• Title/Summary/Keyword: Social Sciences Research

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Predictors of Acculturative Stress among Chinese Students in Korea (국내 중국 유학생의 문화적응 스트레스 영향요인)

  • Kim, Hee-Kyung;Son, Youn-Jung;Lee, Mi-Ra;Lim, Kyung-Choon;Chang, Hae-Kyung;Han, Su-Jeong;Yang, Nam-Young;Yoo, Myoung-Ran;Ko, Eun-Ja
    • Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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    • v.22 no.2
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    • pp.143-152
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    • 2010
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the predictors of acculturative stress among Chinese students in Korea. Methods: Between October and December 2009, two hundred one Chinese students from three universities located in Cungnam province, were included in the current study using a questionnaire survey. Data analysis was done using SPSS/WIN 17.0 program. Results: The average score of acculturative stress was $38.50{\pm}6.97$. There were significant differences in acculturative stress according to educational level, economic status, type of residence, speaking skill in Korean, listening skill in Korean, grade point average, satisfaction for studying abroad, and perceived health status. The acculturative stress was significantly correlated with depression, resilience and social support. The strongest predictor of acculturative stress among Chinese students was depression. Conclusions: The findings suggest that developing programs to improve psychological health may provide a buffer against acculturative stress experienced by migrating Chinese students. Furthermore, more studies are needed to explore variables that influence on the international students' acculturation in Korea.

Prevalence of and Factors Associated with Osteoporosis among Korean Cancer Survivors: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the Fourth and Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys

  • Choi, Kyung-Hyun;Park, Sang Min;Park, Joo-Sung;Park, Jae-Hyun;Kim, Kyae Hyung;Kim, Myung-Ju
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • v.14 no.8
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    • pp.4743-4750
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    • 2013
  • Background: Identifying and managing osteoporosis among cancer survivors is an important issue, yet little is known about the bone health of cancer survivors in Korea. This study was designed to measure the prevalence of osteoporosis and to assess related factors among Korean cancer survivors. Materials and Methods: This study was designed as a cross-sectional analysis. Data were obtained from dual energy X-ray absorptiometry measurement of the lumbar vertebrae and femoral neck, and from standardized questionnaires among 556 cancer survivors and 17,623 non-cancer controls who participated in the Fourth and Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (2008-2011). We calculated adjusted proportions of osteoporosis in non-cancer controls vs. cancer survivors, and we performed multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: The prevalence of osteoporosis among cancer survivors was significant higher than that of the non-cancer controls after adjusting for related factors. Furthermore, osteoporosis among cancer survivors was higher in elderly subjects (60-69 years : adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 3.04, 95% CI : 1.16-8.00, ${\geq}70$ years : aOR 6.60, 95% CI 2.20-19.79), in female cancer survivors (aOR: 7.03, 95% CI: 1.88-26.28), and in a group with lower monthly income (aOR: 3.38, 95% CI: 1.31-8.71). In male cancer survivors, underweight and lower calcium intake were risk factors. Conclusions: These data suggest that the osteoporosis among cancer survivors varies according to non-oncologic and oncologic factors. Effective screening should be applied, and a sufficient and comprehensive management should be matched to individual cancer survivors early after cancer treatment.

Effect of Declawing on Behavior of Farmed Emus

  • Glatz, P.C.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • v.14 no.2
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    • pp.288-296
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    • 2001
  • The behavior of declawed emus in a farm environment has not been described despite its importance in the husbandry and welfare of the emu. This study examined whether declawing of emus causes chronic pain resulting in permanent changes in the locomotor and general behavior of declawed yearling emus compared to emus not declawed. One group of 40 emus were declawed on the day of hatch by removing the distal phalangeal joint using a Lyon beak-trimming machine. Another group of 40 emus not declawed were the controls. Declawed emus one year of age were allocated to a paddock $250m{\times}125m$, while the control group was placed in an adjoining paddock of the same dimensions. One hour video records of individual emus from each treatment were made from 08:00 and 17:00 h over 2 periods; firstly when food and water was available and secondly during a period when food and water was not available after being withdrawn overnight. Inactive, ingestive, posture change, grooming, aggressive and locomotor behaviors were monitored from the videotape. There was no behavioral evidence to indicate loss of locomotor ability of declawed emus or to suggest declawed emus were suffering from severe chronic pain as indicated by declawed emus engaging in significantly more bouts (p<0.05) and time of searching (p<0.05). Declawed emus also engaged in less stereotype pacing (p<0.05) indicating they were under less stress and not as frustrated as control birds which engaged in more step pushing behavior (p<0.05). Modelling analysis showed that pecking behavior in birds was most closely related to foraging behavior. Birds subject to pecking attacks demonstrated higher levels of stereotype behavior presumably as a method to cope with stress. The behavioral evidence in this study would indicate that declawing does not compromise the locomotor ability of emus and has the benefit of improving the social structure in the groups by reducing stereotype behavior and aggression.

Smoking Trajectories among Koreans in Seoul and California: Exemplifying a Common Error in Age Parameterization

  • Allem, Jon-Patrick;Ayers, John W.;Unger, Jennifer B.;Irvin, Veronica L.;Hofstetter, C. Richard;Hovell, Melbourne F.
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • v.13 no.5
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    • pp.1851-1856
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    • 2012
  • Immigration to a nation with a stronger anti-smoking environment has been hypothesized to make smoking less common. However, little is known about how environments influence risk of smoking across the lifecourse. Research suggested a linear decline in smoking over the lifecourse but these associations, in fact, might not be linear. This study assessed the possible nonlinear associations between age and smoking and examined how these associations differed by environment through comparing Koreans in Seoul, South Korea and Korean Americans in California, United States. Data were drawn from population based telephone surveys of Korean adults in Seoul (N=500) and California (N=2,830) from 2001-2002. Locally weighted scatterplot smoothing (lowess) was used to approximate the association between age and smoking with multivariable spline logistic regressions, including adjustment for confounds used to draw population inferences. Smoking differed across the lifecourse between Korean and Korean American men. The association between age and smoking peaked around 35 years among Korean and Korean American men. From 18 to 35 the probability of smoking was 57% higher (95%CI, 40 to 71) among Korean men versus 8% (95%CI, 3 to 19) higher among Korean American men. A similar difference in age after 35, from 40 to 57 years of age, was associated with a 2% (95%CI, 0 to 10) and 20% (95%CI, 16 to 25) lower probability of smoking among Korean and Korean American men. A nonlinear pattern was also observed among Korean American women. Social role transitions provide plausible explanations for the decline in smoking after 35. Investigators should be mindful of nonlinearities in age when attempting to understand tobacco use.

The Connection Program Displayed by Art Museum for a Public Cultural Life (일반인의 문화생활을 위한 미술관 전시 연계 프로그램)

  • Choi, Eun-Hui;Song, Seung-Keun;Lee, Jin-Ho;Jeong, Hee-Kwon
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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    • 2013.05a
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    • pp.179-180
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    • 2013
  • This study aims to make continuedly the community culture and art development to promote the use of a cultural facility through the art program of an art museum. This increases the satisfaction of the citizens' life by it and excavates the faithful users' culture and art. It contributes the culture and art development of Pusan in the future. We analyzed the data of the social index related Pusan's culture and leisure to investigate the basic concept of art museum education based on previous research. We reviewed the degree of use of facility for culture and art based on it. We present a community culture and art development plan through connection program displayed art museum. We expect the basis to increase the community culture level in Pusan.

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Comparison of the Process-level Power Consumption Profilers (프로세스 레벨 전력 소비 프로파일러의 비교)

  • Kang, Min-jae;Noh, Dong-kun
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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    • 2012.10a
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    • pp.749-752
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    • 2012
  • Recent social issues is energy issues, green computing has attracted attention. Active research on the power consumption of computer profiling is one of the various approaches for green computing. As a representative tool PowerAPI, PowerTop, JouleMeter, pTop, and EnergyChecker. These studies can be used to measure the power consumption of each computer device because it is based on a pure software. Based on this profiling process at the level of power consumption by performing the power consumption of each program can be analyzed. Therefore to identify the processes that consume a lot of power and control the total power consumption by reducing, also when designing the program, based on data profiling power enables the design of low-power programs, and ultimately can be oriented green computing. In this paper, by comparing and analyzing the associated representative studies, the ideal process level will draw on the characteristics of the power consumption profiler.

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Physicians' perception of and attitudes towards patient safety culture and medical error reporting (환자안전 문화와 의료과오 보고에 대한 의사의 인식과 태도)

  • Kang, Min-Ah;Kim, Jeong-Eun;An, Kyung-Eh;Kim, Yoon;Kim, Suk-Wha
    • Health Policy and Management
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    • v.15 no.4
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    • pp.110-135
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    • 2005
  • The objectives of this study were (1) to describe doctors' perception and attitudes toward patient safety culture and medical error reporting in their working unit and hospitals, (2) to examine whether these perception and attitudes differ by doctors' characteristics, such as sex, position, and specialties, and (3) to understand the relationship between overall perception of patient safety in their working unit and each sub domain of patient safety culture. A survey was conducted with 135 doctors working in a university hospital in Korea. After descriptive analyses and chi-square tests of subgroup differences, a multivariate-regression of overall perception of patient safety in their unit with sub-domains of patient safety culture was conducted. Overall, a significant proportion of doctors expressed negative perception of their working units' patient safety culture, many reporting potentials for patient safety problems to occur in their unit. They also negatively viewed their hospital leadership's commitment on patient safety. Regarding the patient safety in their working unit, doctors were most worried about staffing level and observance of safety procedures. Most doctors did not know how and which medical error to report. They also perceived that medical errors would work against them personally and penalize them. About 22 percent of respondents believed that even seriously harmful medical errors were not reported.

Deregulation of the Fire Prevention Legislation; and Its Impact on Fire Occurrence - Case of the United Kingdom - (′화재예방법규′의 규제완화가 화재발생에 미치는 영향 -영국 사례분석 -)

  • 이재열
    • Fire Science and Engineering
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    • v.15 no.2
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    • pp.13-19
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    • 2001
  • The OECD defines regulatory reform as both better regulation and deregulation, and emphasizes that governments must continue to regulate in areas such as environmental quality and safety. In contrast, Korean regulatory reform in fire services in the 1990s shows quite a strange trend, having been carried out only to the direction of softening and abolishing regulations. In the UK, fire prevention legislation has been strengthened since the enactment of the Fire Precautions Act 1971, and the Building Regulations 1991, which apply to all new buildings including a private house, require that there should be at least one smoke alarm on each floor. This research shows that the tightening of fire prevention legislation in the UK has promoted fire safety, which is very instructive for Korean fire services. In order for Korean fire services to protect citizens'lives and property from fires, one of basic directions of regulatory reform, to improve the quality of regulations relating to safety, health and the environment, should be observed strictly. Moreover, the flexibility of the basic direction of regulatory reform should be ensured so that the regulations concerning safety could be even increased under the overall reform strategy of reducing all regulations.

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Web-Based Data Processing and Model Linkage Techniques for Agricultural Water-Resource Analysis (농촌유역 물순환 해석을 위한 웹기반 자료 전처리 및 모형 연계 기법 개발)

  • Park, Jihoon;Kang, Moon Seong;Song, Jung-Hun;Jun, Sang Min;Kim, Kyeung;Ryu, Jeong Hoon
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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    • v.57 no.5
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    • pp.101-111
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    • 2015
  • Establishment of appropriate data in certain formats is essential for agricultural water cycle analysis, which involves complex interactions and uncertainties such as climate change, social & economic change, and watershed environmental change. The main objective of this study was to develop web-based Data processing and Model linkage Techniques for Agricultural Water-Resource analysis (AWR-DMT). The developed techniques consisted of database development, data processing technique, and model linkage technique. The watershed of this study was the upper Cheongmi stream and Geunsam-Ri. The database was constructed using MS SQL with data code, watershed characteristics, reservoir information, weather station information, meteorological data, processed data, hydrological data, and paddy field information. The AWR-DMT was developed using Python. Processing technique generated probable rainfall data using non-stationary frequency analysis and evapotranspiration data. Model linkage technique built input data for agricultural watershed models, such as the TANK and Agricultural Watershed Supply (AWS). This study might be considered to contribute to the development of intelligent watercycle analysis by developing data processing and model linkage techniques for agricultural water-resource analysis.

The Background of Tarski's Definition of Logical Consequence (타르스키의 논리적 귀결 정의의 역사적 배경)

  • Park, Woosuk
    • Korean Journal of Logic
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    • v.17 no.1
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    • pp.33-70
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    • 2014
  • We still do not know against what histocial/philosophical background and motivation was Tarski's definition of logical consequence introduced, even if it has had such a strong influence. In view of the centrality of the notion of logical consequence in logic and philosophy of logic, it is rather shocking. There must be various intertwined reasons to blame for this uncomfortable situation. There has been remarkable progress achieved recently on the history of analytic philosophy and modern logic. In view of the recent developments of the controversies involved, however, we will have to wait years to resolve all this uneasiness. In this gloomy situation, Douglas Patterson's recent study of Tarski's philosophy of language and logic seems to have the potential to turn out to be a ground breaking achievement. [Patterson (2012)] This article aims at reporting the state-of-the-art in this problem area, and fathoming the future directions of research by examining critically some unclear components of Patterson's study.

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