• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.18 no.10
• /
• pp.363-372
• /
• 2017

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of nursing professional attitude and employment strategy on graduate nursing students core fundamental nursing education program, after applied the core fundamental nursing education program for one semester. There were 165 subjects who were surveyed from June 23 to 24, 2016. The mean score of the core fundamental nursing education program satisfaction was $3.99({\pm}0.48)$. The mean score of nursing professional attitude was $3.77({\pm}0.49)$ and that of employment strategy was $3.28({\pm}0.49)$. The nursing professional attitude related to campus life satisfaction n(p=0.004), employment preparation(p=0.002), factors affecting employment(p=0.005), and employment strategy related with motivation for entering(p=0.018), average credits(p<0.001), employment preparation(p<0.001), information route of employment(p=0.048) showed statistical significance. A significant and positive correlation was found between nursing professional attitude and employment strategy(r=0.472, p<0.001). Nursing professional attitude(${\beta}=0.462$, p<0.001) was found to be an influential variable in core fundamental nursing education programs. The regression model explained 29% of the core fundamental nursing education program(F=17.79, p<0.001). In conclusion, nursing students' nursing professional attitude was related to employment strategy. To increase the core fundamental nursing skills, it is necessary to develop a practical education program and institutional strategies to establish a nursing professional attitude and strengthen employment strategy.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.40 no.sup
• /
• pp.29-38
• /
• 2007

The purpose of this study was to establish an association between the percent of energy from total sugar and disease prevalence of obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome with the context of the current population dietary practice in Korea. The Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey, 2001 and 2002 dataset were used as the source of data for this research. Usual nutritional intakes for over 20 years old people were calculated from the two non-consecutive dietary intake data from KNHANES 2001 and 2002 dataset. SAS and SUDAAN were used for statistical analyses. Sample weighted means, standard errors, and population percentages were calculated, and multiple logistic regression model with adjustment for covariates were used to determine the odds ratios(ORs) and 95% confidence intervals. Subjects were categorized as 3 ways and compared the LS means and ORs for heath factors. First, subjects excluding pregnant women, were categorized according to percent of energy from the usual total sugar intakes as ${\leq}10%$, 11-15%, 16-20%, 21-25%, >25%. Risk of LDL cholesterol showed a tendency to increase in the '>25%' group compared to the '<10%' group. The risks of the other health effects did not show any significant differences. Second, the subjects were categorized considering both Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range(AMDR) from carbohydrate and %Energy from total sugar as 'CHO<55% & Total sugar ${\leq}10%$', 'CHO 55-70% & Total sugar 11-25%', and '$CHO{\geq}70%$ & Total sugar ${\geq}25%$'. The risk of obesity tended to increase in the '$CHO{\geq}70%$ & Total sugar ${\geq}25%$' group compared to the 'CHO<55% & Total sugar ${\leq}10%$'. Third, the subjects were categorized as 'CHO<55% & Total sugar ${\leq}10%$', 'CHO 55-70% & Total sugar 11-20%', and '$CHO{\geq}70%$ & Total sugar ${\geq}20%$'. The risk of obesity also tended to increase in the '$CHO{\geq}70%$ & Total sugar ${\geq}20%$' group compared to the 'CHO<55% & Total sugar ${\geq}20%$' group. In conclusion, risk of LDL cholesterol showed a tendency to increase in the over 25% total sugar intake group, and the risk of obesity tended to increase in the 20-25% total sugar intake and high carbohydrate intake group. The risks of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome were not associated with total sugar intakes. More research to elucidate the association for Korean between the intakes of total sugar, added sugar, glucose, fructose, and sweeteners and diseases prevalences shoud be excuted in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.34 no.4
• /
• pp.567-571
• /
• 2005

In this study, the effects of varying the amount of water, soaking time at $25^{\circ}C$ and drying time after soaking at $45^{\circ}C$ on the induction of resveratrol were evaluated to optimize the soaking treatment by response surface methodology (RSM). After response surface regression (RSREG), the second-order polynomial equation was fitted to the experimental data. The analysis of variance showed that the model appeared to be adequate $(R^2=0.9547)$ with no significant lack of fit (p>0.1). From statistical analysis, amount of water and soaking time were found to be significant factors. On the other hand, drying time was not significant. Ridge analysis showed that the optimized parameters were $67.15\%$ for amount of water, 19.58 hr for soaking time, 65.56 hr for drying time. It was confirmed that resveratrol content was increased from $0.1\;{\mu}g/g$ to $4.55\;{\mu}g/g$ under the optimized conditions. In addition, the experimental values at the optimized condition agreed with values predicted by ridge analysis. The analytical method validation parameters such as accuracy, precision, and specificity were calculated to ensure the method's validity.

• Journal of Distribution Science
• /
• v.11 no.10
• /
• pp.5-15
• /
• 2013

Purpose - With the increase in fervor to purchase luxury brands, new social problems have arisen, such as excessive preoccupation with luxury brands and high preference for forged luxury goods. Therefore, the issues related to luxury brands, termed "Luxury Syndrome," have emerged as an area of great interest for researchers and practitioners. However, previous studies neglect to categorize this preference for luxury brands. Therefore, this study aims to identify the different purchasing behaviors of consumers using the types of luxury brands preferences as parameters. Research design, data, and methodology - This study arranges a causal relationship model assuming that purchase behaviors positively (+) affect typified preference for luxury brands and purchase intentions. We administered a questionnaire survey to the purchasers who bought luxury brands from department stores to secure additional data necessary to verify the hypotheses in this study. We then processed the data using SPSS 19.0. We further analyzed the basic data using frequency and descriptive statistical analysis, and verified the measurement tools through feasibility and reliability analyses. Moreover, this study uses multiple regression analysis to verify the hypotheses. Further, this study tests the path effect between luxury brand purchase attitude and purchase behavior, with non-intrinsic preference and intrinsic preference as the mediating variables. Results - Based on the results, the impact of tendencies of conspicuous consumption and self-monitoring on non-intrinsic preference was significantly positive (+), while the impact of tendencies of pursuit of a reference group, conspicuous consumption, and self-monitoring on intrinsic preference and purchase intentions was significantly positive (+). Further, non-intrinsic and intrinsic preferences positively (+) influence purchase intentions and the impact of non-intrinsic preference took an absolute portion. However, the tendency of dependence on brands negatively (-) impacts purchase intentions. The results showed that self-monitoring and conspicuous consumption tendencies have greater effect on purchase intention, which is mediated by non-intrinsic preference. In contrast, reference group following tendency has a greater effect on purchase intention, which is mediated by intrinsic preference. Conclusions - Based on the results, the study verifies that the consumption of luxury brands in Korea has not yet entered the settling period. The tendency for conspicuous consumption and the tendency for pursuit of the reference group were relatively important aspects for the consumers who prefer luxury brands non-intrinsically and intrinsically, respectively. Especially, it was found that the purchase intentions for forged brands originate from the tendency to depend on brands. Based on these findings, this study suggests the measures to develop and mature the luxury brands market, and reinforce marketing performance at the three levels, that is, government, distributors, and manufacturers. The luxury brands manufacturers should devote themselves to the production and design of products to catch the attention of mature consumers of luxury brands. The luxury brands distributors should then raise the level of Customer Relationship Management (CRM) for opinion leaders. Finally, the Government should prepare effective policies for the development of luxury brands and provide a variety of economic support.

• Journal of Distribution Science
• /
• v.11 no.10
• /
• pp.93-105
• /
• 2013

Purpose - This empirical analysis determines the structured causal relations between perceived value, customer satisfaction, and repurchase intention among users of traditional markets. The results of this analysis would help merchants and market operators indevisingan appropriate strategy to successfully manage traditional markets. Research design, data, methodology - The perceived value model of traditional markets includes functional value (price), functional value (quality), emotional value, and social value. In this study, the perceived value of traditional markets is considered as an independent variable, while customer satisfaction and repurchase intention are shown as the dependent variables, where customer satisfaction is also considered as the mediating variable. The study aims to ascertain the extent of influence of the perceived value of traditional markets on customer satisfaction and repurchase intention. We use regression analysis to verify the effects. The measurement items were already deemed as reliable and valid in the previous study, but for this purpose, we made some modifications. We distributed questionnaires to 300 consumers on a national scale, and finally used 241 consumer responses among these as a sample. We analyzed the data using the SPSS 21.0 statistical program. Results - We obtained the following results. First, the order of perceived value dimensions of traditional markets that positively impact customer satisfaction is functional value (price), social value, emotional value, and functional value (quality). Second, the perceived value sometimes directly affects repurchase intention; its effect is typically strong with customer satisfaction as a parameter. The order of perceived value dimensions that positively impact repurchase intention is social value, functional value (price), emotional value, and functional value (quality). Third, the perceived value significantly influences repurchase intention, with customer satisfaction as the mediating variable. Conclusions - We should recognize the importance of perceived value in retail distribution markets, such as traditional markets. Moreover, we need to develop strategies to improve the perceived value. The practical implications of the study are as follows. First, with regards to functional value (quality; price) dimensions, we should have an appropriate assortment of high quality products that are reasonably priced. In addition, customers are satisfied with the friendly service, discounts, and other benefits provided by the merchants. Second, in terms of emotional value dimension, we need to develop differentiated events that provide fun and emotional experience to the customers. Third, in the context of social values dimension, we should strive to positively influence society to enhance social image through activities such as social services and contribution to community development. On the basis of these results, we present the implications, limitations, and future directions for the research. One of the policy implications of the study is that merchants of traditional markets must actively select customers and develop customer value. However, this study is limited in the fact that the population used for data collection is not fully representative, as the survey only covered some specific areas. Moreover, future studies could also benefit with additional research using moderating variables.

• Toxicological Research
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.89-100
• /
• 2004

The comet assay (also called the single-cell gel electrophoresis assay) has been widely used for detecting DNA damage and repair in individual cells. Since the conventional methods of evaluating comet assay data using frequency statistics are unsatisfactory we developed a new quantitative measure of DNA damage/repair that is based on all information residing in the dose/time-response curves of a comet experiment. Blood samples were taken from 25 breast cancer patients before undergoing radiotherapy. The comet assay was performed under alkaline conditions using isolated lymphocytes. Tail DNA, tail length, tail moment and tail inertia of the comet were measured for each patient at four doses of $\gamma$-rays (0, 2, 4 and 8 Gy) and at four time points after irradiation (0, 10, 20 and 30 min) using 100 cells each. The resulting three-dimensional dose-time response surface was modeled by multiple regression, and the second derivative, termed 2D, on dose and time was determined. A software module was programmed in SAS/AF to compute 2D values. We applied the new method successfully to data obtained from cancer patients to be assessed for their radiation sensitivity. We computed the 2D values for the four damage measures, i.e., tail moment, tail length, tail DNA and tail inertia, and examined the pairwise correlation coefficients of 2D both on the log scale and the unlogged scale. 2D values based on tail moment and tail DNA showed a high correlation and, therefore, these two damage measures can be used interchangeably as far as DNA repair is concerned. 2D values based on tail inertia have a correlation profile different from the other 2D values which may reflect different facets of DNA damage/repair. Using the dose-time response surface, other statistical models, e.g., the proportional hazards model, become applicable for data analysis. The 2D approach can be applied to all DNA repair measures, Le., tail moment, tail length, tail DNA and tail inertia, and appears to be superior to conventional evaluation methods as it integrates all data of the dose/time-response curves of a comet assay.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.13 no.5
• /
• pp.2259-2266
• /
• 2012

This study was analyzed the 119 rescuers' image of citizens to provide a fundamental material to improve 119 rescuers' image effectively. This research design was a descriptive study. Data were collected from November 9, 2011 to December 9, 2011, and analyzed by SPSS PASW statistics 18.0 program. Among the 4 subcategories of the image, occupational image was found the highest value($3.17{\pm}0.36$), and the social image($2.81{\pm}0.48$) was found the lowest. There were statistical different between age($p$ <.001), occupation($p$ <.001), whether or not the emergency first response education is completed($p$ <.05), and whether or not 119 emergency service is received($p$ <.05). In the result of multivariate regression analysis, adjusted $R^2$ value was 0.120. The model fit 12.0%. Occupation (students, housewives and office workers) and those who completed emergency first response education were showed a positive image of 119 rescuers. There is a need to compare and analyze the image of 119 rescuers in accordance with whether or not 119 emergency service is received and the satisfaction with the emergency service under the control of the general characteristics(sex, age, occupation, economic level, etc.) of subjects.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• v.53 no.4
• /
• pp.311-317
• /
• 2011

The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between economic traits of Korean cattle (Hanwoo) and genetic variation in fatty acid binding protein 5 (FABP5) gene within QTL region of carcass weight and marbling score traits on BTA 14. We sequenced for detection of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) with 24 unrelated Hanwoo samples and identified four SNPs (-1141A>G, 949A>G, 969A>G and 1085C>G). Relationship between the genotypes of 583 Hanwoo individuals by PCR-RFLP and economic traits were analyzed by the mixed regression model implemented in the ASReml program. As the result of statistical analysis, SNP1 (-1141A>G) showed significant effect (p<0.003) on marbling score (MS) and SNP2 (949A>G) showed significant effect (p<0.034) on eye muscle area (EMA). Further studies are required to validate the significant SNPs in a bigger population, but the SNPs (-1141A>G and 949A>G) of FABP5 could be a genetic marker to estimate molecular breeding value (MEBV) for carcass traits in Hanwoo.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.133-147
• /
• 2012

This study is intended to analyze how emotional reaction based on consumption experience of dining at Korean traditional restaurants affects comsumer's repurchase intention. These restaurants are chosen from lists of high quality Korean traditional restaurants designated by the Restaurant Association in Busan. And then a model for the study is designed based on preceding studies and hypotheses are extracted. A statistical package program, SPSS WIN Version 18.0 is used for frequency analysis, reliability analysis and factorial analysis and regression analysis to verify the hypotheses. As the result of verifying how experience of dining at a Korean traditional restaurant affected arousal among emotional reactions, the symbolism factor and the variety factor were all proved to be meaningful, whereas the amusement factor was proved to be meaningless. As the result of verifying how experience of dining at the restaurant affected dominance among emotional reactions, the symbolism, amusement, and variety factors were all proved to be meaningful. As the result of verifying how emotional reactions affected consumer's repurchasing, the arousal and dominance factors were all proved to be meaningful. Moreover, as the result of verifying how experience of dining at the restaurant affected consumer's repurchasing, the variety and amusement factors were all proved to be meaningful, whereas the symbolism factor was proved to be meaningless.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
• /
• v.35 no.2
• /
• pp.157-171
• /
• 2013

Purpose: This study aims to present a database for the development of a healthcare management program based on the survey and analysis of self reported psychosomatic symptoms among the current dental technology students. Methods: Subjects of our study are 480 dental technology major students enrolled in a third year college located Gyeonggi, Chungcheong, and Gangwon province. Using a random sampling, we conducted a self-report survey from August 30, 2011 to October 28, 2011 and 418 reports were collected as feedback and we put an analysis on them. Results: 1. The average physical self symptom was 20.49, which is higher than the average mental self symptom(18.54). Of the subcategories of psychosomatic self symptom, we observed multiple subjective symptoms as the highest one(37.77), and aggression as the lowest(13.77). 2. As to gender, both physical and mental self symptom were statistically significant with the scale score of(p<.001). The scale score of subcategories is as follows; multiple subjective symptoms(I, p<.001), eye and skin(B, p<.001), digestive(C, p<.001), impulsiveness(H, p<.001), lie scale(L, p<.001), mental instability(J, p<.001), depression(K, p<.001), aggression(F, p<.001), irregularity of life(G, p<.001), mouth and anal(D, p<.05), nervousness(E, p<.05). 3. As for obesity, statistical significance was shown with the scale scores of physical self symptom(p<.001), multiple subjective symptoms(I, p<.001), digestive(C, p<.001), aggression(F, p<.001), depression(K, p<.01), irregularity of life(G, p<.01), respiratory(A, p<.05), eye and skin(B, p<.05), impulsiveness(H, p<.05), mental instability(J, p<.05). The scale scores in the environmental quality and life satisfaction were shown as follows; depression(K, p<.001), lie scale(L, p<.01), and irregularity of life(G, p<.05). 4. We employed multiple regression analysis to take account of general factors affecting psychosomatic self symptoms, and drew that the explanatory power of the model was proved with the scales of physical self symptom(4.1%) and mental self-symptom(3.6%). Obesity was a factor that affects physical self symptom with the scale score of(p<.01), and environmental quality and life satisfaction(p<.01) and obesity(p<.05) affect mental self symptom. Conclusion: In this analysis we observed obesity of dental technology students can influence their psychosomatic self symptoms. In this sense, it would be reasonable to develop a healthcare management and education programs that help the students maintain a healthy weight and promote their health.