• 한국의류학회지
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.81-94
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• 2019

Social media is an essential part of everyday life in modern society and plays an important role in communicating the ideal body image. With the increased prevalence and high popularity of social media, the problems associated with the addictive use of social media have become a social issue. Utilizing social comparison theory, this study examined (1) the effect of appearance related photo activities on body satisfaction through appearance comparison and (2) the moderating effect of Instagram addiction in relationships among appearance related photo activity, appearance comparison, and body satisfaction. We tested the proposed relationships between research variables using multi-group structural equation modeling analysis on a sample of 346 young female Instagram users. The sample was divided into two groups of high and low addicted Instagram users. The results of this study showed that the appearance related photo activity positively influenced appearance comparison for both high and low addiction groups. For the high addiction group, the effect of appearance comparison on body satisfaction was not statistically significant; however, this relationship was significant and negative for the low addiction group. A significant moderating effect of Instagram addiction was found in the relationship between appearance related photo activity and appearance comparison.

• 한국전자거래학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.59-77
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• 2015

소셜 네트워크 서비스(SNS; social network service)의 발전과 확산으로 사람들은 타인의 정보를 시간과 장소에 구애 받지 않고 쉽게 공유할 수 있게 되었고, 타인과의 관계형성 또한 더욱 쉽고 빠른 방법으로 가능하게 되었다. 특히 페이스북 같은 SNS는 광범위한 사용성과 빠른 확산성과 함께, 타인과의 풍부한 사회비교 기회를 갖게 한다. 본 연구는 소셜 미디어에 기반한 사회비교 노출이 사용자의 부정적인 감정과 SNS의 사용중단 의도에 끼치는 영향을 실증적으로 탐구하는데 그 목적이 있다. 먼저, 본 연구는 SNS 사용자의 사회비교 활동이 크게 3가지로 나뉜다고 보았는데, 가장먼저 본인의 위치와 비슷하다고 느끼는 상대와 자신을 평가하려는 자기평가욕구에서 시작하는 유사비교활동, 본인보다 더 열등한 사람과 비교함으로써 자신의 정서가 다치지 않게 하려는 자기방어욕구에서 비롯되는 하향비교활동, 마지막으로 자신보다 더 나은 상대와 비교함으로써 자신을 발전시키고자 하는 자기향상욕구와 관련되는 상향비교활동이다. 이러한 사회비교활동들은 사람들이 매일매일 SNS에 지나치게 의존하고 상향비교, 유사비교와 관련된 정보들에 자주 노출됨으로써, 빈번하게 발생될 수 있으며, 이는 결국 부정적인 감정들과 피로감으로 이어져 SNS 중단의도로 이어질 수 있다는 것이다. 본 연구는 209명의 SNS 사용자들을 대상으로 한 설문조사를 통하여 SNS 이용자들이 타인과 상향비교와 유사비교를 할수록 부정적 감정을 느끼게 되어, 이러한 감정들이 결국 SNS에 대한 부정적 태도(Attitude)를 거쳐 SNS 이용중단(Behavior)에 이르게 된다는 것을 밝히고자하였다. PLS 분석결과, SNS 사용 중 일어나는 사회비교와 타인탐색위주의 SNS의 사용은 사용자들에게 부정적인 감정들을 느끼게 하며 이 부정적인 감정들이 SNS 이용중단 의도에 통계적으로 유의한 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 SNS 이용중단 의도에 관한 연구를 사회 심리학적 관점으로 확대하여 실증적 연구를 진행했다는 점과 상향비교 또는 유사비교가 부정적인 영향을 끼칠 수 있다는 기존의 심리학연구결과를 SNS 환경에서 실증적으로 증명하였다는 점에서 그 학술적 의의가 크다고 할 수 있다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.957-968
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to extend the social comparison theory in an attempt to examine the effect of TV media on adolescent body images. The research was a survey and the subjects were 895 male and female adolescents in Taejon, Korea. The measuring instruments were 2 sets of stimuli of male and female body silhouettes and self-administrated questionnaire. Results were as follows: 1) The subjects TV viewing periods were 3∼4 hours per day and their involvements in TV media were moderate degree. 2) The results of perceptual body images showed that adolescent favored thin body type as an ideal body and had distorting tendency that their bodies were larger than the actual sizes. 3) The results of attitudinal body images showed three factors such as \"appearance evaluation\", \"appearance orientation\", and \"fitness orientation\". 4) TV media had significant effects on perceptual and attitudinal body images. It is concluded that the results of this study support social comparison theory that people compare themselves to others to satisfy their needs for self-evaluation and for judgments of their own personal worth since TV media give strong influence on adolescents through presenting social comparison models to body images.

• 한국HCI학회논문지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.5-15
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• 2018

소셜네트워크게임(Social Network Game, 이하 SNG)의 가장 큰 특징은 SNS의 사회관계망을 바탕으로 실제로 알고 있는 지인들과의 경쟁과 협력을 통해 게임플레이가 진행된다는 점에 있다. 그러나 기존 게임분야 연구에서 경쟁과 도전감이 게임 몰입 등에 영향을 미치는 선행요인으로써 중요하게 다루어져 왔음에도 불구하고 SNG에서 이루어지는 지인 간 순위경쟁의 특성을 고려한 깊이 있는 연구는 부족한 실정이다. 더불어 SNG에서는 지인들이 경쟁의 대상인 동시에 도전의 대상이 될 수 있다는 점을 고려하지 못하였다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 SNS의 사회관계망을 기반으로 하는 모바일 퍼즐 SNG의 지인 간 순위경쟁 특성을 사회비교이론의 자기평가유지모형 선행연구를 통해 분석하여 경쟁심과 도전감에 영향을 미치는 요인으로써 비교대상의 성취정도 (큰 순위차이, 작은 순위차이), 비교대상과의 친밀감 (강한 유대관계, 약한 유대관계)의 두 요인을 규명하고 이러한 요인 및 요인 간 상호작용이 순위경쟁상황에서 플레이어의 경쟁심과 도전감에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 실증적으로 분석하였다. 결과적으로 순위차이가 큰 경쟁대상보다 순위차이가 비교적 작은 경쟁대상을 우선적으로 노출시킬 때, 더불어 유대관계가 약한 경쟁대상보다 유대관계가 강한 경쟁대상을 우선적으로 노출시킬 때 플레이어의 경쟁심을 자극하여 도전감을 향상시킬 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. 이와 같은 연구결과는 SNG 순위표 콘텐츠 디자인의 실무에 있어 그 활용 가치가 클 것으로 기대할 수 있다.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.24-38
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• 2018

Since a social networking service (SNS) isconsidered as an effective means to communicate and interact with customers, companies are trying to utilize SNS effectively. There is a lack of theory relating to the attributes of SNS. This study aims to investigate the attributes of SNS to classify SNS. Based on the social network theory, and previous studies on internet, blog, homepage, communication attributes, this study proposes the seven attributes to classify SNS: interaction, communication, entertainment, information, sharing, intimacy and connection. A pre-test, a pilot test and a main test are conducted. In the main test, 239 SNS users are participated. Through a factor analysis this study verifies the seven attributes of SNS. An analysis of variance with multiple comparisons of $Scheff{\acute{e}}$ method identifies that three attributes, interaction, communication and connection, are found to play significant roles to differentiate SNS. Looking at the overall mean values of the SNS by attribute, interaction, sharing, entertainment, intimacy and communication were relatively high in Facebook. Facebook showed higher values in attributes of interaction, sharing, entertainment, intimacy and communication. Twitter shows the relatively high scores for information and connection. Regarding interaction, Facebook shows higher scores than Twitter and Cyworld. For connection, Cyworld showed a significantly lower score than Twitter and Facebook. Cyworld was separated from the others in the light of communication. Cyworld is relatively weak in communication as it is limited to the message exchanges. The results will help in identifying major attributes for each SNS and classifying SNS.

• 영어어문교육
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.97-121
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• 2011

This study aims to examine how motivational constructs are interrelated with social, context-specific factors and, as a result, contribute to L2 writing achievement within the framework of self-determination theory. The data consisted of 67 Korean college students' questionnaire responses, final scores in an on-offline blended writing course, and qualitative interviews with 5 students. In the descriptive and the correlation analyses, the participants' extrinsic motivation was found higher than intrinsic motivation, with low amotivation. Among social factors, immersion environment, foreign instructor, and peer comparison marked high scores, whereas Korean instructor and online material gained low scores. Those contextual factors were interrelated with each other, such that the immersion factor correlated significantly with Korean instructor and peer comparison. Extrinsic and intrinsic motivational subscales engendered strong correlations with the high-scored social factors, i.e., immersion, foreign instructor, and peer comparison, which were also closely interrelated with L2 writing achievement. The findings illuminate intricate workings of motivation in its effects on L2 achievement and corroborate the roles of contextual factors. The effect of motivational subscales on achievement may be valid through interplay with some social factors. The dynamics of motivation is discussed for pedagogical applications.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.99-116
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• 2013

This study examines whether product promotions are influenced by the market standing of promoted products, using social comparison theory (upward versus downward comparisons). It is hypothesized that people in possession of a product that is inferior to the one on promotion express less discomfort about the promotion and use the information more than do people in possession of a superior product. People in possession of an inferior product may also exhibit more positive attitudes toward the product on promotion, but may show poorer attitudes toward their own possessed product than do people with a superior product. This is because people in an inferior socioeconomic position show a strong motivation to improve themselves through upward social comparison, whereas people in a superior socioeconomic position maintain a strong sense of superiority in downward social comparison, which suggests strong endowment effects. The findings mainly support the hypotheses, and suggest that sales promotions are more effective for people who currently own an inferior product, but not for people with a superior product, who have a strong motivation to maintain their sense of superiority. The findings also imply that, in order to attract consumers in the superior market, managers for inferior products need to turn to methods other than sales promotions, which may include introducing a new brand or sub-brand, or emphasizing luxury and modern features. In contrast, managers for superior products may emphasize product functions and attributes of superior products in their promotions, as people with inferior products may consider such information as benefits of the superior products.

• 복식
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• 제62권2호
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• pp.122-135
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to figure out what the beauty of the modern body means and symbolizes from the aesthetic, sociocultural, and psychological perspectives and to investigate how it was formed in the modern Korean society. The data were obtained from the magazines and newspapers published from 1920 to 1939 and analyzed by qualitative content analysis. The results were as follows: First, the modern body from an aesthetic standpoint was characterized by the beauty of westernization, healthy body shape, sensuality, curvaceousness, activity, balance and harmony, and artificiality. The beauty of the modern body from a sociocultural perspective symbolized modern culture and implied the value evaluated by visual appearance. Therefore, the modern body became an object of consumption and the physical capital that gave women chances for their social success and happy marriages. The beauty of the modern body from a psychological viewpoint expressed individuality as a modern ego. Second, the formation of modern body esthetics was explained within the context of social comparison theory. The ideal body suggested by mass media was internalized as the aesthetic standard women used to create modern bodies and with which they compared their created bodies.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제14권10호
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• pp.165-178
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• 2016

Purpose - This study aims to empirically verify the impact of media richness, social presence, and prior life satisfaction on various continual usage or withdrawal behaviors of SNS users via both a positive path of satisfaction and a negative path of relative deprivation. By identifying these causal paths, we observe dynamic interactions of SNS user psychology in a balanced view, and provide some implications about design principles for SNS providers. Research design, data, and methodology - We developed 16 hypothesis based on media richness theory, social presence theory, social comparison theory, the literature about relative deprivation, and the literature about the various reactions of IS users. The rich SNS media, social presence recognition among peer SNS users, and prior life satisfaction could generate positive experience, attitude, and virtuous behavioral intentions among SNS users. At the same time, rich media, low social presence, and low prior life satisfaction could generate relative deprivation and could increase withdrawal behavioral intentions such as refusal to provide information, misrepresentation of information, and removal of uploaded information in SNS. Scenario surveys were conducted to collect data from potential SNS users. Data from 357 surveys were collected and analyzed through a PLS algorithm to test the hypotheses. Results - Media richness, social presence, and prior life satisfaction could significantly increase perceived enjoyment, satisfaction, and behavioral intention of continual usage and knowledge sharing. They also could significantly decrease refusal and misrepresentation intention. Relative deprivation is significantly decreased only by prior life satisfaction. Relative deprivation could not significantly decrease satisfaction, but it could significantly increase misrepresentation and removal intention, which could be regarded as information distortion intention. Conclusions - SNS providers should focus on developing rich media and social presence support because these two variables could impact the positive experiences of SNS users. Moreover, the positive experiences could heavily influence SNS user behavior. Some management is needed to prevent relative deprivation and its consequences of misrepresentation and removal intention. SNS providers should prevent SNS users from excessive image misrepresentation and removal as this information distortion could be the source of relative deprivation.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.941-948
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• 2021

본 연구는 소극적 TV 시청 집단과 적극적 TV 시청 집단의 차이를 시청자의 거주지역의 특성을 중심으로 조사하였다. 플로우 이론과 사회비교 이론을 적용하여 드라마 스토리의 상류 계층 묘사 여부가 각 집단의 드라마 시청률에 미치는 영향력에 대해 살펴보았다. 2016년 2월부터 2019년 3월까지 방영된 드라마 중 상류 계층 묘사 스토리를 가진 것으로 평가되는 4개 드라마와 대조군의 4개 드라마를 선정하여 지역케이블 서비스 업체인 딜라이브 방송의 서울/경기 15개 권역 11만 가구를 대상으로 하는 권역별 평균 시청률 자료를 이용했다. 드라마 시청률에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 권역별 여성비율과 소득수준 등 변수들을 통제하고 분석한 결과 상류 사회 스토리를 담은 상류 계층 묘사 드라마는 적극적 시청 집단의 시청률에 긍정적 영향을 미치는 반면 소극적 시청 집단의 시청률에는 부정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구 결과는 시청자의 패턴에 따라 상류 계층을 묘사한 드라마 시청률에 미치는 상이한 영향력을 밝혔다는 점에서 의의를 갖는다.