• 대한가정학회지
• /
• 제33권5호
• /
• pp.211-219
• /
• 1995

In this study of the Buddhist Stone Statues in Namsan in Kyungju. We have found out interesting facts as follow. This study is focused on the way the Buddhist Statues wear the robes. There are two basical types of wearing ; Tongkyun and Pyundanwookyun. In Silla, these types of wearing has been developed into its unique types based on the traditional culture. The stone Buddhist images show seven types of wearing based on the standard ones of Tongkyun and Pyundanwookyun. This variety in wearing rests on the various of Sungkari(Samghathi) and Bokgyenui(Samkaksika) and a chest sash which fixes Niwonsung(Nivasana). There are three cases inferred from the seven types of wearing the Buddha's robes : (1)Tonkyun type A: The only outer wear Sungkari(Samghathi) was put on as Tongkyun type. We can't find out any Bokgyenui(Samkaksika) or the chest sash of Niwonsung(Nivasana). (2)Tongkyun type B: Bokgyenui(Samkaksika) is put on the chest of Statue in Sungkari(Samghathi). (3)Tongkyun type C: This type is similar to Tonkyun type A, except that the end of the robe dangled down straight to the right side. (4)Tongkyun type D: Bokgyenui(Samkaksika) is bound with a chest sash. (5)Tongkyun type C: The robe is tied on the left shoulder as a cord and Bokgyenui(Samkaksika) is bound with a chest sash. (6)Pyundanwookyun type A: The robe dangled down from the left shoulder to the right armpit diagonally, so left shoulder is naked. (7)Pyundanwookyun type B: This type is similiar to Pyundanwookyun type A, but the end of Sungkari(Samghathi) is bound up to the left shoulder again. Considering above, the robe types of Buddha seem to have something to do with those of the Silla people: The chest sash is similar to the adjustment of Jeogori(the traditional jacket) of the Silla, and the typing cord in Buddha's robe corresponds to that of the traditional types.

• 한국의류학회지
• /
• 제33권10호
• /
• pp.1541-1551
• /
• 2009

This study gives guidelines to pattern designing by supplying various images of the transformed shape of jeans with the location of the waistline and the pants silhouette. For this study, 9 kinds of sample cloths (100% cotton denim) were designed considering the laying measurement of the jeans with the location of the waistline and the pants silhouette. The images of each sample were evaluated after the measurement of the completed samples. Clothing and textiles specialists used a semantic differential scale as the evaluation method of the images. For the statistical analysis of the data, one way Anova and Duncan test were adopted using the SPSS 12.0 program. The results of this study are as follows: 1. The visual image by the location of waistline and the change of the pants silhouette is composed of 3 factors (attraction, fashion and comfort factors) of which the attraction factor is the most important factor. 2. The visual image is positive when the location of the waistline is in the low waist position. It is attractive, fashionable, and comfortable. The visual image is negative when the location of the waistline is in the position of the natural waist. 3. The visual image is attractive when the pants silhouette is a boot-cut and fashionable when the pants silhouette are skinny. The straight-cut is comfortable but the visual image is negative. 4. There is no correlation between visual image by the location of the waistline and the change of the pants silhouette.

• 한국패션뷰티학회지
• /
• 제1권1호
• /
• pp.105-118
• /
• 2003

The purpose of this study was to analyze entertainer Byeon Jeong-su's hair styles and thereby, apply the results to models. For the applications, models' hair styles were bisected into two sections, and thereby, the edges of the outsides were cut into solid points, and thereupon, into diverse bases by using vertical section, Perpendicular direction and square angles. On the other hand, the insides were cut in the same way of the outside bases by using radial section, varied combing and $45{\sim}90$ degree head angles. In addition, tops and sides were arranged in their corners, while a graduation technique was used to express a natural difference of levels. The fringes were cut by using free-hand and slicing techniques. furthermore, the quantity and mass of the hairs were treated with such techniques as thinning, swing, effect, rolling, slide and slicing, while a bridge product was used for coloring together with a highlight technique. The hair styles were rendered for straight and wave by using an magic iron machine. It was confirmed through this study that the same cutting techniques would result in different images depending on individuals' physical shapes, facial shapes, head skeletons and types of hairs. Thus, it is required of the hair designers to suggest their own custom hair designs adequate to individuals' images through continued image-wise hair design practices.

• 한국도로학회논문집
• /
• 제12권1호
• /
• pp.29-37
• /
• 2010

배수성 포장의 장점은 우천시 운전자에게 노면의 배수 기능과 타이어 노면의 마찰저항성과 같은 효과를 증대 시켜 일반 밀입도 아스팔트 혼합물에 비해 타이어 노면 소음을 감소시키는 효과를 제공 해준다. 그러나, 배수성 포장은 공용 후 노면의 공극 막힘 현상 등으로 인하여 주기적인 유지보수 작업이 동반된다. 그러므로 본 연구를 통해 개발된 저소음포장의 공극 형성은 굵은골재의 비율을 높여 공극형성을 직선화하여 투수 및 공극막힘 등을 최소화 하도록 하였다. 본 연구를 통해 개발된 저소음포장인 19mm, 13mm, 10mm, 8mm 저소음포장은 현재 4년이 공용된 상태에서 양호한 포장상태를 보여주며, 특수성능은 신설수준인 투수성능을 유지하고 있으며, 미끄럼 저항성도 만족하는 우수한 공용성을 나타내고 있다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
• /
• 제38권4호
• /
• pp.197-204
• /
• 2017

The aim of this study was to evaluate driving performance of normal subjects for controlling the steering wheel by using foot operated steering devices in the driving simulator. Many people with complete bilateral loss or loss of use of upper limbs but with normal lower limbs are frequently left without use and/ or control of their hands, arms, or the upper extremities of their bodies. As a result, persons disabled in this manner have problems in operation an automobile because they cannot grasp and manipulate a conventional steering wheel. Therefore, if foot operated steering devices are used for controlling the vehicle on in people with disabilities, the disabled people could improve their community mobility by driving a car safely. Ten normal subjects were involved in this research to evaluate steering performance by using three types of steering devices(conventional steering wheel, pedal type foot steering, circular type foot steering) in driving simulator. STISim Drive 3 program was used for testing the driving performance in two road scenarios: straight road and curved road at low and high speed of vehicle (40 km/h and 80 km/h). This study used two-way ANOVA to compare the influences of two factors(type of foot steering device and road scenario) in the three dependent variables of steering performance(standard deviation of lateral position, the lateral position of vehicle and the number of line crossing). The average values of the three dependent variables(standard deviation of lateral position, lateral position and the number of line crossing) of driving performance were significantly smaller for conventional steering wheel or pedal type foot steering than circular type foot steering.

• 패션비즈니스
• /
• 제11권5호
• /
• pp.110-123
• /
• 2007

This study aims at analyzing the characteristics and the mode of deconstructionism expressed in fashion design centering on review of literatures and precedent researches. Through the review of previous studies and various articles, three major features with regard to deconstructionism were found: indeterminacy of meaning, decentralization, and inter -textuality. In fashion, the feature of indeterminacy of meaning expressed by non formula way such as unfinished, layering, obi or straight line cutting and it was divided into unstructured and unorganized factors. The feature of decentralization expressed by disorganization of sex, race, culture and humanism such as trans-gender, third world costume, sub-culture, posthumanism. Last, the feature of inter-textuality expressed by employing the fashion texts more than two simultaneously such as mixture of unmatched or unusual various clothing items, fabrics, patterns and styles. Non formality features in fahsion which divided into unstructured and unconstructed factors. The decentering of meaning means that disorganized the existing concepts of sex, race, culture and humanism features in fashion which divided into cross-gender, subculture, and post-humanism. Lastly, the feature of inter-textuality means that employed the fashion text more than two which is classified into factors of mixing mode and mixed styles. Unstructured factors were expressed by destroying the design principles such as balance, harmony and unit in fashion. Unconstructed factors were expressed by ignoring the basic costume structures and components in fashion. Cross-gender was expressed by manish and duality style in fashion and 3rd world costume was expressed by folk costume style. Anti fashion was expressed by anti aesthetics in fashion such as kitch, punk, and hippie styles. Post-human was expressed by futurism and the 4th Sex style in fashion. Mixing mode were expressed by mixture of item, and unmatched materials and pattern in fashion. Mixture of style were expressed by mixture of pastiche expression of various styles.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
• /
• 제38권1호
• /
• pp.32-42
• /
• 2017

The aim of this study was to evaluate driving performance of Healthy and disabled groups (with or without driver's license) to control steering wheel by using steering assistive devices in the driving simulator. The persons with partial loss of use of all four limbs have problems in operation of the motor vehicle because of functional loss to operate steering wheel. Therefore, if steering assistive devices for grasping the steering wheel are used to control the vehicle on the road in persons with disabilities, the disabled persons can improve mobility in their community life by driving a motor vehicle safely. Ten healthy subjects (with or w/o driver's license) and ten subjects with physical disabilities (with or w/o driver's license) were involved in this study to evaluate driving performance to operate steering wheel by using four types of steering assistive devices (Single-pin, V-grip, Palm-grip, Tri-pin) in driving simulator. STISim Drive 3 software was used to test the steering performance in four scenarios: straight road at low and high speed of vehicle (40 km/h and 80 km/h), curved road at low and high speed of vehicle (40 km/h and 80 km/h). This study used two-way ANOVA in order to compare the effects of two factors (type of steering assistive device and subject group) in the three dependent variables of driving performance (the lateral position of vehicle, standard deviation of lateral position representing the variation of the left and right movement of the vehicle and the number of line crossing). The mean values of the three dependent variables (lateral position, standard deviation of lateral position, the number of line crossing) of steering performance were statistically significantly smaller for the healthy or disabled groups with driver's license than the other groups without driver's license on the curved road at high speed of vehicle compared to low speed of vehicle.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
• /
• 제7권1호
• /
• pp.39-46
• /
• 2015

PURPOSE. The mechanical and interfacial characterization of laser welded Co-Cr alloy with two different joint designs. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Dumbbell cast specimens (n=30) were divided into 3 groups (R, I, K, n=10). Group R consisted of intact specimens, group I of specimens sectioned with a straight cut, and group K of specimens with a $45^{\circ}$ bevel made at the one welding edge. The microstructure and the elemental distributions of alloy and welding regions were examined by an SEM/EDX analysis and then specimens were loaded in tension up to fracture. The tensile strength (TS) and elongation (${\varepsilon}$) were determined and statistically compared among groups employing 1-way ANOVA, SNK multiple comparison test (${\alpha}$=.05) and Weibull analysis where Weibull modulus m and characteristic strength ${\sigma}_0$ were identified. Fractured surfaces were imaged by a SEM. RESULTS. SEM/EDX analysis showed that cast alloy consists of two phases with differences in mean atomic number contrast, while no mean atomic number was identified for welded regions. EDX analysis revealed an increased Cr and Mo content at the alloy-joint interface. All mechanical properties of group I (TS, ${\varepsilon}$, m and ${\sigma}_0$) were found inferior to R while group K showed intermediated values without significant differences to R and I, apart from elongation with group R. The fractured surfaces of all groups showed extensive dendritic pattern although with a finer structure in the case of welded groups. CONCLUSION. The K shape joint configuration should be preferred over the I, as it demonstrates improved mechanical strength and survival probability.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.35-50
• /
• 2007

We performed the subjective sensibility evaluation on knitted fabrics by the following procedures: setting acrylic fabrics used for S/S among fabrics as basis, five kinds of blended spun yarns and four kinds of twisted filament yarns made by different twisting methods then, we did questionnaire survey targeting sixty females in the expert groups. Utilizing SPSS 12.0, correlation, ANOVA, Duncan, and Multidimensional Standard way were analyzed. The results are as following. First, the result of evaluating on preferred knits followed by the analysis of the sense factor, in the 'drape sense', the acrylic/rayon blended knit was preferred as the most flexible, pliable, and elastic knit; in weight/bulk factor, the acrylic filament knit the most twisted was preferred as the least bulk, thin, cool and transparent knit; in 'surface depression sense' factor, A(F)W acrylic/wool blended knit was preferred as the most haggard, straight, dry knit. Second, the result of evaluating on preferred knits followed by the analysis of the sensibility factor, in the 'neatness' the acrylic filament hit was preferred as the most clean, neat and delightful knit; in the 'comfortableness', the acrylic/wool blended knit was preferred as the most natural, stable, and comfortable knit. Third, according to the result of evaluating on preferred knits as the spring and summer, generally the acrylic filament twisted yarn knits were more preferred than the acrylic blended yarns. However the preference on the kinds of the acrylic twisted filament yarn showed that there is a little difference on the acrylic blended yarn knit.

• 복식
• /
• 제36권
• /
• pp.77-95
• /
• 1998

The culture of a country is formed by the sense of value of a nation being a creator as well as on operator of the culture. So, the Chinese culture and fruthermore, the sense of value the Chinese people can be understood through the study of the costume of China. Above all, the culture of China, including the costume, have been formed through the his-tory of exchange between the central Chinese people and its surrounding minority races, and it should not be overlooked that its own culture of each race is existing with each other in the great Chinese culture sphere. In the paper, the concept of costume as relections of a culture is confirmed through the examination of the characteristics of the costume of the Miao tribe with such history and culture as a background and on effort is made to take those as resources modern fashion designs while inferring from them the characteristics of costume with universal and original values sthat can be sublimated into the modernistic beauty. The results of the study are as follows. First, the basic composition consists of a simple jacket made in a way of straight-cut-ting and a close pleated skirt and it tended to put emphasis on diversified and splendid decorations compared with the simple basis composition. Second, the costume of the Miao tribe are characteristic of hair done in a knot with head-dress around head. Third, the kinds of dress are multifarious by race and region due to a long period of mobile and disperse life. In the course of studying the universal value of the Miao tribe is confirmed which is by no means inferior to the standard of the medernistic beauty which keeping its originality. The study is made to be helpful for activating the design going with the trend that the basic harmony between the nature and man, that is a climate and the local cul-ture hearing formed a splendid culture in the past, are being found again.