• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.25-36
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• 2007

Purpose: This study evaluated a smoking education program in middle schools in Busan. School nurses and health teachers performing additional job development with a variety of human resources on smoking education for adolescents were investigated. Method: The subjects were obtained from 133 middle schools located in Busan, and data were collected from January 10, 2005 to February 19, 2005. The data was analyzed using the descriptive statistics, multiple response and t-test on SPSS 12.0 for Windows. Results: Schools that had school nurses undertook 67% of all smoking education programs. However, 78.3% of smoking education programs were undertaken in schools that used health teachers holding an additional job, those who had other jobs, and teachers in charge of school discipline. The health teachers holding an additional job reported that they had difficulty with smoking education due to a 'lack of professionalism' (t=-2.776, p=.006). In addition, the school nurses reported that 'they had insufficient time for non-smoking education' (t=2.440, p=.016). Conclusion: The results of this study show that school nurses should be in charge of the smoking education programs developed in the middle schools in Busan.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.59-79
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• 1995

This study intended to grasp the results of performance of school health policy and to provide information for the future policy performance in Korea. As the objects of the study we chose the secondary school(142 middle schools, 111 high schools) in Pusan, 1993. The contents of the study were about school health service and school health education. For the study we collected datum and took statistics through the existing theses, books, various statistics, and interviews with the persons concerned. Therefore the method of the study was basically emperical and demonstrative. The results of the study can be presented as follows : 1. the results of performance of health service proved to be 5.40% for vaccination against hepatitis B, 5.26% for typhoid fever, 6.65% for EH fever, and 9.84% for influenza in middle schools, In high schools' 5.76% for vaccination against hepatitis B, 0.03% for typhoid fever, 0.25 for EH fever, and 0.86% for influenza. 2. The results of policy performance of health education were found out 64.08% in middle schools, and 17.12% in high schools. 3. The factors which affected the results of performance of health service turned out 1) the improper standard of policy performace that applicants should pay their own expenses. 2) the lack of performer's will to carry out the policy owing to the improper standard. 3) the shortage of interorganizational enforcement activities and communications which influence the will of performance. 4. The affecting factors to the will of performance of health education proved to be 1) the improper standard that nurse-teachers can teach students in the classroom in case of need. 2) the lack of nurse-teachers due to the above inappropriate standard. 3) the lack of enforcement activities of supervising organs which employ and direct nurse-teachers. 4) the lack of activities of organs which should communicate one another and allot nurse-teachers of public schools without fail.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.83-99
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• 2010

The purposes of this study were to analyze the quality attributes and customer satisfaction in school foodservice by distribution place and to suggest an improvement plan. The survey was distributed to different respondents (students, parents, and faculty) at different types of schools (elementary school, middle school, and high school) on September 2008 in 16 cities and provinces. The statistics were analyzed using descriptive analysis, t-test, and ANOVA by SPSS 12.0. All foodservice quality attributes were significant different by school type and the students in elementary schools had higher scores than students in middle and high school. A comparison of scores by school type and distribution place demonstrated that elementary schools had a higher score for quality attributes and in middle and high school dining halls had a higher score for quality attributes. The overall customer satisfaction with school foodservice was higher for dining halls than classrooms for all respondents (students, parents, and faculty). For students, the overall customer satisfaction score was 69.1 for schools using dining halls and 66.4 for schools using classrooms. The overall customer satisfaction for classrooms was higher in elementary school but, this score for middle and high school was higher for dining halls. Therefore, students prefer dining halls to classrooms. Especially, as the students grow, they have an increased preference for dining halls.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.13-23
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• 2016

Objectives: The middle school students face a turbulent period between the stages of childhood and adolescence. If effective mental health education can be provided over this period, it can help prevent behavioral and emotional difficulties of students. This study aims to understand the priority of mental health education as demanded by middle school students. Methods: The subjects of this study were 612 middle school students from five schools in the P city. A questionnaire arranged mental health education into 39 items for use as a tool in the study. For data analysis, followed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA and multiple comparison analysis of Scheffe. Results: For general students, demand was highest for education on "Communication and Healthy Life," followed by "Self-esteem," "Stress," "Interpersonal Relationships and School Life". Conclusions: If education on mental health shall be offered at middle schools based on this study, education on how to communicate and lead a healthy life and improve self-esteem should go to general students to prevent behavioral and emotional difficulties. On the other hand, education and group programs for "Stress," "Mental Problems in the Adolescent Period" and "Addiction" should be offered to students with mental health problems to help prevent behavioral and emotional difficulties.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.1-12
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to develop the Self-Esteem Inventory for Children in Korea. The 772 subjects were selected from 3rd-6th grades of elementory schools and the first and second grades of middle schools in Pusan. Statistics used for data analysis were Pearson's r, Cramer's V, X2, factor analysis, multi-regression, splithalf reliability, Cronbach's α. The major findings were that 1) eight factors(home self, personality self, academic self, teacher-related self, general self, physical-appearance self, peer-related self, physical-competence self) were extracted by factor analysis, multi-regression analysis conducted to reduce the iength of inventory have drawed 38 items for the Self-Esteem Inventory for Children in Korea. 2) the discriminant coefficients of the items (Cramer's V) ranged from 0.55 to 0.67. 3) the reliability coefficients of this inventory (Cronbach's α) ranged from 0.63 to 0.81. It was concluded that Self-Esteem Inventory for children is acceptable.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.155-166
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to develop ' the Behavior Problem Scale for Children and Adolescence' The 518 subjects were selected from 5th and 6th grades of elementary schools and first and second grades of middle schools in Pusan. Statistics used for data analysis were χ2 cramer's V, factor analysis multi-regression Pearson's r, Cronbach's a. The major finding of this study were as follows 1) 80 items of the 159 item scale were acceptable through item discriminant method The discriminant coefficients of the items(Cramer's V) ranged from .48 to .81. 2) 6 factors(shyness aggression hyperactivity withdrawal anxious immature) extracted from factor analysis,. Multi-regression analysis conducted to reduce the length of scale have drawn 42 items for 'the Behavior Problem Scale Children and Adolescence' 3) Reliability coefficients(Cronbach's a) of this scale was 94.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.55 no.6
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• pp.625-635
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• 2017

This study examined the mediating effect of self-concept on the relationship of peer victimization and social anxiety in middle school students. Study participants consisted of 235 (122 boys and 113 girls) first to third graders from three middle schools located in Seoul and Gyung-gi province. The School Violence Experience Scale and the Self-Concept Scale were used to measure research variables in the Korean version of Social Anxiety Scale for adolescents. Descriptive statistics and Pearson's correlation coefficients were calculated to examine the general tendency of study variables. In addition, structural equation modeling(SEM) was used to examine the mediating model. The study results were as follows. First, the level of peer victimization of the middle school students decreased the self-concept level; in addition, the self-concept level had a significant negative effect on the social anxiety level. Second, the self-concept level fully mediated the peer victimization and social anxiety relationship. In conclusion, a higher peer victimization level resulted in a lower self-concept level, that produced a higher social anxiety level in middle school students. The results suggested that implementing effective interventions to prevent peer victimization and encouraging a positive self-concept in middle school students would make a significant contribution to reducing social anxiety.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.581-598
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to analyze the conspicuous consumption propensity of middle schoolers and to develop effective consumer education programs which help improve consumer socialization. Empirical data were collected by using a questionnaire for 500 middle schoolers who reside in the city of Daegu. The results of this study are as follows: First, significant differences in materialistic propensity can be found. It results from the difference in parents' educational background, amount of monthly pocket money, influence of mass media and friends, and the consumer education hosted by schools. Second, significant differences in the conspicuous consumption propensity can be found. It comes from the difference in materialistic propensity and control of purchasing behaviors. Third, the variables affecting the middle schoolers' propensity of conspicuous consumption include influence of mass media and friends, control of purchasing behaviors, influence of materialistic propensity, amount of monthly pocket money, and mother's educational background. Lastly, this study helps develop consumer education programs for the teenagers. The program should use statistics data, Internet, presentation materials, putting higher priority on experience activities, survey, analysis, discussion, and presentation rather than theoretical education.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.813-821
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• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to investigate the relationship between health behavior and oral symptoms in Korean adolescents. Methods: The subjects were 72,060 adolescents who were selected from the web-based survey of the 10th (2014) Korean Youth Risk Behavior of Korean Center for Disease Control. Data were analyzed by PASW statistics 18.0. A web-based self-reported questionnaire was completed by 74,167 middle and high school students. The subjects consisted of 36,470 boy students (52.2%) and 35,590 girl students (47.8%) from 400 middle schools and 400 high schools. Results: Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that experience of oral symptoms were related with sex, age, academic achievement, economic status, alcohol drinking, moderate physical activity, muscular strength exercises, walking, fruit consumption, milk consumption, fast food consumption, snack consumption, daily tooth brushing frequency, use of fluoride toothpaste, school based oral health education, dental sealant and dental scaling. Conclusions: There were close relationship between heath behavior, oral health behavior, and experience of oral symptoms. To improve the health promotion for the adolescents, oral health program development and primary prevention strategy must be established.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.10-19
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the factors related to depression between non-multicultural and multicultural middle school students. Methods: In this study, data were collected using structured questionnaires targeting students of 9 middle schools in G Province, Korea. Finally, the data of 304 students were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, and multiple regression analyses using SPSS 24.0. Results: The multicultural students showed a higher depression score ($47.14{\pm}8.33$) than the counterpart ($44.22{\pm}8.11$) (p<.001). The results of the multiple regression analysis revealed that academic stress (${\beta}=.33$, p<.001), peer attachment (${\beta}=-.13$, p<.02), and body image (${\beta}=.25$, p<.001) were the influencing factors on depression in non-multicultural students. However, in multicultural students, depression was related to peer attachment (${\beta}=-.16$, p=.03) and self-esteem (${\beta}=-.42$, p<.001). Conclusion: To prevent and manage depression in non-multicultural middle school students, it is essential to help them relieve academic stress and build peer relationships and positive body image. For multicultural middle school students, helping them to have high self-esteem and peer attachment would be the first measure to prevent and manage depression.