• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.48-54
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• 2013

BACKGROUND: Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) ranks as the 6th most planted crop in the world behind wheat, rice, maize, soybean, and barley. The objective of this study was to identify bio-marker among sorghum cultivars using proteomics approach such as two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2-DE) coupled with mass spectrometry (MS). METHODS AND RESULTS: Proteins were extracted from sorghum seed, and separated by 2-DE. Total 652 spots were detected from 4 different sorghum seed after staining of 2-DE with colloidal Coomassie brilliant blue (CBB). Among them, 8 spots were differentially expressed and were identified using MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry. They were involved in RNA metabolism (spot1, spot 4), heat shock proteins (HSPs, spot 2), storage proteins (spot 3, spot 5, and spot 6), and redox related proteins (spot 8). Eight of these proteins were highly up-regulated in Whinchalsusu (WCS). The HSPs, Cupin family protein, and Globulin were specifically accumulated in WCS. The DEAD-box helicase was expressed in 3 cultivars except for WCS. Ribonuclease T2 and aldo-keto reductase were only expressed in 3 cultivars except for Daepung-susu (DPS). CONCLUSION(S): Functions of identified proteins were mainly involved in RNA metabolism, heat shock protein (HSP), and redox related protein. Thus, they may provide new insight into a better understanding of the charactreization between the cultivars of sorghum.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.29-34
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• 2001

A sweet sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] cultivar was planted on 9 and 30 June 2000 at plant densities of 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 plants $m^{-2}$ to determine the optimum plant density in Jeju region. There were no significant planting date x plant density interactions for most traits measured. Delaying planting from 9 to 30 June delayed 21 days in heading date, and significantly decreased plant height, the number of productive stems $m^{-2}$/, and lodging. Fresh stem yield tended to be higher at the 9 June planting date than at the 30 June planting date, but total sugar and ethanol yields were not significantly affected by planting date. Percentage of soluble solid was higher at the 30 June planting date compared with the 9 June planting date. Fresh stem, total sugar, and ethanol yields quadractically increased from 22.9 to 36.7 $t^{-1}$, from 1.66 to 2.54 $t^{-1}$, and from 945 to 1440 $L^{-1}$, respectively, with increasing plant density. The optimal plant densities for the maximum fresh stem, total sugar, and ethanol were estimated to be 10.7, 9.6, and 9.9 plants $m^{-2}$ respectively.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.656-663
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• 2012

Two sorghum(Sorghum bicolor L. Moench cv. Hwanggeumchal-susu and Miryang 3) samples were milled using different milling methods, and their physicochemical properties were tested. Particle size was classified into five groups such as pin mill and low temperature-microparticulation(LTM; 10,000, 20,000, 30,000, and 40,000 rpm). The water absorption index (WAI), water solubility index(WSI), and a rapid Visco analyzer(RVA) were used to examine particle size distribution and color differences. Particle size of sorghum flour prepared using LTM was lower than that prepared using a pin mill. Particle size was further reduced by successive dry milling of the LTM flour. Lightness of colored pigments increased when particle size decreased. The WAI of Miryang 3 pin milling(M1) flour was the lowest after LTM, and WSI was higher in the order of M2, M3, M4, and M5. LTM sorghum flour had significantly higher pasting viscosity, as determined using a rapid Visco analyzer. LTM Miryang 3 sorghum flour(M2~M5) flour showed lower breakdown viscosity and higher final viscosity compared to those of M1 flour, resulting in an increased setback value.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.521-525
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• 2013

In this study, we investigated the physicochemical characteristics of wet noodles that had been fortified by adding non-glutinous sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench cv. Donganme) powder (SP). The wet noodles were evaluated for quality characteristics, total contents of polyphenols and flavonoids, and capacities to scavenge free radicals. The weight, volume, capacity to absorb water, and turbidity of the cooked noodles differed considerably from the unfortified control. The L- and b-values of the cooked noodles differed significantly between the treatment types, and the a-value increased significantly with increasing concentrations of SP. The tension of the cooked noodles decreased significantly with decreasing concentrations of SP. Total polyphenol and flavonoid contents, as well as free radical-scavenging activities increased significantly with increasing concentrations of SP. In conclusion, SP could be used as an ingredient to increase the sensory and antioxidant properties of wheat flour noodles without affecting their quality.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.61 no.1
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• pp.50-56
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• 2016

Direct seeding of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) has a problem of low yield including poor establishment. This poor establishment results from poor quality seed, poor seedbed preparation, seedling pests, poor sowing technique and high soil temperature. This study sought to establish the age at which sorghum seedlings can be transplanted with minimal effects on grain yield. Transplants were raised in 128 nursery tray pot. Five seedling ages were established by transplanting at 10 (T10), 15 (T15), 20 (T20), 25 (T25) and 30 (T30) days after planting (DAP). The treatment combinations were arranged in a randomized complete block design and replicated three times with an individual plot size of $6{\times}5m^2$. Each plot had five ridges with a planting space of $0.60{\times}0.20m^2$ at one plants per stand. Results showed that seedling age on transplanting significantly affected growths and yields to sorghum after transplanting. Plant heights and diameters of transplants at T15 were longer than the other transplants. Conclusively, The advantages of this practice were better control of crop density and greater yields; either to fill gaps after emerging and thinning of crops or to compensate for a growth period that was too short for a complete crop cycle.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.168-173
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• 2011

This study was carried out to optimize the embryogenic callus induction and plant regeneration from mature seeds of Sorghum bicolor. The effect of growth regulators was investigated on formation of embryogenic callus. The highest frequency of embryogenic callus was observed when the mature seeds were cultured on B5 medium supplemented with 2 mg/L 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). The highest frequency of plant regeneration from embryogenic callus was observed on MS medium with 0.5 $mg\;l^{-1}$ 6-benzyl amino purine (BAP) and 0.25 $mg\;l^{-1}$ indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) to optimize the shoot regeneration. High concentration of BAP (1 $mg\;l^{-1}$) supplemented with IBA (0.25 $mg\;l^{-1}$) was effective combination for shoot multiplication. MS medium supplemented with 1 $mg\;l^{-1}$ IBA was found to be the most effective for inducing roots. Normal rooted plantlets were transferred to the greenhouse for hardening with over 90% survival rate. Hence, this reproducible protocol could be useful for mass propagation and genetic transformation of S. bicolor.

• 한국약용작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2011.09a
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• pp.350-351
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• 2011

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.41-46
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• 2021

Sorghum×sudangrass hybrid (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench, SSH) is one of the most important summer forage crop and it is widely used for silage in Korea. Agriculture is highly dependent on the climate condition and experiencing significant loss of productivity due to climate change. This study was conducted to investigate the correlation analysis between productivity of forage SSH and climatic factors in Central Northern region of South Korea for 3 years (2017 to 2019). Plant height and dry matter yield of SSH were significantly higher in Gyeonggi-do than Ganwon-do. The productivity of SSH is more closely related with temperature than other climatic factors. Maximum temperature and Growing degree days in May and June showed a positive correlation. However, correlation between production of SSH and precipitation was not clear in this study, but rainy days showed a negative correlation (0.42). In conclusion, temperature is most important climatic factor to the maintenance of plant yield.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.247-257
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• 2005

An efficient, rapid and large-scale in vitro clonal propagation of agronomically important Indian cereal crop genotypes (NSH27 & K5) of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench. by enhanced shoot proliferation in shoot tip segments was designed. MS medium fortified with plant growth regulators and coconut water markedly influenced in vitro propagation of Sorghum bicolor. In vitro plantlet production system has been investigated on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with the synergistic combination of 6-benzyladenine ($22.2\;{\mu}M$), kinetin ($4.6\;{\mu}M$), adenine sulphate ($2.8\;{\mu}M$), 5% coconut water and 3% sucrose which promoted the maximum number of shoots as well as beneficial shoot length. Subculturing of shoot tip segments on a similar medium enabled continuous production of more than 100 healthy shoots with similar frequency. When the healthy shoot clumps were cultured on MS medium fortified with 6-benzyladenine ($22.2\;{\mu}M$), kinetin ($4.6\;{\mu}M$), adenine sulphate ($2.8\;{\mu}M$), ${\alpha}$-naphthaleneacetic acid ($2.7\;{\mu}M$), ascorbic acid ($30.0\;{\mu}M$) and 5% coconut water, a rapid production of axillary and adventitious buds was developed after 8 wk culture. More than 300 shoots were produced 10 wk after culture. Rooting was highest (100%) on half strength MS medium containing 22.8 mM IAA. Micropropagated plants established in garden soil, farmyard soil and sand (2:1:1) were uniform and identical to the donor plant with respect to growth characteristics. These plants grew normally without showing any traits.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.548-553
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• 2010

This study was carried out to compare the physicochemical characteristics of Korean traditional wines fermented by addition of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) using different nuruks (SH and BS nuruk). The alcohol contents of the fermented wines ranged from 12.36 to 13.21%. The brix degrees of sorghum wines fermented using SH and BS nuruks were $8.6\sim17.9^{\circ}Bx$ and $7.6\sim20.0^{\circ}Bx$ on addition ratio, respectively. Wine no addedsorghum using SH and BS nuruks showed pH 3.74 and 3.40, total acidity of 1.40 and 1.51%, and 0.441 and 0.149 of turbidity. With increase of sorghum addition, brix degree, pH, turbidity and L-value decreased whereas total acidity and a-value increased. Total color difference (${\Delta}Eab$) parameters of wines fermented in 30, 70 and 100% sorghum addition using SH and BS nuruk were 4.33, 6.63 and 26.13, and 4.08, 5.29 and 10.59. Glucose content decreased with increasing amounts of sorghum. Organic acids such as lactic acid and acetic acid were predominantly detected in the fermented wine. Finally, based on sensory evaluations, the wine fermented by BS nuruk showed the best overall quality at 30% sorghum addition.