• Title/Summary/Keyword: State Property

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Discrete-time BLUFIR filter (이산시간 무편향 선형 최적 유한구간 필터)

  • 박상환;권욱현;권오규
    • 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 1996.10b
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    • pp.980-983
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    • 1996
  • A new version of the discrete-time optimal FIR (finite impulse response) filter utilizing only the measurements of finite sliding estimation window is suggested for linear time-invariant state-space models. This filter is called the BLUFIR (best linear unbiased finite impulse response) filter since it provides the BLUE (best linear unbiased estimate) of the state obtained from the measurements of the estimation window. It is shown that the BLUFIR filter has the deadbeat property when there are no noises in the estimation window.

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Synthesis and Hydration Property of 3CaO.${3Al_2}{O_3}$.$CaSO_4$ Clinker by Solid State Reaction (고상반응에 의한 3CaO.${3Al_2}{O_3}$.$CaSO_4$ 클링커의 제조 및 수화)

  • 전준영;김형철;조진상;송종택
    • Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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    • v.37 no.5
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    • pp.459-465
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    • 2000
  • 3CaO.3Al2O3.CaSO4(C4A3)clinker was prepared by solid state reaction and then its hydration property was investigated. C4A3 clinker was fired at various temperatures in the range of 700~135$0^{\circ}C$. The hydration of it was studied by XRD, DSC, Solid-state 27Al MAS NMR and SEM. According to the results, the Ca4A3 clinker was produced by reacting calcium aluminates with CaSO4 and Al2O3 and C4A3 was formed as a main phase after calcining at 120$0^{\circ}C$. The hydration products were mainly calcium monosulfoaluminate hydrate and Al(OH)3, and they were produced after 2hrs of hydration. However the hydration rate was about 74% at 3days.

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The Realization of Binary Systems by the Latent Stress Model

  • Choi, Daiwoo
    • Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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    • v.23 no.1
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    • pp.50-63
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    • 1995
  • We study under what condition the probability of the failure state of each component is realized by the latent stress model which considers the cause of the failure as well as the state of the given system. As a result, when the number of the components is less than or equal to 3, the $MTP_2$ property is a necessary and sufficient condition for the realization of the probability of system state by the latent stress model. Moreover, if the probability of the system state involving 2 or 3 components satisfies the $MTP_2$ property, one could guess that each component is under the same stress.

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Electro-conductive polymer by $\gamma$-ray irradiation ($\gamma$-선 조사방식에 의한 전도성 폴리머 제작 특성)

  • ;;;G.A. Mun;V.A. Kovtunets;Z.S. Nurkeeva;V.V. Khutoryanskiy
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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    • 2003.05a
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    • pp.762-765
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    • 2003
  • 에틸렌글리콜(ethyleneglycol)을 이용한 폴리비닐에테르(polyvinyl ether)와 같은 고분자물질을 활용하여 Co$^{30}$ 방사선원으로부터 ${\gamma}$선을 조사시켜, 고분자 물질의 성질을 변화시킴으로써 화학, 전기전자, 환경 및 기타 여러 가지 응용분야에 적용하여 이용할 수 있는 기술을 개발하였다. 이를 바탕으로 관련재료의 단량체(monomer)로부터 중합체(polymer)를 합성하여 water swelling을 시키는 과정에서 각종 (금속) 이온을 흡입-제거하는 방법의 환경복원기술, 흡입 금속이온을 표면에 밀집시켜 금속막을 형성하는 응용기술, 생체조직의 대용물질로 활용하는 의용공학 및 열감지특성(thermal sensitive property) 또는 pH 감지특성(pH sensitive property)을 이용하여 의용기술에 적용하는 polymer 응용기술 등의 폭넓은 활용을 위하여 그 일환으로 전도성 고분자 제조기술로의 활용가능성을 연구하였다.

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[ $H_2/H_{\infty}$ ] FIR Filters for Discrete-time State Space Models

  • Lee Young-Sam;Han Soo-Hee;Kwon Wook-Hyun
    • International Journal of Control, Automation, and Systems
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    • v.4 no.5
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    • pp.645-652
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    • 2006
  • In this paper a new type of filter, called the $H_2/H_{\infty}$ FIR filter, is proposed for discrete-time state space signal models. The proposed filter requires linearity, unbiased property, FIR structure, and independence of the initial state information in addition to the performance criteria in both $H_2$ and $H_{infty}$ sense. It is shown that $H_2,\;H_{\infty}$, and $H_2/H_{\infty}$ FIR filter design problems can be converted into convex programming problems via linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) with a linear equality constraint. Simulation studies illustrate that the proposed FIR filter is more robust against temporary uncertainties and has faster convergence than the conventional IIR filters.

Virtual Assets as the Newest Object of Property Rights

  • Davydova, Iryna;Zhurylo, Serhii;Tserkovna, Olena;Herasymchuk, Lidiia;Tokareva, Vira
    • International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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    • v.22 no.5
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    • pp.115-120
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    • 2022
  • New realities of social relations are changing the understanding of certain phenomena, including the emergence of new concepts among the objects of property rights, such as: virtual assets, and the circulation of virtual assets. The rapid development of the virtual assets market involves the legislative consolidation of the status of such assets, changes in taxation, their circulation, and so on. These circumstances increase the interest in the study of virtual assets as the latest object of property rights and necessitate the study of this topic. The work aims to explore the theoretical developments and regulations on virtual assets in the modern world, as well as to summarize the conclusions about virtual assets as the latest object of property rights. The object of research is the content of the concept of "virtual asset" and its legal status. The methodology of work is represented by a set of methods and techniques that were used to achieve this goal, namely: hermeneutic, historical, extrapolation, comparative law, generalization, analysis, synthesis, and deduction. The study analyzed different approaches to understanding virtual assets, analyzed the characteristics of virtual assets, and concluded that in today's conditions there is no single unified legal regulation of virtual assets, although many countries are moving towards consolidating the status of virtual assets.

Effect of Ni Addition on Bainite Transformation and Properties in a 2000 MPa Grade Ultrahigh Strength Bainitic Steel

  • Tian, Junyu;Xu, Guang;Jiang, Zhengyi;Hu, Haijiang;Zhou, Mingxing
    • Metals and materials international
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    • v.24 no.6
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    • pp.1202-1212
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    • 2018
  • The effects of Nickle (Ni) addition on bainitic transformation and property of ultrahigh strength bainitic steels are investigated by three austempering processes. The results indicate that Ni addition hinders the isothermal bainite transformation kinetics, and decreases the volume fraction of bainite due to the decrease of chemical driving force for nucleation and growth of bainite transformation. Moreover, the product of tensile strength and total elongation (PSE) of high carbon bainitic steels decreases with Ni addition at higher austempering temperatures (220 and $250^{\circ}C$), while it shows no significant difference at lower austempering temperature ($200^{\circ}C$). For the same steel (Ni-free or Ni-added steel), the amounts of bainite and RA firstly increase and then decrease with the increase of the austempering temperature, resulting in the highest PSE in the sample austempered at temperature of $220^{\circ}C$. In addition, the effects of austempering time on bainite amount and property of high carbon bainitic steels are also analyzed. It indicates that in a given transformation time range of 30 h, more volume of bainite and better mechanical property in high carbon bainitic steels can be obtained by increasing the isothermal transformation time.

Application of Procedures to Calculate Thermodynamic Properties of Carbon Dioxide, HFC-134a and HCFC-22

  • Park Hyoung Joon;Park Kyoung Kuhn
    • International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration
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    • v.12 no.4
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    • pp.176-183
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    • 2004
  • Systematic methods to calculate thermodynamic properties of carbon dioxide, HFC-134a and HCFC-22 are presented. First, application of a basic method to identify the saturation state with given temperature or pressure is attempted and the feasibility of auxil­iary equations is tested. Next, detailed procedures are suggested to tell a phase when tem­perature/pressure and another property are specified. Finally the Newton-Raphson method is applied to calculate unknown thermodynamic properties fixing the state with the two inde­pendent properties specified. The procedures described here are utilized to develop a computer program, which is used to find the relation between temperature and pressure with maximum isobaric heat capacity for super-critical carbon dioxide.

Application of Procedures to Calculate Thermodynamic Properties of Carbon Dioxide, HFC-l34a and HCFC-22 (이산화탄소, HFC-l34a, HCFC-22의 열역학적 상태량 계산 절차의 응용)

  • 박형준;박경근
    • Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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    • v.15 no.5
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    • pp.389-396
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    • 2003
  • Systematic methods to calculate thermodynamic properties of carbon dioxide, HFC-l34a and HCFC-22 are presented. First, application of a basic method to identify the saturation state with given temperature or pressure is attempted and the feasibility of auxiliary equations is tested. Next, detailed procedures are suggested to tell a phase when temperature/pressure and another property are specified. Finally Newton-Raphson method is applied to calculate unknown thermodynamic properties fixing the state with the two independent properties specified. The procedures described here are utilized to develop a computer program, which is used to find the relation between temperature and pressure with maximum isobaric heat capacity for super-critical carbon dioxide.