• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.471-479
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify factors for smoking middle school students' intention to quit smoking on the basis of the social influence and self-efficacy [ASE] model. Methods: Data were collected from 2,015 students from five middle schools in Daegu with a structured questionnaire in March, 2013 and analyzed by using $x^2$-test, ANOVA, pearson's correlation and multiple regression analysis. Results: The smoking rate was 6.1% among the total subjects and 85.4% of the smokers had intention to quit smoking. The mean value of attitude toward quitting smoking was $2.15{\pm}0.34$, that of social influence $3.38{\pm}0.65$, and that of self-efficacy $2.84{\pm}0.95$. The multiple regression analysis showed an explanatory power of 24.7%, and experience of trying to quit smoking was the strongest factor affecting the intention to quit smoking (${\beta}$=.34, p<.01), followed by school years and social influence. Conclusion: In order to increase smoking middle school students' intention to quit smoking, intervention strategies are needed to increase positive social influence or to offer public information to younger smoking students in low school years.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.277-288
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• 2004

Purpose: This study was to provide basic information for preventing high school students from smoking by examining their actual smoking condition and their knowledge and attitude about smoking. Method: The subjects were 515 students selected from six(6), high schools in Jecheon. Data were collected using a questionnaire from the 1st to the 17th of December 2002. The author prepared the tool by modifying the scale of knowledge and attitude about smoking developed by Moon(2001). Data were analyzed with SPSS/WIN program using frequencies, percentages, $x^2$-test, t-test, ANOVA. Duncan test and Pearson's correlation coefficient. Result: 1. The percentage of ex-smoking students was 29.9% of male students and 18.6% of female ones. The percentage of currently smoking students was 23.9% of male students and 3.0% of female ones. The percentage of non-smoking students was 46.2% of male students and 78.4% of female ones, 2. There were not significant differences in smoking knowledge according to smoking status in male and female students. 3. There were significant differences in smoking attitude according to smoking status in male(F=32.70, p=.000) and female(F=11.15, p=.000) students. 4. In smoking status according to general characteristics, there were significant differences according to the type of school($x^2$=32.93, p=.000), grade($x^2$=11.91, p=.018), educational level of the father($x^2$=30.52, p=.000) and the mother($x^2$=14.23, p=.027), monthly allowance($x^2$=17.19, p=.028), harmony of family members($x^2$=15.23, p=.019), school life($x^2$=26.96, p=.00l) and school record($x^2$=30.24, p=.000). 5. In smoking status according to smoking-related characteristics, there were significant differences according to experience in cigarette purchase($x^2$=150.04. p=.000), experience in errands for cigarette($x^2$=20.00, p=.000), knowledge of cigarette price($x^2$=72.52, p=.000), close friends' smoking($x^2$=107.41. p=.000) and smoking of brothers and sisters($x^2$=16.97, p=.002). 6. There were significant correlation between knowledge and attitude about smoking in the whole students(r=.337. p=.000), ex-smokers(r=.324. p=.000), non-smokers(r=.369. p=.000) but there was not a significant correlation between knowledge and attitude about smoking in current smokers(r=.128. p=.30l). Conclusion: Smoking prevention education should considered students' smoking status. Current smokers need smoking prevention education aiming to change their attitude toward smoking in order for them to reduce smoking and to practice smoking cessation.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.256-264
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• 2003

Purpose: The purpose of this research was to find out tobacco control education taught graduate, baccalaureate and associate degree-nursing programs in Korea. Method: A valid and reliable questionnaire previously used to assess tobacco use in medical and nursing schools in the United States was translated and revalidated. Surveys were sent out to all the graduate, baccalaureate and associate nursing programs in Korea. All 6-tobacco curricula content areas recommended by the United States National Cancer Institute and the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research was included. Result: Majority of BSN (93.2%-75%) and AD (92.3%-64.1%) programs were teaching health hazards, cancer risk, health effects of tobacco, effects of ETS, contents of cigarette, withdrawal symptoms and high risk groups of smoking as a part of required courses. However, 87.5% (14/16) of graduate, 50.0% (22/44) in baccalaureate, 53.8% (21/39) in associate degree programs were not teaching about the 5 A's. Of those who reported teaching smoking cessation strategies, they were covered most frequently in Community Nursing (50%), Adult Health Nursing (43.8%) on the graduate level, and in Community Nursing (65.9%-BSN, 76.9%-AD) and Adult Health (54.5%-BSN, 74.4%-AD) on the undergraduate level. 31.1% (5/16) in Graduate, 18.2%(8/44) in BSN, 10.3% (4/39) in Associate Degree programs reported that there are no smoking students in their schools and rest of the schools reported either do not know or they have 1 to more than 21% of students smoking. Conclusion: The study results identifies the quantity and level of tobacco control content in three different nursing programs and will help in developing curricular guidelines in the future. Further survey needs to be done on nursing students' knowledge, attitude and belief on smoking and smoking cessation.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.213-220
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• 2016

Purpose: The aim of this study was to identify the influence of knowledge, attitude and preventive health behavior of cancer on nicotine dependency in male college students who have a habit of smoking. Methods: In this study, a cross-sectional survey design was adopted for the 254 male college students who smoke in D and S city. The data was analyzed for descriptive statistics, t-test, Pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis using the SPSS 20.0 program. Results: Knowledge about lung cancer (${\beta}=-.407$, p<.001), preventive health behaviors about cancer (${\beta}=-.223$, p<.001) and the smoking period ($5years{\leq}$) (${\beta}=.198$, p=.001) were identified as the factors influencing nicotine dependency of the subjects. The model explained 33% of variance in nicotine dependency (F=20.49, p<.001). Conclusion: The results suggest that anti-smoking educators should include the strategies to increase knowledge about lung cancer and preventive health behaviors of cancer, and to reduce the smoking period in their smoking cessation program.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.202-212
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of a school based smoking prevention program for college freshmen. Method: The nonequivalent control group, pretest-post-test design was used. Among 16 departments in a University located in S city, students in 8, randomly selected, departments received 6 sessions of smoking prevention program consisted of small group discussion led by smoking cessation leaders, video watching, and lectures from March 15 to June 9, 2004. Students in remaining 8 departments did not receive any education. Student's attitude, intention, stress, temptation, knowledge and self efficacy was measured. Result: The level of stress and smoking temptation was significantly decreased in the experimental group over that of the control group. Conclusion: It was proven that this school based smoking prevention program was effective for decreasing smoking temptation in college freshmen. In the future, more efforts should be given to college age students to prevent them becoming chronic smokers.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.380-390
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• 2020

Purpose: The study was undertaken to determine the socio-ecological convergence factors affecting on attempts to quit smoking in out-of-school youths. Methods: The study participants were 187 out-of-school youths enrolled Youth support Centers, collected from November 2018 to February 2019, analyzed through x2test and independent sample t-test, logistic regression analysis. Results: There was a significant differences and associated within daily smoking amounts, age of start smoking, intense physical activity, intake breakfast, smoking cessation self-efficiency, and smoking attitude among socio-ecological characteristics according to attempts of quit-smoking. Conclusion: The results of this study will be provided a basic data for developing The Quit-Smoking Intervention Program for out-of-school youth's health activities.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.397-404
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the tobacco cessation activities of the dental staffs in Wonju city. All 137 subjects were surveyed by structured questionnaire with convenience sampling. The distribution and correlation of attitude, behavior, and intervention were evaluated by both frequency test and ANOVA test. 75.2% of total subjects responded that the dental staff should give a model through prohibition of smoking and 66.5% responded that tobacco cessation activities should be responsibility of the dental staff. Tobacco cessation counsel was performed by little but with positive attitude. Advice method of tobacco cessation was used to counsel on tobacco cessation (68.6%). The dentists (48.2%) and dental hygienists (23.4%) were responded adequate for the tobacco cessation counselor, however, it was shown that the dentist had lower level of attitude about tobacco cessation than dental hygienist (p<0.01). The dental staff needs to participate in the tobacco cessation counseling program more regularly and actively. In order for the dental staffs gets the counsel effectively and intervene with tobacco cessation, it is essential that the education of tobacco cessation is integrated in dental school. Furthermore, it is necessary for the dental staffs to take continuing education for more effective understanding of tobacco cessation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.93-105
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• 2002

This study was aimed at identifying on the state and knowledge toward smoking and passive smoking in middle school students. The data were collected from 6th. to 18th. August, 2001. Subject were 125 middle school students who were participated in the Smoking Cessation Program of S Health Agency in Busan. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS program for frequency, percent, mean, and chi-square test. The smoking related state and attitude of subjects were as follows; the nurmber of the smoking students are 10(8.0 %) at present, 19(15.2 %) at past experience, 53(42.4 %) having at present smoking friends, 73(58.4 %) having at present smoking family. Also the smoking starting time of present or past smoking experience was the middle school; 12(9.6 %) and elementary school; 11(8.8 %). They started because of the peer group members; 12(9.6 %), curiosity; 8(6.4 %), and looking good; 7(5.6 %). The passive smoking related state and attitude of subjects were as follows; the number of the passive smoking aware rates are very well level; 71(56.8 %), well level; 54(43.2 %). The exposed experience to passive smoking was always; 38(30.4 %), sometimes; 86(68.8 %), not experience; 1(0.8 5). The place of exposure to passive smoking was game rooms; 67(53.6 %), house; 30(24.0 %), fast food place or cafeteria; 10(8.0 %), and street or in a vehicle ; 3(2.4 %). The main smoker to passive smoking exposure was unknown person; 61(48.8 %), grand parents or parents; 43(34.4 %), brothers or friends; 8(6.4 %), teachers; 4(3.2 %). The chief complant of passive smoking exposure was dyspnea; 36(28.8 %), coughing; 34(27.2 5), dizziness; 21(16.8 %), no symptom; 18(14.4 %). The mostly affected smoker to passive smoking exposure was parents; 52(41.6 %), brothers or friends; 48(38.4 %). The health affected perception to passive smoking exposure was very affected; 109(87.2 %), not affected; 3(2.4 %). In conclusion, it can be well recognized that considerable number of middle school students is exposed to the passive smoking in their homes and by unknown persons, but, their knowledge and attitude toward the exposure to passive smoking is not effective. Therefore, it is hoped that regular smoking education program at school and restriction campaign in home and the public place is necessary.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.432-440
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• 2003

Purpose: To provide basic data for strategy of substance abuse through the investigation of the status of substance abuse and knowledge and attitude about drugs in the elementary students. Method: Subjects were 565 6th grade of elementary students. Data were collected from June to July 2001 by using structured questionnaire. Result: 1) Among the students of respondents, 10.2% of them had the experience in smoking, 26.7% and 08% of them in drinking and inhalants, respectively. 2) The degree of students' knowledge about substance was 20.9 points on average with the highest score being 30. Students' knowledge about substances, smoking came on top, next came drinking and inhalants followed them. There were no significant differences in the knowledge of substances by general and drug related characteristics of the students. 3) The students' attitude about substances was negative with 30 points on average with the highest score being 108. As for the attitude about substances, they revealed the most generous in drinking next in smoking and inhalants. Those of boys, bored in school life and experienced in substance abuse were significantly generous in the attitude about substances. 4) There was a significant weak inverse relationship between the student's knowledge and attitude about substances (r=-0.13). As for the relationship between the student's knowledge and attitude about substances, the strongest relationship was shown in inhalants (r=-0.18) next in drinking (r=-0.16) and smoking (r=-0.06). Conclusion: The results of the finding suggest that the developing of programs in substance abuse for the elementary students are needed not only for the prevention but also for the cessation.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.8
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• pp.5287-5295
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• 2015

This study was conducted to identify the related factors of cancer preventive behaviors for adolescent smokers. Data were collected from September 1st 2012 to March 31st 2013 of 200 adolescent smokers who were participating in smoking cessation school at W hospital in B city. As a results, there were significant differences in cancer preventive behaviors by grade, religion, benefit, barrier, perceived health status, daily living, alcohol, exercise, nicotine dependency, first smoking age, smoking duration and non-smoking intention. Cancer preventive behaviors were weakly negative related to knowledge about cancer, And there is weakly positive correlation between cancer preventive behaviors and attitude about cancer. Meaningful variables which explain cancer preventive behaviors were daily living, barrier, grade, exercise, benefit, knowledge about cancer, smoking cessation intention in order. Total explanation power was 30.6% and daily living has most explanation power. In conclusion, It is necessary to encourage sound hobbies and exercise instead of smoking for adolescent smokers in their daily living. And health education programmes, based on the grade and smoking cessation intention of adolescent smokers, need to be developed to emphasize the benefit of cancer preventive behaviors, and to decrease barriers against those behaviors.