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Allele Distribution and Frequency of Human Surfactant Protein-A2 in Korean Neonates (한국 신생아의 폐 표면 활성제 단백-A2(Human Surfactant Protein-A2) 유전자 대립형질의 분포와 빈도)

  • Kim, Nyeon Cheon;Yoon, Hee Chul;Suk, Jung Su;Ko, Jung Ho;Yoo, Ook Joon;Lee, In Kyu;Oh, Myung Ho;Bae, Chong Woo
    • Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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    • v.46 no.4
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    • pp.340-344
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    • 2003
  • Purpose : We evaluated allele frequencies and distribution of surfactant protein A2(SP-A2) in Korean neonates in order to estimate the prevalence of RDS, to find out new SP-A alleles, and to establish new steroid therapy. Methods : Genomic DNA was extracted from 71 neonates and served as a template in PCR for genotype analysis. SP-A gene-specific amplications and gene-specific allele determinations were performed using PCR-cRFLP methods. Results : The distribution for the alleles of the SP-A2 gene in the study population was 1A, $1A^0$, $1A^1$, $1A^2$, $1A^3$, $1A^5$, $1A^6$, $1A^7$, $1A^8$, $1A^9$, $1A^{11}$, $1A^{12}$. The specific frequencies for the alleles of the SP-A2 gene in the study population were : 1A=11.3%, $1A^0=38%$, $1A^1=12.7%$, $1A^2=9.2%$, $1A^5=15.5%$, $1A^7=2.9%$, $1A^8=4.9%$, $1A^9=2.2%$, others=3.3%. Conclusion : The frequency of $1A^0$ was higher than the other SP-A2 alleles in Korean neonates. This finding suggests that the prevalence of RDS in Korea may be low compared with other countries. However, this finding also suggests that Korean neonates have a high risk of infection.

Development of Microbial Augmentation for the Treatment of Recalcitrant Industrial Wastewater Containing Chlorinated Organic Compounds (유기염소계 난분해성 산업폐수의 처리를 위한 미생물제제의 개발)

  • Lee, Hyun Don;Im, Seong Won;Suh, Hyun-Hyo
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.24 no.8
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    • pp.887-894
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    • 2014
  • The screening of the microorganisms degrading chlorinated organic compounds such as PCP (pentachlorophenol) and TCE (trichloroethylene) was conducted with soil and industrial wastewater contaminated with various chlorinated organic compounds. Isolates (GP5, GP19) capable of degrading PCP and isolates (GA6, GA15) capable of degrading TCE were identified as Acetobactor sp., Pseudomonas sp., Arthrobacer sp., Xanthomonas sp. and named Acetobacter sp. GP5, Pseudomonas sp. GP19, Arthrobacer sp. GA6 and Xanthomoas sp. GA15, respectively. The microbial augmentation, OC17 formulated with the mixture of bacteria including isolates (4 strains) degrading chlorinated organic compounds and isolates (Acinetobacter sp. KN11, Neisseria sp. GN13) degrading aromatic hydrocarbons. Characteristics of microbial augmentation OC-17 showed cell mass of $2.8{\times}10^9CFU/g$, bulk density of $0.299g/cm^3$ and water content of 26.8%. In the experiment with an artificial wastewater containing PCP (500 mg/l), degradation efficiency of the microbial augmentation OC17 was 87% during incubation of 65 hours. The degradation efficiency of TCE (300 uM) by microbial augmentation OC17 was 90% during incubation of 50 hours. In a continuous culture experiment, analysis of the biodegradation of organic compounds by microbial augmentation OC17 in industry wastewater containing chlorinated hydrocarbons showed that the removal rate of COD was 91% during incubation of 10 days. These results indicate that it is possible to apply the microbial augmentation OC17 to industrial wastewaters containing chlorinated organic compounds.

Effects of Substance P on the Release of Cytokines from Immune Cell Lines (면역세포의 cytokine 유리에 미치는 substance P의 영향)

  • Lee, Jin-Yong;Kim, Soo-Ah;Seo, Seok-Ran;Kim, Hyong-Seop
    • Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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    • v.27 no.2
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    • pp.425-441
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    • 1997
  • The neuropeptide substance P(SP) has been implicated in the mediation of inflammation and immune-mediated disease such as arthritis. Recently, it was reported that SP was markedly increased around the blood vessels in inflamed gingiva as well as in close association with the inflammatory cell infiltrate. These results support that SP may contribute to the pathophysiology of neuronal inflammation in human periodontal tissues. SP may regulate inflammatory/immune responses by stimulating the proliferation of human T cells, differentiation and antibody-secreting potential of B cells, macrophage respiratory burst, connective tissue proliferation, and the secretion of cytokines from monocytes and T cells. Here, I studied potential role of SP as a costimulatory chemical signal in inflammatory/immune responses, by determining the released proinflammatory cytokines such as $MIP-1{\alpha}$, $IL-1{\beta}$, and IL-6 from culture supernatants of homogeneous immune cell lines. Serum free cell supernatants were concentrated with TCA precipitation, fractionated with SDS-PAGE, and subjected into western blot analysis. Among 15 cell lines tested, macrophage/monocyte cell line RAW264.7 and WRl9m.1 showed the highest level of induction of $MIP-1{\alpha}$ when stimulated with LPS. Discrete IL-6 bands with multiple forms of molecular mass were detected from supernatants of B cell lines A20(32kDa), Daudi(32, 35kDa), and SKW6.4(29kDa), which were expressed constitutively. $IL-1{\beta}$ could not be detected by the method of western blot analysis from supernatants of all cell lines tested except RAW264.7, WRl9m.1, and erythroid cell line K562 which showed the least amount of $IL-{\beta}$ secretion. SP $10^{-9}M$ with suboptimal dose of LPS treatment showed synergistic induction of $MIP-1{\alpha}$ release from RAW264.7 or WR19m.1, and also IL-6 release from A20, but this synergism is not the case in costimulation of RAW264.7 or WRl9m.1 with SP $10^{-9}M$ and TPA. Although treatment of T cell line CTLL-R8 with SP $10^{-7}M$ or PHA+TPA induced modest level of $MIP-1{\alpha}$ secretion, synergism was not observed when they are applied together. These findings all together suggest the possibility of a regulatory role of SP in inflammatory/immune reaction through differential modulation of bioactivities of other chemical cosignals.

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Purification and Characterization of Phenoxazinone Synthase from Streptomyces sp. V-8 Mutant Producing Adenoside Deaminase Inhibitor (아데노신 탈아미노화 효소 억제제를 생산하는 Streptomyces sp. V-8의 변이종으로부터 페녹사지논 합성효소의 분리 및 특성)

  • 김경자;조성진
    • YAKHAK HOEJI
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    • v.43 no.1
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    • pp.68-76
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    • 1999
  • Phenoxazinone synthase catalyzes the oxidative condensation of two molecules of substituted o-aminophenol to the phenoxazinone chromophore of actinomycin. Mutant strain, Streptomyces sp. V-8-M-1 producing higher phenoxazinone synthase, was obtained from Streptomyces sp. V-8 by treatment of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine. The phenoxazinone synthase was purified from extract of mutant strain of Streptomyces sp. V-8-M-l by successive steps of streptomycin sulfate, ammonium sulfate precipitation. DEAE-cellulose and Sephadex G-200 column chromatography. Molecular weight of the enzyme was 360,000 daltons. The enzyme was composed of octamer of a single subunit of 45,000 daltons. The Km value and Vmax value for 3-HAA were $14.9{\;}{\mu}M$ and 9.5 mg/U, respectively. The optimal pH and temperature for the enzyme activity were 9.0 and $25~30^{\circ}C$, respectively. Treatment of the enzyme with group specific reagents, phenylglyoxal, p-hydroxymercury-benzoate, Nbromosuccinimide, 5.5'-dithiobis-nitrobenzoic acid and ethylmaleimide resulted in loss of enzyme activity, which shows arginine and cysteine residues are at or near the active site.

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Cytological and Morphological Characterization of Anther Derived Plants from Sweet Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) cv. 'Special'

  • Shrestha, Surendra Lal;Luitel, Binod Prasad;Lee, Taek Jong;Kang, Won Hee
    • Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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    • v.42 no.5
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    • pp.431-438
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    • 2010
  • Anthers of sweet pepper $F_1$ cultivar 'Special' were cultured on Dumas De Vaulx (C medium), supplemented with $0.1mgL^{-1}$ 2, 4-D and $0.1mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ kinetin with 3% sucrose, and 0.32% phytagel. The calluses obtained were further sub-cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium without growth regulators for regeneration. Regenerated plantlets were grown in plastic pots under plastic house and characterized their cytological and morphological characters in spring, 2008. Twenty percent plantlets were identified as haploid plants after chromosome and ploidy analysis. Haploid plants contained 12 chromosomes, high stomatal density with small stomatal length as compared to diploid plants. Stomatal length in haploids was 23.3% smaller than diploids. Haploid plants were characterized as small leaf and petiole size, poor vigor, thin stem and short plant height, short internodes and small flower buds, fruit size and fruit weight as compared to diploid plants and most of the haploid fruits were seedless. SP55, SP62, SP68, SP72 and SP77 are found high yielding double haploids with high total soluble content (8.6, 8.7, 9.2, 9.1 and $9.8^{\circ}Brix$, respectively) and desirable fruit shape, and recommended them to exploit as inbred lines for heterosis breeding.

Fruit Yield and Quality Evaluation of Sweet Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) F1 Hybrids Derived from Inbred Lines

  • Shrestha, Surendra Lal;Luitel, Binod Prasad;Lee, Taek Jong;Kang, Won Hee
    • Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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    • v.42 no.4
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    • pp.344-350
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    • 2010
  • Sweet pepper inbred lines (KNU1003, KNU1006, KNU1007, KNU1009, KNU1015, KNU1017 and KNU2006) developed at Kangwon National University (KNU) through conventional means, inbred lines (5AVS1, 5AVS2, 5AVS3, 5AVS5, 5AVS7 and 5AVS8) collected at Rural Development Administration (RDA) and inbred lines (SP12, SP27 and SP14) derived from anther culture were used as female parents and anther culture derived homozygous lines (SP9, SP10, SP14, SP24, SP25, SP27, SP30, SP32, SP34, SP38, SP43, SP45 and SP51) were used as male parents to produce $F_1$ hybrids. A total of 37 $F_1$ hybrids were evaluated for fruit yield and quality characters in summer season, 2007. Variation in fruit number, fruit weight, fruit yield per plant and fruit volume was observed among the $F_1$ hybrids. Superiority on yield over standard/commercial varieties were differed among $F_1$ hybrids. Hybrid $5AVS8{\times}SP45$ exhibited highest heterosis over Special (16.5%) and Fiesta (24.7%). Fruit quality characters (fruit length, fruit width, pericarp thickness, total soluble solid, fruit shape and fruit color) were varied among the $F_1$ hybrids. Fruit number, fruit weight and fruit volume per plant were correlated with fruit yield. Based on the standard heterosis expressed by the hybrids and quality characters evaluation, $KNU1017{\times}SP27$, $5AVS1{\times}SP43$, $5AVS5{\times}SP27$, $5AVS8{\times}SP45$, $SP12{\times}SP38$ and $SP27{\times}SP25$ hybrids were found to be superior over commercial cultivars and are selected. Inbred lines of these hybrid combinations can be used to produce $F_1$ hybrid seed for commercial production.

Human Surfactant Protein-A(SP-A) Gene Locus Associated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae Pneumonia in Korean Children (Mycoplasma pneumoniae 폐렴과 관련된 폐 표면 활성제 단백-A(Human Surfactant Protein-A) 유전자 대립 형질)

  • Kim, Seung Soo;Lee, In Kyu;Ko, Jung Ho;Oh, Myung Ho;Bae, Chong Woo
    • Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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    • v.48 no.4
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    • pp.376-379
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    • 2005
  • Purpose : Mycoplasama pneumoniae is a leading cause of pneumonia and exacerbates other respiratory conditions such as asthma. Surfactant protein A(SP-A) is involved in surfactant physiology and surfactant structure, and plays a major role in innate host defense and inflammatory processes in the lung. In this study, SP-A mediated mycoplasma cidal activity. The candidate-gene approach was used to study the association between the SP-A gene locus and Mycoplasama pneumoniae pneumonia in the genetically homogeneous Korean population. Methods : PCR-cRFLP-based methodology was used to detect SP-A genotype. The forty nine children with Mycoplasama pneumoniae pneumonia were matched to 50 nomal neonates. Results : The specific frequencies for the alleles of the SP-A1 and SP-A2 gene in the study population were : $6A^2=21$ percent, $6A^3=45$ percent, $6A^4=11$ percent, $6A^8=9$ percent, $6A^{14}=8$ percent, 1A=11.3 percent, $1A^0=38$ percent, $1A^1=12.7$ percent, $1A^2=9.2$ percent, $1A^5=15.5$ percent, $1A^7=2.9$ percent, $1A^8=4.9$ percent, $1A^9=2.2$ percent, others=3.3 percent. The frequencies of specific genotypes such as $1A^2$ was higher than control group, significantly. Conclusion : $1A^2$ are susceptible factors for Mycoplasama pneumoniae pneumonia. We conclude that the SP-A gene locus($1A^2$) is an important determinant for predisposition to Mycoplasama pneumoniae pneumonia in children.

Optimization of Cellulolytic Enzyme Production for newly isolated Bacillus sp. H9-1 from Herbivore Feces (초식동물 배설물로부터 분리한 Bacillus sp. H9-1의 섬유소 분해효소생산 최적화)

  • Yoon, Young Mi;An, Gi Hong;Kim, Jung Kon;Cha, Young-Lok;Park, Yu Ri;Ahn, Jong-Woong;Moon, Youn-Ho;Ahn, Seung-Hyun;Koo, Bon-Cheol;Park, Kwang-Geun
    • KSBB Journal
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    • v.28 no.1
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    • pp.42-47
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    • 2013
  • This study was performed to find cellulolytic strain of enzymatic saccharification for bioethanol production. Cellulolytic strains were isolated from 59 different feces of herbivores from Seoul Grand Park located in Gwacheon Gyeonggi-Do. The celluloytic strain was selected by congo red staining and DNS method. Among the isolated strains, H9-1 strain isolated from the feces of rabbit has the highest CMCase activity. H9-1 strain was identified as Bacillus sp. based on 16S rDNA gene sequencing. The optimal conditions for CMCase activity by Bacillus sp. H9-1 were at $40^{\circ}C$ and at initial pH 8.

Isolation of Antifungal Bacterial Strain Bacillus sp. against Gray Mold infected in Kiwi Fruits and its Disease Control (참다래 잿빛곰팡이 병원균에 대한 길항균 Bacillus sp. 분리와 병해 억제 작용)

  • Cho, Jung-Il;Cho, Ja-Yong
    • Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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    • v.14 no.4
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    • pp.399-410
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    • 2006
  • This study was carried out to identity the effects of antifungal bacteria isolated from the soil grown kiwi fruit plants on the growth inhibition of Botrytis cinerea causing gray mold in kiwi fruit plants in the southern districts of Jeonnam. Two hundred and fifty antagonistic microorganisms were isolated and examined into the antifungal activity against Botrytis cinerea. We screened and isolated four bacterial strains which strongly inhibited Botrytis cinerea from the soil grown kiwi fruit plants. And the best antifungal bacterial strain which called CHO 163 was finally selected. Antagonistic microorganism CHO 163 was identified to be the genus Bacillus sp. based on the morphological and biochemical characterization. Bacillus sp. CHO 163 showed 86.9% of antifungal activity against Botrytis cinerea. By the bacterialization of culture broth and heated filtrates of culture broth, Bacillus sp. CHO 163 showed almost all of antagonistic activity against Botrytis cinerea. And we also confirmed that in vitro the treatment of Bacillus sp. CHO 163 cultured by SD+B+P broth efficiently controled the growth of Botrytis cinerea causing gray mold in kiwi fruit plants.

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