• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.487-492
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• 1998

The experiment was conducted to determine the effects of enhanced UV-B on growth and differential responses among cultivars in soybean. The soybean cultivars subjected to enhanced UV-B irradiation at daily dose of 11.32 kJ $m^{-2}(UV-B_{BE})$ revealed that the growth was significantly depressed. Plant height, leaf number, leaf area and dry weight were inhibited by UV-B irradiation showing differential responses among cultivars used. Danyeubkong seems to be less sensitive to the enhanced W-B irradiation, while Keunolkong more sensitive. Reduction of chlorophyll content was also found significantly greater to Keunolkong. Specific leaf weight an index of leaf thickness, and flavonoid content known as UV-absorbing compounds were significantly Increased in Danyeubkong by UV-B, but those In the other cultivars were not significantly affected. The results indicated that there are cultivar diferences in tile growth and phisiological responses to the enhanced UV-B irradiation and specific leaf weight and UV-absorbing compounds in the leaves were highly related to the sensitivity of soybean by UV-B irradiation.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.381-388
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• 2009

On screening pathogen-resistant soybean, we identified a WRKY type transcription factor named a Glycine max WRKY1 (GmWRKY1). Expression of GmWRKY1 gene was induced in the soybean sprout by Pseudomonas infection. The GmWRKY1 was expressed in all of the tissues with high levels in stems, leaves and developing seeds. The protein Gm WRKY1 contains highly conserved two WRKY DNA-binding domains having two $C_2-H_2$ zinc-finger motif ($C-X_{4-5}-C-X_{22-23}-H-X-H$) in its N-terminal and C-terminal amino acid sequences. In electrophoresis mobility shift assay, the GmWRKY1 protein bound specifically to W-box elements in the promoters of defense related genes. These results demonstrated that GmWRKY1 is one of the soybean WRKY family genes and the plant-specific transcription factors for defense processes.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.181-188
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• 1982

Chloroplasts isolated from tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Virginia 115) leaves have been transferred into protoplasts of soybean (Glycine max Merr. cv. Jangyeop) suspension-cultured cells with the help of polyethylene glycol (PEG). The increased yield in protoplasts of chloroplast uptake was depended upon the concentration of both PEG 4,000 and PEG 6,000. The highest yield(36%) occurred at 50% of both PEG, and the yield was decreased above this concentration. The rate of uptake with the incubation time was highest at one hour, then decreased. The process of the chloroplast uptake into the protoplasts was similar with that of a protoplast fusion, except forming invagination during uptake.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.400-406
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• 2010

서리태콩 (Glycine max Merr. var Seoritae)에서 광원에 따른 엽의 광합성 변화를 구명하기 위하여 콩의 제 1복엽이 완전 전개되었을 때 3일 동안 빛을 차단한 후 UV-B 와 일반광에 노출시켜 색소 함량과 엽록소 형광반응의 변화를 측정하였다. 암처리에서 엽록소 함량은 감소하고, 일반 광에서 회복하였다. 카로티노이드와 안토시아닌 함량은 UV-B 조사한 처리구에서 증가하였다. 엽록소 형광분석을 이용한 광합성 능률을 분석한 결과, 암처리가 진행 됨에 따라 Fv/Fm, F'v/F'm, ${\Phi}_{PSII}$ 및 NPQ는 감소하였다. 모든 변수들은 일반광에 노출되면서 회복하였으나 UV 처리한 것은 암처리 72시간의 수치와 큰 변화가 없었다. 이를 통하여 암처리 48시간 경과함으로 엽록체가 에티오플라스트로 전환되며, 일반광을 조사하였을 시 광합성 관련 광계가 복구되지만, UV-B의 강한 광이 조사되었을 때 광계가 회복되지 못하는 것으로 사료되었다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.439-445
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• 2016

콩잎은 골다공증 및 유방암 발생을 예방한다고 널리 보고되고 있다. 이를 바탕으로 콩잎낙엽 에탄올 추출물(SBFL)을 제조하여 암 전이와 관련 있는 세포침윤에 대한 효과를 조사하기 위하여 섬유아육종세포(HT1080)에서 SBFL이 항산화와 matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 본 연구에서 활성산소의 소거 효과에 대한 SBFL효과는 DPPH radical, 환원력 및 지질과산화실험으로 평가되었다, 본 연구에서 SBFL은 양성 대조군으로 사용된 vitamin C 및 vitamin E와 비교 시 우수한 항산화 효과를 보여주었다. 다음으로 SBFL의 세포 독성을 측정하기 위하여 MTT assay를 수행한 결과 16 µg/ml 이상의 농도에서 세포독성을 보여주었다. SBFL은 gelatin zymography 실험에서 phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetae (PMA) 혹은 phenazine methosulfate (PMS)로 자극된 암 전이에서 중요한 MMP-9의 활성을 감소시켰다. 특히 SBFL은 단백질 발현 실험에서 SOD-1, p-FoxO-1의 발현을 증가시켰다. 더욱이 vascular endothelial growth Factor (VEGF)로 자극된 세포 침윤이 SBFL처리에 의하여 억제되는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과를 바탕으로 SBFL은 뛰어난 항산화 효과는 산화적 스트레스를 감소시키고 MMP-9의 활성과 세포침윤을 억제시켜 암 전이의 예방을 위한 유효성분으로 이용될 수 있다는 것을 암시하고 있다.

• 식물병연구
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.30-33
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• 2007

석량풋콩 품종의 콩밭에서 모자이크 증상이 약하게 나타난 186개의 잎을 채집하여, Cowpea mosaic virus(CPMV)에 대한 ELISA 검정을 하였다. 그 결과 93개의 시료가 양성반응을 보였으며, 이 가운데 55개의 시료는 매우 높은 바이러스 밀도를 나타내고 있었다. 이러한 결과는 석량풋콩 품종의 동부모자이크병은 ELISA 검정, 바이러스 순화, 전자현미경검경 결과와 바이러스 표피 단백질분석 결과 Cowpea mosaic virus에 의한 병해로 확인되었다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제23권1호통권97호
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• pp.107-123
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• 2007

There were fifty two kinds of fermented soybean sauce before 17th century thirteen recorded in ${\ulcorner}$Sangayorock${\lrcorner}$, two in ${\ulcorner}$Sasichanyo${\lrcorner}$, one in ${\ulcorner}$Yongjechongwha${\lrcorner}$, nine in ${\ulcorner}$Soowonjabbang${\lrcorner}$, one in ${\ulcorner}$Domoondaejak${\lrcorner}$, six in ${\ulcorner}$Dongyoebogam${\lrcorner}$, four in ${\ulcorner}$Gushangchalyo${\lrcorner}$, five in ${\ulcorner}$Guhwangboyubang${\lrcorner}$, two in ${\ulcorner}$Yorock${\lrcorner}$, four in ${\ulcorner}$Chisengyoram${\lrcorner}$ and five in ${\ulcorner}$Joobangmoon${\lrcorner}$. These books had thing to know when making fermented soybean sauce like kinds of soybean sauce, how to make it, its ingredients and quantities to be used, how to make fermented soybean sauce in haste, and how to remake wrong made fermented soybean sauce, etc. Before 17th century, fermented soybean malt was divided into two kinds the only soybean malt and the mixed soybean malt that had bean, wheat, wheat flour and wheat bran. The bean only soybean malt was further divided into mashed soybean malt (Beans were steamed and mashed into past.) and unmashed soybean malt (Beans maintained their shape without being mashed.) while mashed soybean malts were made in Winger, in January of February, unmashed and mixed soybean malts were made in Summer, in July. When made fermented soybean sauce, mashed and unmashed soybean malts were used as they were and mixed soybean malt was dried and powdered for use. Fermented soybean sauce before 17th century could be classified by the features of soybean malts being used, Normal fermented soybean sauce was made from bean only soybean malts and other ingredients. Shi(시) was made from unmashed soybean malts, in which beans maintained their shape, and Gowhajang and Jeupjang were made from mixed soybean and wheat bran. Fermented soybean sauce was also made from old fermented soybean sauce, yeast. water leftover after boiling bean leaves, and soybean chaff without soybean malt. There were also side dish type soybean sauce like Kongjaban today and fish and meat sauce made from flesh ingredients. To make fermented soybean sauce in haste, the soybean sauce was heated. Beside there were how to maintain fermented soybean sauce and how to remake wrong made fermented soybean sauce.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.112-122
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• 2016

Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) is an effective tool for the study of soybean gene function. Successful VIGS depends on the interaction between virus spread and plant growth, which can be influenced by environmental conditions. Recently, we developed a new VIGS system derived from the Soybean yellow common mosaic virus (SYCMV). Here, we investigated several environmental and developmental factors to improve the efficiency of a SYCMV-based VIGS system to optimize the functional analysis of the soybean. Following SYCMV: Glycine max-phytoene desaturase (GmPDS) infiltration, we investigated the effect of photoperiod, inoculation time, concentration of Agrobacterium inoculm, and growth temperature on VIGS efficiency. In addition, the relative expression of GmPDS between non-silenced and silenced plants was measured by qRT-PCR. We found that gene silencing efficiency was highest at a photoperiod of 16/8 h (light/dark) at a growth temperature of approximately $27^{\circ}C$ following syringe infiltration to unrolled unifoliolate leaves in cotyledon stage with a final SYCMV:GmPDS optimal density $(OD)_{600}$ of 2.0. Using this optimized protocol, we achieved high efficiency of GmPDS-silencing in various soybean germplasms including cultivated and wild soybeans. We also confirmed that VIGS occurred in the entire plant, including the root, stem, leaves, and flowers, and could transmit GmPDS to other soybean germplasms via mechanical inoculation. This optimized protocol using a SYCMV-based VIGS system in the soybean should provide a fast and effective method to elucidate gene functions and for use in large-scale screening experiments.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.10-15
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• 1986

Cytokinin과 단백질의 결합을 간단하게 결정하는 방법으로서 전기 영동법을 시도하고, 대두의 잎단백질과 cytokinin의 결합여부, cytokinin에 대한 affinity가 있는 단백질의 종류와 상대적 affinity를 조사하였다. 검토된 전기 영동법은 cytokinin과 단백질의 결합뿐만 아니라, cytokinin에 대한 상대적 affinity를 동시에 검정할 수 있는 장점을 가지고 있었다. Ammonium sulfate 침전법, Sephadex G-25 chromatography, paper chromatography, 그리고 전기영동법으로 대두의 잎단백질 중에 BA와 결합하는 단백질이 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 전기영동법으로 검정한 결과 BA와 결함하는 것이 3 group이 있고, 이중에서 전기영동 이동도로보아 분자량이 작은 단백질 분획과 전기영동 이동도 0.4부근의 분획은 BA에 대한 affinity가 비교적 낮은 반면, 이동도 $0.0{\sim}0.2$의 분획은 affinity가 큰 것으로 생각되었다.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.100-100
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• 2017

FT is one of the major floral activator in plant flowering. FT determines the changing point of time from vegetative stage to reproductive stage. To understand the role of FT homologs in short-day plant soybean, we identified 10 soybean FT homologous genes and named GmFTs. We figured out that 10 GmFT genes were further categorized into three subclades through phylogenetic analysis. Expression analysis of GmFT genes indicated that they might have different functions in photoperiod-dependent soybean flowering. Most of GmFTs, for example, GmFT2a, GmFT2b, GmFT5a and GmFT6 mainly expressed in soybean leaves at short-day condition. However, interestingly GmFT1a and GmFT4 represented opposite expression pattern to other GmFTs. Arabidopsis transgenic plants overexpressing GmFT2a and GmFT5a exhibited extremely early flowering. In contrast, overexpression of GmFT4 delayed flowering of Arabidopsis transgenic plants. The results suggest that GmFT4 has antagonistic role to other GmFTs in soybean flowering. Interestingly, mRNA level of GmFT2a is higher in early flowering soybean accessions than in late flowering ones. Moreover, the highest point of mRNA level of GmFT2a showed the positive correlation with the timing of flowering of soybean accessions. But that of GmFT4 showed opposite pattern. Here, we report that soybean FT homologs might acquire different functions in photoperiod-dependent flowering through the functional diversification during evolution.