• ETRI Journal
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.589-599
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• 2011

This paper presents an image description and matching scheme using synthetic features for a recommendation service. The recommendation service is an example of smart search because it offers something before a user's request. In the proposed extraction scheme, an image is described by synthesized spatial and statistical features. The spatial feature is designed to increase the discriminability by reflecting delicate variations. The statistical feature is designed to increase the robustness by absorbing small variations. For extracting spatial features, we partition the image into concentric circles and extract four characteristics using a spatial relation. To extract statistical features, we adapt three transforms into the image and compose a 3D histogram as the final statistical feature. The matching schemes are designed hierarchically using the proposed spatial and statistical features. The result shows that each feature is better than the compared algorithms that use spatial or statistical features. Additionally, if we adapt the proposed whole extraction and matching scheme, the overall performance will become 98.44% in terms of the correct search ratio.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.472-476
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• 2009

From the comparison of the current systems for the spatial statistical information in some countries, USA, UK, Canada, and Japan, it was reviewed how to manage and control the spatial statistical information. And it was discussed on the types of the administrative structures and the law systems, and the types of the applications to manage the spatial statistical information. Finally, it was suggested to the strategies for the standardization of spatial statistical information as the NGIS framework data.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.519-533
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• 2004

In this paper, we suggest quasi-likelihood estimation (QLE) method and its robust version in estimating spatial dependence modelled through variogram used for spatial data modelling. We compare the statistical characteristics of the estimators with other popular least squares estimators of parameters for variogram model by simulation study. The QLE method for estimating spatial dependence has the advantages that it does not need the concept of lags commonly required for least squares estimation methods as well as its statistical superiority. The QLE method also shows the statistical superiority to the other methods for the tested Gaussian and non-Gaussian spatial processes.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.424-438
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• 2016

In an effort to prevent urban decline and hollowing-out phenomenon and to vitalize stagnant local economy, a new urban regeneration paradigm is on the rise. This study aims to analyze urban decline characteristics using the spatial statistical method and GIS on the basis of decline standards in the Urban Regeneration Special Act, and spatial autocorrelation technique. The Gwangju Metropolitan City was set as a research target, and the decline standards in the Urban Regeneration Special Act - population reduction, business declines, and outworn buildings - were applied as the indicator to secure the objectivity. In particular, this study has a distinctive feature from the other existing ones, as applying GIS and the spatial statistical technique, in a sense to make urban decline characteristics analysis by the spatial autocorrelation technique. The overall analysis procedure was carried out by applying the standards of designating urban regeneration regions, and following the spatial exploratory procedure step by step. Therefore, the spatial statistical method procedure and the urban decline characteristics analysis data being presented in this study, as the results, are expected to contribute to the urban decline diagnosis at the level of metropolitan city, as well as to provide useful information for spatial decision making in accordance with urban regeneration.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.193-204
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• 2010

Recently, researchers of the various fields where the spatial analysis is needed have more interested in spatial statistics. In case of data with spatial correlation, methodologies accounting for the correlation are required and there have been developments in methods for spatial data analysis. Lattice data among spatial data is analyzed with following three procedures: (1) definition of the spatial neighborhood, (2) definition of spatial weight, and (3) the analysis using spatial models. The present paper shows a spatial statistical analysis method superior to a general statistical method in aspect estimation by using the trimmed mean squared error statistic, when we analysis the spatial lattice data that outliers are included. To show validation and usefulness of contents in this paper, we perform a small simulation study and show an empirical example with a criminal data in BusanJin-Gu, Korea.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.116-126
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• 2003

In this study, we research about the relationships of human longevity and environments, inducted the significant factors of longevity from the statistical analysis, and represented spatial distribution of longevity using geographic information system. The factors confining human longevity can be categorized by geography/geology, climate/weather, economy, and social welfare. After analyzing statistical data, dependent variable which means the longevity index is defined by the ratio of population more than 85 years old among population more than 65 years old. The results of analysis show that longevity are related with waterworks ratio, temperature, local tax ratio, and latitude. In this study we discussed about the spatial characteristics which are represented by variance of the longevity index and described a spatial relationship between the longevity index and significant factors which are chosen by statistical analysis. In the further study, in order to sustain the longevity of a region, it is necessary for the effective rural planning to propagate a longevity of rural areas.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.653-657
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• 2005

Eigenstructure of a spatial design matrix of Matheron's variogram estimator in $R^1$ is derived. It is shown that the spatial design matrix in $R^1$ with n/2$\le$h < n has a nice spectral decomposition. The mean, variance, and covariance of this estimator are obtained using the eigenvalues of a spatial design matrix. We also found that the lower bound and the upper bound of the normalized Matheron's variogram estimator.

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.173-183
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• 2005

The Box-Cox power transformation is generally used for variance stabilization. Recently, Shin and Kang (2001) showed, under the Box-Cox transformation, invariant properties to the original model under the large mean and relatively small variance assumptions in time series analysis. In this paper we obtain some invariant properties in spatial statistics. Spatial statistics, Invariant Property, Variogram, Box-Cox power Transformation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Statistical Society Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.269-273
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• 2003

We consider an efficient parametric estimation method of spatial dependence in weak stationary processes. Spatial dependence is modeled through variogram and correlogram. Most of parametric estimation methods of correlogram use two step method; nonparametric estimation and parametric integration. We bind these two steps into one step by using GEE method instead of least squares type optimization. Our one step method is more efficient statistically and gives a clear interpretation of related concepts used in traditional two step methods.

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.247-260
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• 2000

This paper is concerned with a modification of the k-spatial medians clustering. To find a suitable number of clusters, the number k of clusters is incorporated into the k-spatial medians clustering criterion through a weight function. Proposed method for the choice of the weight function offers a reasonable number of clusters. Some theoretical properties of the method are investigated along with some examples.