• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.413-426
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• 2012

In this paper, nonlinear static analysis of three-dimensional cable stayed bridges is performed for the time dependent materials properties such as creep, shrinkage and aging of concrete and relaxation of cable. Manavgat Cable-Stayed Bridge is selected as an application. The bridge located in Antalya, Turkey, was constructed with balanced cantilever construction method. Total length of the bridge is 202 m. The bridge consists of one $\ddot{e}$ shape steel tower. The tower is at the middle of the bridge span. The construction stages and 3D finite element model of bridge are modeled with SAP2000. Large displacement occurs in these types of bridges so geometric nonlinearity is taken into consideration in the analysis by using P-Delta plus large displacement criterion. The time dependent material strength and geometric variations are included in the analysis. Two different finite element analyses carried out which are evaluated with and without construction stages and results are compared with each other. As a result of these analyses, variation of internal forces such as bending moment, axial forces and shear forces for bridge tower and displacement and bending moment for bridge deck are given with detailed. It is seen that construction stage analysis has a remarkable effect on the structural behavior of the bridge.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제4권5호
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• pp.697-710
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• 2008

Long steel stay cables, which are mainly used in cable-stayed bridges, are easy to vibrate because of their low inherent damping characteristics. A lot of methods for vibration reduction of stay cables have been developed, and several techniques of them have been implemented to real structures, though each has its limitations. Recently, it was reported that smart (i.e. semi-active) dampers can potentially achieve performance levels nearly the same as comparable active devices with few of the detractions. Some numerical and experimental studies on the application of smart damping systems employing an MR fluid damper, which is one of the most promising smart dampers, to a stay cable were carried out; however, most of the previous studies considered only one specific control algorithm in which they are interested. In this study, the performance verification of MR fluid damper-based smart damping systems for mitigating vibration of stay cables by considering the four commonly used semi-active control algorithms, such as the control algorithm based on Lyapunov stability theory, the maximum energy dissipation algorithm, the modulated homogeneous friction algorithm and the clipped-optimal control algorithm, is systematically carried out to find the most appropriate control strategy for the cable-damper system.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 2006년도 정기 학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1001-1008
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• 2006

The main objective of this paper is to compare economical effectiveness of typical methods for checking stability in principal components of steel cable-stayed bridges. Elastic and inelastic buckling analyses are carried out for frame-like numerical models of cable-stayed bridges. The axial-flexural interaction equations prescribed in AASHTO Allowable Stress Design (ASD) and AASHTO Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) are used in order to check the stability of principal components. Parametric studies are performed for numerical models which have the center span length of 300m, 600m, 900m and l200m with different girder depths. Peak values of the interaction equations are calculated at the intersection point between girders and towers. These peak values are considered as a major factor to design of principal components of cable-stayed bridges. As a result, more economical design for girders and towers can be feasible using the inelastic buckling analysis. In addition, LRFD codes are more economical about 20% on the average than ASD codes for all numerical models of cable-stayed bridges.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.215-230
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• 2023

Cable-girder anchorage joint is the critical part of cable-supported bridges. Tensile-plate anchorage (TPA) is one of the most commonly used types of cable-girder anchorage joints in steel girder cable-supported bridges. In recent years, it has been proposed by bridge designers to apply TPA to concrete girder cable-supported bridges to form composite cable-girder anchorage joint (CCGAJ). In this paper, the mechanical performance of CCGAJ under tensile force is studied through experimental and numerical analyses. Firstly, the effects of the external prestressing (EP) and the bearing plate (BP) on the mechanical performance of CCGAJ were investigated through three tests. Then, finite element model was established for parametrical study, and was verified by the experimental results. Then, the effects of shear connector forms, EP, BP, vertical rebar rate, and perforated rebar rate on the tensile capacity of CCGAJ were investigated through numerical analyses. The results show that the tensile capacity of CCGAJ depends on the first row of PR. The failure mode of CCGAJ using headed stud connectors is to form a shear failure surface at the end of the studs while the failure mode using PBLs is similar to the bending of a deep girder. Finally, based on the strut-and-tie model (STM), a calculation method for CCGAJ tensile capacity was proposed, which has a high accuracy and can be used to calculate the tensile capacity of CCGAJ.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.591-602
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• 2017

A cable-stiffened cylindrical single-layer latticed shell that is reinforced by cable-stiffened system has superior stability behaviour compared with the ordinary cylindrical latticed shell. The layouts of cable-stiffened system are flexible in this structural system, and different layouts contribute different stiffness to the structure. However, the existed few research primarily focused on the simplest type of cable layouts, in which the grids of the latticed shell are diagonally stiffened by prestressed cables in-plane. This current work examines the stability behaviour of the cable-stiffened cylindrical latticed shells with two different types of cable layouts using nonlinear finite element analysis. A parametric study on the effect of cross-sectional of the cables, pretension in cables, joint stiffness, initial imperfections, load distributions and boundary conditions is presented. The findings are useful for the reference of the designer in using this type of structural system.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.37-66
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• 2008

This paper focuses on the nonlinear vibrations of stay cables and evaluates the dynamic characteristics of stay cables by using the nonlinear enhanced MECS approach and the approximate approach. The nonlinear enhanced MECS approach is that both the girder-tower vibrations and the cable vibrations including parametric cable vibrations are simultaneously considered in the numerical analysis of cable-stayed bridges. Cable finite element method is used to simulate the responses including the parametric vibrations of stay cables. The approximate approach is based on the assumption that cable vibrations have a small effect on girder-tower vibrations, and analyzes the local cable vibrations after obtaining the girder-tower responses. Under the periodic excitations or the moderate ground motion, the differences of the responses of stay cables between these two approaches are evaluated in detail. The effect of cable vibrations on the girder and towers are also discussed. As a result, the dynamic characteristics of the parametric vibrations in stay cables can be evaluated by using the approximate approach or the nonlinear enhanced MECS approach. Since the different axial force fluctuant of stay cables in both ends of one girder causes the difference response values between two approach, it had better use the nonlinear enhanced MECS approach to perform the dynamic analyses of cable-stayed bridges.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.543-550
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• 2007

건설 분야에서는 신소재인 FRP(fiber reinforced polymer) 복합재료는 그 경량성과 고강도로 점차 그 사용영역이 넓어지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 FRP 소재의 성능을 평가하기 위하여 제2 진도대교를 원형(prototype)으로 하는 3차원 선형 모델링을 하였고 케이블 및 거더에 복합소재를 적용하여 해석하였다. 해석 결과는 Steel 케이블 및 보강형을 사용한 경우와 비교를 통하여 분석하였고 정적해석 및 모드해석을 수행하였다. 정적해석에서는 각 부재의 최대 응력 및 중앙 지점의 최대 처짐을 비교하였다. 사하중 감소 때문에 복합소재를 사용한 경우 상판의 처짐이 감소하는 것을 확인하였으며, 케이블의 단면을 감소시켜 해석함으로써 그 결과를 다시 보였다. 단면 감소, 모드해석에서는 진동수 비를 통해 Flutter의 발생 풍속을 비교하였다.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.33-51
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• 2013

본 논문에서는 현재 개발 중인 쉴드터널의 강연선 체결 방식에 대해 소개하고 두 번에 걸친 실대형 세그먼트 체결시험 결과를 나타내었다. 실대형 세그먼트 체결시험을 통해 기존 볼트 체결 방식과 강선을 이용한 체결 방식을 비교하여 체결재로써의 강연선 적용 가능성에 대한 검토를 수행하고, 강연선 체결 방식 적용 시 세그먼트에 발생하는 체결력의 역학적 거동을 분석하였다. 연구를 통해 기존 세그먼트 체결장치와 비교하여 높은 체결력을 얻을 수 있으며, 터널 세그먼트 전체의 일체화 거동 및 구조적인 안정성 증가를 기대할 수 있음을 확인하였다. 또한, 볼트 체결 대비 강연선 체결 방식이 세그먼트 체결에 더 효과 적일 수 있으며, 강연선이 세그먼트 체결 장치로서의 적용성도 좋은 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제10권1호통권34호
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• pp.85-99
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• 1998

본 논문은 케이슨의 인양작업중 Fitting Anchor의 취성파괴로 인한 들고리의 붕괴원인을 조사하기 위한 실험적 연구이다. 또한, 본 연구에서는 응력해석을 통하여 들고리의 붕괴메카니즘을 분석하고 이를 실제 붕괴과정과 비교한다. 본 연구에서는 파괴된 강재에 대한 파면해석 뿐만아니라 화학성분시험, 인장시험 및 샤르피 V-노치 충격시험을 실시한다. 그리고 이의 시험 결과를 정상적인 강재에 대한 시험결과와 비교한다. 본 연구의 거시적, 미시적인 방법으로 결함을 관찰한 결과, Fitting Anchor 내부에 원주방향으로 나타난 표면결함은 케이슨의 진수시 발생하는 들고리의 인장응력이 작용하기 전에 발생한 것임을 확인할 수 있었다. 이는 균열선단의 응력집중이 발생하여 작용응력보다 큰 응력이 결함에 발생한 것임을 알 수 있다. 또한, 잠재한 결함의 크기가 임계값 이상으로 증가하여 본 연구대상 강재의 응력확대계수가 증가하였을 것으로 판단된다. 그래서 균열선단의 응력확대계수가 본 강재의 파괴인성보다 크게 되어 케이슨의 인양작업중에 취성파괴를 일으킨 것으로 사료된다. 본 연구결과에 따르면 케이슨 들고리의 붕괴는 Fitting Anchor의 취성파괴로 발생한 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.727-735
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• 2006

본 논문에서는 선행논문(김 등, 2005)을 확장하여 다절점 케이블요소를 포함하는 보-기둥 요소의 기하학적 비선형성에 대해서 논의하기로 한다. 먼저 이를 위해서Hermitial 다항식을 형상함수로 채택하고 보-기둥요소의 2차 효과를 포함하는 접선강도행렬에 다절점 케이블-트러스 요소에 대한 접선강도 행렬을 추가하여 전체좌표계에 대한 접선강도행렬을 구성하고 하중증분법에 의한 유한요소 해석과정을 제시한다. 이렇게 새로이 개발된 다절점 케이블-트러스 요소를 포함하는 뼈대 구조물의 기하학적 비선형성과 그 타당성을 검증하기 위하여 IPS(Innovative Prestressed Support) 시스템의 기하학적 비선형 해석을 실시하고 이의 결과를 선형탄성해석의 결과와 비교한다.