the SAS pathways not only impairs the ability of C. neoformans to resist a variety of environmental stresses during host infection, but also affects production of virulence factors, such as capsule and melanin. A drug(s) capable of targeting signaling components of the SAS pathway will be effective for treatment of cryptococcosis.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.103-119
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• 2014

This study focuses on the relationship between time management behavior and parenting stress of mothers with developmentally disabled children. The participants of this study were 162 mothers whose children have developmental disabilities and attend pre-school and social welfare centers for early education. This study investigates the time management behaviors of the participants, and whether these behaviors have an effect on their time management satisfaction and parenting stress. The findings were as follows: 1) The time management behaviors of the participants were lower than average, scoring 2.87 out of 5. The order of dimensional scores from highest to lowest were sequencing, planning, recording habits, evaluating, and setting goals. 2) Time management satisfaction and parenting stress for the participants exhibited a negative correlation. 3) Adaptation behaviors of the children and time management behaviors of the mothers were factors that had significant effects on the mothers' parenting stress. These results showed the importance of time management for mothers with developmentally disabled children.

• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.47-54
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship among stress, depression, and satisfaction to clinical practice in nursing students. Methods: Three hundred forty-five nursing college students were selected by convenient sampling and data were collected from October to November, 2011. Results: The nursing students experienced moderate stress level. The most severe stressors were adjustment to school and clinical practice. Also, they experienced more than moderate level of satisfaction on clinical practice. The most satisfiable factors were clinical practice circumstance and practice hours. The sophomore had more severe stress and depression and had lower clinical practice satisfaction than the junior. Satisfying with major in nursing as well as clinical practice had a significantly negative correlation with stress and depression. Conclusion: Based on this results, we need to develop programs for increasing satisfaction to clinical practice and major in nursing. The program will enhance adaptation ability to clinical practice.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.51 no.5
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• pp.525-536
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• 2021

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the Turkish adaptation of the COVID Stress Scale (CSS) on the basis of determining the stress caused by the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, and to test its validity and reliability. Methods: The English CSS was translated into Turkish using forward and backward translation. Data were collected online from 360 participants. Construct validity was evaluated using confirmatory factor analysis, exploratory factor analysis, and content validity. Pearson product-moment correlation, Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient, and test-retest methods were used to evaluate reliability. Results: The Turkish version of the CSS has 36 items consistent with the original scale and has five factors: COVID danger and contamination, socioeconomic consequences of COVID, COVID xenophobia, traumatic stress due to COVID, and compulsive checking for COVID. The construct validity of the Turkish version of the CSS was verified by the adjusted goodness of fit index > .85, and comparative fit index > .95. The content validity index of each item was 91%. The corrected item-total correlations of the scale ranged from .51 to .89. Internal consistency was reliable, with a Cronbach's α of .93. Conclusion: The Turkish version of the CSS is valid and reliable. It can be used as a measurement tool for the assessment of COVID-related stress.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.34-44
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• 1991

Since it was found out that the degree of medical contribution to health was timid. the direction of health policy studies has been focused on the personal health behavior. Participation in health has been closely related to the behavior. Those who have insisted on the new direction believe that the health policy laying stress on low cost and personal responsibility can avoid the pathology of medical policy and medical crisis. Participation in health has been very important method of changing health behaviors. It is certainly important to change bad health behaviors. But there is no deliberation of social structure here. Most health behaviors are the adaptation to social structure. The attempt to change the established adaptation behaviors without considering social structure is difficult to succeed. It is little meaningful to say the importance of the health behavior to those who have no choice but to be ill due to the poor environment and health risks. What can guarantee the real direction of community participation at least is the consciousness and behaviors of people's right.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.603-618
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• 2005

The split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) technique is widely used to characterize the dynamic mechanical response of engineering materials at high strain rates. In this paper, attendant problems associated with testing 70 mm diameter concrete specimens are considered, analysed and resolved. An adaptation of a conventional solid circular striker bar, as a means of achieving reliable and repeatable SHPB tests, is then proposed. In the analysis, a pseudo one-dimensional model is used to analyse wave propagation in a non-uniform striker bar. The stress history of the incident wave is then obtained by using the finite difference method. Comparison was made between incident waves determined from the simplified model, finite element solution and experimental data. The results show that the simplified method is adequate for designing striker bar shapes to overcome difficulties commonly encountered in SHPB tests. Using two specifically designed striker bars, tests were conducted on 70 mm diameter steel fibre reinforced concrete specimens. The results are presented in the paper.

• Journal of Urban Science
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.31-36
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• 2023

Facing the global crisis of climate change, waterfront areas are experiencing a significant increase in property damages and casualties. In light of the climate change era, this paper aims to identify resilience strategies against rising sea levels and associated natural disasters. A comparison and analysis of resilience plans and strategies have been conducted for five waterfront cities. In conclusion, three key points are suggested. Firstly, establishing partnerships locally and globally is an emerging trend to effectively and collaboratively address climate change. Secondly, resilience is a fundamental concept in designing social, built, and cyber infrastructure, requiring attention from stakeholders. Lastly, designing a well-operating system is critical to respond effectively when external shocks or stress occurs.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.224-230
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• 2010

Growth hormone (GH) is known as one of the main osmoregulators in euryhaline teleosts during seawater (SW) adaptation. Many of the physiological actions of GH are mediated through insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), and the GH/IGF-I axis is associated with osmoregulation of fish during SW acclimation. However, little information is available on the response of fish IGF-II to hyperosmotic stress. Here we present the first cloned IGF-I and IGF-II cDNAs of marine medaka, Oryzias dancena, and an analysis of the molecular characteristics of the genes. The marine medaka IGF-I cDNA is 1,340 bp long with a 257-bp 5' untranslated region (UTR), a 528 bp 3' UTR, and a 555-bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding a propeptide of 184 amino acid (aa) residues. The full-length marine medaka IGF-II cDNA consists of a 639 bp ORF encoding 212 aa, a 109 bp 5' UTR, and a 416 bp 3' UTR. Homology comparison of the deduced aa sequences with other IGF-Is and IGF-IIs showed that these genes in marine medaka shared high structural homology with orthologs from other teleost as well as mammalian species, suggesting high conservation of IGFs throughout vertebrates. The IGF-I mRNA level increased following transfer of marine medaka from freshwater (FW) to SW, and the expression level was higher than that of the control group, which was maintained in FW. This significantly elevated IGF-I level was maintained throughout the experiment (14 days), suggesting that in marine medaka, IGF-I is deeply involved in the adaptation to abrupt salinity change. In contrast to IGF-I, the increased level of marine medaka IGF-II mRNA was only maintained for a short period, and quickly returned a level similar to that of the control group, suggesting that marine medaka IGF-II might be a gene that responds to acute stress or one that produces a supplemental protein to assist with the osmoregulatory function of IGF-I during an early phase of salinity change.