• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.7-10
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• 2000

The soft magnetic properties of Co-based amorphous alloy have been studied as a function of cooling condition after annealing. The F&W treatment (furnace cooling to 25$0^{\circ}C$ then water quenching) could increase 60~10$0^{\circ}C$ more the initial permeability than those of furnace cooled or water quenched alloys. These results are investigated in terms of thermal stress and ordering of magnetic ion pairs.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.86-89
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• 2013

This paper shows a new effective approach to measure crystallization temperature of soft magnetic underlayer (SUL) for next generation of heat assisted perpendicular recording media. This approach uses temperature dependent reflectivity, which shows a clear jump when samples are crystallized. To achieve this measurement, an optical system is set up using hot plate and infrared laser. Reflectivity of SUL $(Co_{70}Fe_{30})_{92}Ta_3Zr_5$ shows a clear jump at its amorphous-crystalline transition temperature. Experiment results show this effect is clear in infrared region, and is weak for visible light.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.76-80
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• 2000

Soft x-ray standing waves produced by a multilayer interference substrate add depth-sensitivity to magnetic circular dichroism to resolve changes in Co magnetism across a 10${\AA}$ distance from the Co center to the Co-Pd interface of a Pd/Co/Pd trilayer having in-plane magnetization. Large enhancements of in-plane orbital and spin magnetic moments, as well as the number of d holes, are strongly localized in a thin interface layer. These results provide new insight into the phenomenon of magnetic anisotropy at buried interfaces, and suggest a broad applicability of such standing wave measurements to interface magnetism studies.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.134-139
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• 2011

Magnetic properties of highly zinc-substituted manganese ferrites are discussed on the basis of cation distribution. High throughput neutron powder diffractometry indicates that the prepared samples possess a nearly normal spinel structure, where the substitution of nonmagnetic zinc ions mainly causes the dilution of magnetic ions in the A-sublattice and consequently affects bond-randomness in the B-sublattice. On the other hand, the estimated occupancy of manganese ions in the B site indicates that random anisotropy effects due to local Jahn-Teller distortions gradually weaken with the substitution. Bulk magnetometry indicates that the substitution smears the transition from a paramagnetic phase to a soft-magnetic phase. Furthermore, at lower temperatures, such a soft-magnetic phase is destabilized and a magnetic glassy state appears. These features of the magnetic properties of dilute spinel ferrites are discussed from the viewpoint of the above-mentioned various types of disorders.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.36-39
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• 2005

We report element-resolved and interface-sensitive magnetization reversals investigated from an oppositely exchange-biased NiFe/FeMn/Co structure by employing soft x-ray resonant Kerr rotation measurements. We have found not only switchable uncompensated antiferromagnetic regions with its sizable thicknesses at both interfaces of the FeMn layer but also their strong coupling to the individual ferromagnetic layers. These experimental results provide a better insight into experimentally observed reductions in exchange-bias field on the basis of an interface-proximity model proposed in this work.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.275-280
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• 2017

A magnetic-field tunable 2.4 GHz microwave bandpass filter having insertion loss < -5dB on an FR4 substrate with the flaky magnetic material was designed and characterized. The tunability in the designed bandpass filter was achieved by adhering soft magnetic materials on top of the device. This soft magnetic material can be composed of ferromagnetic substance or ferrimagnetic substance. The performance of the designed bandpass filter under its influence is investigated. The frequency offset ratio changes over 30 %. There is over 20 % change in the center frequency towards the lower frequency region due to this application. These magnetic material layers achieved the center frequency shift and bandwidth extension without actually changing the original structure of the device.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.5 no.5
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• pp.483-486
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• 1995

Soft magnetic properties of Fe-based (Fe,Co)-B-Al-M (M=Nb, Mo or Ta) nanocrystalline alloy have been investigated. The alloy obtained directly form the rapid solidification process. Microstructure of the alloy is a mixtu re of ultrafine bcc Fe(Co) nanocrystallines and a small amount of retained amorphous phase. Heat treatment of as-prepared alloys improves soft magnetic properties in high frequency range. ${(Fe_{.85}Co_{.15})}_{70}B_{18}Al_{10}Ta_{6}$ alloy alloy annealed at $500^{\circ}C$ for 1 h shows the most improved soth magnetic properties among the alloy examined. Average grain size of the nanocystalline is about 10 nm.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.83-86
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• 2006

Controlling magnetic domains in soft underlayer (SUL) of perpendicular magnetic recording (PMR) is an important issue for the application of PMR in HDD. We studied the magnetic domain structures in SUL using the finite element based micromagnetic simulation (FEMM) for the SUL models with different thicknesses. The purpose is to simulate the magnetic domain wall noise when the SUL thickness and saturation magnetization are changed. The simulation results show that a 15 nm SUL forms simpler Neel wall domain wall pattern and 40 nm SUL forms complex Bloch wall. To visualize the effect of these domain walls stray field at a read sensor position, the magnetic stray field of the domain walls at air bearing surface (ABS) which is 50 nm above the SUL was simulated and the results imply that Bloch walls have stronger stray field with more complicated field patterns than Neel walls and this becomes a significant noise source. Therefore, the thickness of the SUL should be controlled to avoid the formation of Bloch walls.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.327-332
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• 2014

The effect of minor element additions (Ca, Al) on microstructural change and magnetic properties of Fe-Nb-Cu-Si-B alloy has been investigated, in this paper. The Fe-Si-B-Nb-Cu(-Ca-Al) alloys were prepared by arc melting in argon gas atmosphere. The alloy ribbons were fabricated by melt-spinning, and heat-treated under a nitrogen atmosphere at $520-570^{\circ}C$ for 1 h. The soft magnetic properties of the ribbon core were analyzed using the AC B-H meter. A differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used to examine the crystallization behavior of the amorphous alloy ribbon. The microstructure was observed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The addition of Ca increased the electrical resistivity to reduce the eddy current loss. And the addition of Al decreased the intrinsic magnetocrystalline anisotropy $K_1$ resulting in the increased permeability. The reduction in the size of the ${\alpha}$-Fe precipitates was observed in the alloys containing of Ca and Al. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the additions of Ca and Al notably improved the soft magnetic properties such as permeability, coercivity and core loss in the Fe-Nb-Cu-Si-B base nanocrystalline alloys.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.444-449
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• 2015

Soft magnetic composites (SMCs) are especially suitable for the construction of low-cost, high-performance motors with 3-D magnetic fields. The main advantages of SMCs is that the iron particles are insulated by the surface coating and adhesive used for composite bonding, the eddy-current loss is much lower than that in laminated steels, especially at higher frequencies, and the hysteresis loss becomes the dominant component of core losses. These properties enable machines to operate at higher frequencies, resulting in reduced machine size and weight. In this paper, 3-D topologies are proposed that enable the application of SMCs to effectively reduce losses in high-speed permanent magnet (PM) motors. In addition, the electromagnetic field characteristics of the motor topologies are evaluated and compared using a non-linear finite element method (FEM) based on 3-D numerical analysis, and the feasibility of the motor designs is validated.