• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.41-51
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• 2024

Objective : This study aimed to assess the applicability of the Yonsei Lifestyle Profile (YLP), initially developed for adults, for adolescents and verify its reliability and validity. Methods : This study evaluated the reliability and validity of the YLP among 436 middle and high school students in South Korea. The internal consistency of this scale was analyzed using Cronbach's alpha and Spearman-Brown's coefficient. Concurrent validity was assessed using Pearson's correlation coefficient with the Korean Youth Physical Activity Questionnaire, the Korean version of the Children and Adolescents Participation Scale, and the Nutrition Quotient for Adolescents. Results : The overall internal consistency of the YLP items demonstrated high reliability, with a Cronbach's α of .811 and Spearman-Brown's coefficient of .779. Significant positive correlations were observed for physical activity (r=.555, p<.01), activity participation (r=.177, p<.01), and dietary habits (r=.633, p<.05), indicating consistent correlations with the related scales. Conclusion : This study analyzed the YLP targeting adolescents and confirmed its high reliability and significant validity in the areas of physical activity, activity participation, and dietary habits. These findings suggest that the YLP can be utilized as a reliable tool for evaluating healthy lifestyles among adolescents.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.44-50
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• 2020

Background: Drug-drug interactions (DDIs) in patients using oral anticancer treatment are more common than in those using injectable anticancer agents. In addition, DDIs related to anticancer treatment are known to cause clinically significant outcomes, such as treatment failure and severe toxicity. To prevent these negative outcomes, significant DDIs are monitored and managed using the information provided in drug databases. We aimed to evaluate the consistency of information on clinically significant DDIs for tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) between representative drug databases. Methods: We selected clinically significant DDIs involving medications that are co-prescribed with TKIs and met the following criteria: the severity level of DDIs was equal or greater than "D" in Lexicomp^® or "major" in Micromedex^®. We then analyzed the consistency of the severity classification and evidence level between the drug databases. Spearman's correlation coefficient was used to identify the relationship between DDI information in the drug databases. Results: In total, 627 DDI pairs were identified as clinically significant; information on these was provided by Lexicomp^® and Micromedex^® for 571 and 438 pairs, respectively, and both drug databases provided information on 382 DDI pairs. There was no correlation between the severity and evidence level of DDIs provided in the two databases; Spearman's correlation coefficient for Lexicomp^® and Micromedex^® was -0.009 (p=0.861) and -0.064 (p=0.209), respectively. Conclusion: To judge the significance of DDIs, healthcare providers should consider that the information on DDIs may be different between drug information databases; hence, clinical factors must be considered concurrently.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.603-610
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• 2020

The sleep measurement system is important to detect sleep disturbances as early as possible to be diagnosed and treat the diseases quickly. This paper presents design of system to measure the quality of sleep by using nine accelerometer sensors embedded in the pillow to detect the acceleration of limb movement, e.g. head movements. The participants were asked to sleep using a smart pillow for five days. While sleeping, participants are recorded using a camera on a computer. After awakening, participants were asked to fill out a post-sleep questionnaire. Spearman's correlation was performed to test the correlation of gross body movement per minute rate with post-sleep questionnaire questions. Finally, the seven score of sleep quality were tested with gross body movement per minute rate. The result is the higher gross body movement per minute during sleep represented lower sleep quality.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.76-82
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• 2009

Objectives: Ryodoraku diagnosis has been used frequently since Nakatani invented it in 1950. There are many papers about how to use Ryodoraku diagnosis in many diseases, but there are no studies about the repeatability and reproducibility of the Ryodoraku score. The aim of this study was to investigate the repeatability and reproducibility of the Ryodoraku score. Materials and Methods: There were four examiners who trained for more than a month, and the number of subjects was twenty. Each of the examiners made Ryodoraku diagnosis for ten subjects three times. We analyzed data by SPSS, used Friedman test, Wilcoxon signer rank test and Spearman correlation test. Results: 1. There was no significant difference between first, second, and third Ryodoraku score by Friedman test in examiners A, B, C, and D, so there was repeatability. 2. There was very high correlation on first, second, third Ryodoraku score by Spearman correlation test in examiners A, B, C, and 0, so there was repeatability. 3. There was high ICC among Ryodoraku score by examiners B, C, and D, so there was reproducibility. 4. After observing four examiners' Ryodoraku diagnoses, we could see the discord of measure points, the amount of hydration before examination, the amount of pressure, examination time, or positions of subjects diagnosed with Ryodoraku incorrectly. Conclusion: There is repeatability and reproducibility of Ryodoraku diagnosis. However, it is still important that one examiner carry out the diagnosis if possible. When there are two or more examiners, they should train extensively and follow manuals.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.548-558
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to develop a computer software program for nutritional assessment using a Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQFFQs) and the 24-hour Recall Method. The software for the SQFFQ was divided into input, output, and database. For dietary analyses, recipe and food databases were used. The recipe database included 25 items and the food database was divided into 18 food groups. The food database was composed of 19 general nutrient items, 33 fatty acids, and 18 amino acids. The software developed in this study can be summarized as follows: 1) input items related to the individual s ages information, lifestyle, biological values, and dietary habits; 2) individualized data in percent of the Korean RDA, the energy ratios of carbohydrates, proteins and fats, the ratio of animal to plant source intakes, and the distribution of food group intakes; 3) Statistical data on the individual's information, lifestyle, biological values, and dietary intakes including the frequency of intake of cooked foods, the amounts of food, and the number of food groups, and nutrients. In the 24-hour Recall Method, the input and output consisted of the individual s information and cooked dish intakes. The individual s report included the amounts of nutrient intake according to number of meal and days, in comparison to the Korean RDA, the energy ratio for carbohydrates, proteins and fats, the ratio of animal to plant source intakes, and the distribution of food group intakes. The statistical report presented the number of food groups and foods, and the nutrient intakes. To evaluate the validity of the SQFFQ, the Spearman Rank Order Correlation and kappa values were used. As a result, correlation coefficients comparing the 24-hour Recall Method appeared to be more than 0.5, except for vitamin $B_1, B_2$, niacin, and vitamin E. The kappa values for energy and carbohydrate intakes were both 0.7, and protein, fat, vitamin C, folate, Ca, and iron intakes ranged from 0.3 to 0.7.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.440-450
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• 2016

Objectives: We previously developed a dish-based semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) for Korean adolescents and reported that it had reasonable reliability and validity. The objective of the current study was to construct a web-based dietary evaluation system applying the FFQ for Korean adolescents and examine its applicability in the context of reliability and validity. Methods: A web-based food frequency questionnaire system was designed using a comprehensive approach, incorporating not only dietary data survey but also up-to-date nutrition information and individualized eating behavior guidelines. A convenience sample of 50 boys and girls aged 12~18 years agreed to participate in the study and completed the FFQ twice and 3 days of dietary recall on the developed website during a two-month period. The FFQ's reliability and validity was examined using correlation and cross classification analysis. We also measured participants' subjective levels of the web site's usability, visual effect, understanding, and familiarity. Results: Spearman correlation coefficients for reliability ranged from 0.74 (for vitamin A) to 0.94 (for energy). From cross-classification analyses, the proportion of subjects in the same intake quartile was highest for energy (82.0%) and lowest for vitamin A (56.0%). With regard to validity analysis, Spearman correlation coefficients ranged from 0.34 (for fiber) to 0.79 (for energy). The proportions of subjects in the opposite categories between the first FFQ and 3-day diet recall data were generally low from 0.00% (for fat) to 36.2% (for sodium). Average subjective levels of the website's usability, visual effect, understanding, and familiarity were all found to be over 4 points out of 5 points. Conclusions: The web-based dietary evaluation system developed can serve as a valid and attractive tool for administering FFQ to Korean adolescents.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.169-176
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• 2007

Objectives : This study was conducted to elicit quality weights for 42 EQ-5D health states with the time trade-off (TTO) method from the general population of South Korea. Methods : We selected the same EQ-5D health states as those in the UK MVH study. The Korean version of EQ-5D questionnaire and TTO method were used for the valuation process. We interviewed 500 people as a representative sample of the general population in Seoul and Gyeonggido. The result was compared with those from UK, Japan, and USA by Spearman's rank correlation and t-test. Results : TTO values for 42 EQ-5D health states and 'unconscious' state were obtained from the general South Korean population. The best one was '11112' state and the worst one was 'unconscious' state. The states worse than death were '33323', '33333', and 'unconscious' states, which had negative TTO values. There was a strong correlation between TTO values of the EQ-5D health states and those of their corresponding states from UK, Japan, and USA (Spearman's correlation coefficient: 0.885, 0.882, and 0.944, respectively, p <0.001). However, absolute TTO values of most EQ-5D health states were significantly different from those of their corresponding states in other foreign studies (UK : 41/42, USA : 32/42, Japan : 15/17). Conclusions : We found that the Korean general population TTO values for EQ-5D health states were different from those of other foreign studies, suggesting that a specific Korean valuation set should be developed and used for economic evaluation studies in South Korea.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.705-713
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to identify the effect of virtual reality simulation education and intend to present basic data that enables virtual reality simulation education to be used as practical education. Data were collected from April 26 to June 4, 2021 and analyzed by paired t-test, Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test, Spearman's correlation coefficient using IBM SPSS Statistics 25 program. The results of this study showed that critical thinking disposition, clinical competency, practice satisfaction was improved after virtual reality simulation education. And there were a positive correlation with each other. Virtual reality simulation education is considered a very effective teaching method for nursing students. It is necessary to develop and apply more diverse and systematic scenarios and practice programs in future research.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.39-47
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• 2024

Time series analysis is widely employed by many organizations to solve business problems, as it extracts various information and insights from chronologically ordered data. Among its applications, measuring time series similarity is a step to identify time series with similar patterns, which is very important in time series analysis applications such as time series search and clustering. In this study, we propose an efficient method for measuring time series similarity that focuses on anomalies rather than the entire series. In this regard, we validate the proposed method by measuring and analyzing the rank correlation between the similarity measure for the set of subsets extracted by anomaly detection and the similarity measure for the whole time series. Experimental results, especially with stock time series data and an anomaly proportion of 10%, demonstrate a Spearman's rank correlation coefficient of up to 0.9. In conclusion, the proposed method can significantly reduce computation cost of measuring time series similarity, while providing reliable time series search and clustering results.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.380-388
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• 2019

The studies regarding soil bacterial community and correlation analysis of wild-simulated ginseng cultivation area are insufficient. The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between soil bacterial community and growth characteristics of wild-simulated ginseng for selection of suitable cultivation area. The bacterial community was investigated by high throughput sequencing technique (Illumina platform). The correlation coefficient between soil bacterial community and growth characteristics were analyzed using Spearman's rank correlation. The soil bacterial community from soil samples of 8 different wild-simulated ginseng cultivated area exhibited two distinct clusters, cluster 1 and cluster 2. The relative abundance of Proteobacteria (35.4%) and Alphaproteobacteria(24.4%) was observed to be highest in all soil samples. The lower soil pH and higher abundance of Acidobacteria resulted in increased growth of wild-simulated ginseng. Additionally, abundance of Acidobacteriia (class) and Koribacteraceae (family) demonstrated significant positive correlation with fresh weight of wild-simulated ginseng. The results of this study clearly state the correlation between growth characteristic and soil bacterial community of wild-simulated ginseng cultivation area, thereby offering effective insight into selection of suitable cultivation area of wild-simulated ginseng.