• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.285-289
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• 1989

Pontential mutagenic and antimutagenic activities of four steroidal saponins from Smilax china rhizomes were investigated. These saponins did not revealed mutagneicity in the Ames and SOS umu test. For antimutagenic activity by SOS umu test, two spirostanol glycosides, dioscin and gracillin, inhibited the activity of ${\beta}-galactosidase$ induced by AF-2, but their proto-type furostanol glycosides did not show this activity.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.33 no.3 s.130
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• pp.169-172
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• 2002

Chinese crude drug 'To Bog Ryung' has been to cure chronic aperient, syphilis cough and diabetes. The botanical origin of the crude drug has never been studied pharmacognostically. To clarify the botanical origin of To Bog Ryung, the morphological and anatomical characteristics of the rhizomes of Smilax species growing in Korea, i.e. S. china, S. riparia var. ussuriensis, S. nipponica, S. sieboldii were compared. As a result, it was determined that To Bog Ryung was the rhizome of Smilax china and Smilax sieboldii.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.189-194
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• 2015

Validation and contents determination of (+)-catechin and diosgenin from Smilax china L. rhizome (SC) were confirmed using Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC). (+)-Catechin was isolated from 60% prethanol SC extract and diosgenin was isolated by acid hydrolysis of saponin fraction from 60% prethanol extract of SC. Finally we have established the validation of the isolated compounds [(+)-catechin, diosgenin] and contents determinations of (+)-catechin and diosgenin by UPLC on 60% prethanol extract of SC [(+)-catechin: 0.06878%, diosgenin: 0.48169%], and on hot water extract of SC [(+)-catechin: 0.06584%, diosgenin: 0.42178%].

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.233-238
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• 2011

Smilax china L. rhizome extract(SCE), called 'Tobokreung' in Korean traditional medicine was investigated the influence on heavy metal contents(particularly Pb, Cd, As, and Hg) in Sprague-Dawley rats for 3 weeks. The test groups were divided into 4 group, normal, control, and SCE feeding groups, SC1(13 mg/kg) and SC2(26 mg/kg), respectively. The three group except normal group, were fed heavy metal such as Pb, Cd, As, and Hg. Body weight gain and the weight of target organs (liver and kidney) were determined and had not shown significant differences. Pb, Cd, and As contents in the kidney of SCE feeding groups were tended to decrease after 3 weeks, and SC2 group showed remarkably decrease of them. In the liver, the 3 heavy metal contents except Cd of SC2 group, were decreased rather than that of control group. Pb contents in the serum and the hair of the SC2 group showed significantly decreasing. All the taken together, we investigated the effect of SCE on the 4 heavy metal contents in rats for 3 weeks, and found out that more dosage of SCE made lower heavy metal contents in vivo, for the first time.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.691-698
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• 2013

The biological activities of Smilax china L. rhizome (SCR), hot water (SCRW) and 70% ethanol extract (SCRE) were analyzed. The total phenolic contents of SCRW and SCRE were 51.7 and 100.5 mg/g, respectively. The measured flavonoid content of SCRW ($67.7{\mu}g/g$) was almost double that of SCRE ($31.7{\mu}g/g$). SCRE ($IC_{50}=42.4{\mu}g/mL$) exhibited stronger antioxidant activity in the DPPH system than the positive control ${\alpha}$-tocopherol ($71.3{\mu}g/mL$) or butylated hydroxy anisole ($53.8{\mu}g/mL$) did. SCRE ($IC_{50}=50.3{\mu}g/mL$) also showed stronger ABTS radical scavenging activity, as did ${\alpha}$-tocopherol ($67.1{\mu}g/mL$). The SOD-like activity and Tyrosinase inhibition activity of SCRW and SCRE showed almost the same pattern. The best SOD-like activity and tyrosinase inhibition activity were measured as 24.9% and 20.3% in SCRW at $1,000{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. The cytotoxic effects of the SCR extracts were analyzed via MTT assay on human cancer and normal cells. SCRW and SCRE did not show cytotoxicity up to the concentration of $1,000{\mu}g/mL$ against the normal human cell line HEK293. Against human breast cancer cells (MCF-7), SCRW inhibited MCF-7 growth (by 27.6%) better than the anticancer drug cyclophosphamide (15.5%) at $1,000{\mu}g/mL$. SCRE ($1,000{\mu}g/mL$) inhibited the growth of human lung cancer cells A549 (37.6%) and human stomach cancer cells AGS (53.6%) more effective than did SCRW (21.0% and 35.4%) or CPA (22.2% and 31.7%). These results suggest the potential use of SCRE and SCRW as an excellent antioxidant and antiproliferative substance, respectively.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.57 no.2
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• pp.145-152
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• 2014

To evaluate the improving effects of antioxidant activity, we observed antioxidant capacities such as electron donating ability (EDA), Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), inhibitory activity of xanthine oxidase (XO) and aldehyde oxidase (AO), and sensory characteristics on mixture of Smilax china L. root water extract added with water extract of fermented S. china L. leaf by Aspergillus oryzae (FSCL). Those contents of mixture with higher ratio of FSCL were proportionally high. And OD475 of mixture with higher ratio of FSCL was almost proportionally high ($R^2=0.9850$). Antioxidant capacities of EDA and FRAP of the mixture was higher than that of non-mixture. In addition, XO inhibitory activity ($IC_{50}$) of A (1.19) was 59.80% higher than that of F (2.96), and the activity of mixture by the higher ratio of FSCL was proportionally low ($R^2=0.9490$). Taste acceptability of A was slightly higher than that of F, whereas that of C was highest. And color acceptability of 40-80% mixture was higher than those of A, F, and B. Overall acceptability of C and D was highest than those of others. Moreover, hot water extract of S. china L. leaf fermented with A. oryzae was maroon color, which looks like Puerh tea style, and mixture of S. china L. root extract added with hot water extract of S. china L. leaf was high acceptability of beverage. These results suggest that mixture of extract of S. china L. root and hot water extract of S. china L. leaf fermented with A. oryzae could improve antioxidant activities.