• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제24권7호
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• pp.161-168
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to analyze the mediating effects of anger level on the effects of middle school students' school adjustment on smartphone addiction. In order to accomplish the purpose of this study, the following research problems were set up. First, what is the relationship between Chinese smartphone addiction, anger level, and school adjustment of Chinese middle school students? Second, what is the effect of smartphone addiction on middle school students' anger level and school adjustment? Third, what is the mediating effect of the level of anger in the process of affecting the school adjustment to smartphone addiction by Chinese middle school students? The subjects of this study were five city schools and seven municipal schools in J-do, among which 450 students were enrolled from April 23 to May 18, 2018. A total of 439 copies were used for the analysis, except for 11 unexplained questionnaires or unfairly responded to the collected questionnaires. The conclusions based on the results of this study are as follows. First, there are negative correlations between the sub-factors of smartphone addiction and the sub-factors of school adjustment. Among them, tolerance is only positively correlated with the peer relationship. The sub-factors of smartphone addiction have negatively correlated with anger expression, anger control, and anger suppression. Second, the effect of sub-factors of smartphone addiction on the level of anger was 3.6%, and the effect on school adjustment was 4.2%. Third, The anger level of the middle school students affected the school adjustment by the smartphone addiction has a partial mediating effect of 0.8%.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.289-300
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• 2017

This study was performed to investigate the effects of academic stress and academic burnout on smartphone addiction in junior high school students. A survey was conducted using a convenient sample drawn from 306 students at six junior high schools in Seoul. Data were analyzed using the SPSS 23.0 program. The results show that 21.6% of students were at risk of smartphone addiction. The high risk of smartphone addiction group used smartphone longer during weekdays and weekends. In addition, the high level of academic stress and academic burnout groups showed higher smartphone addiction scores compared to the lower level of academic stress and academic burnout groups. Smartphone addiction was positively correlated with academic stress and academic burnout. Furthermore, the results show that academic achievement and attending class, academic stress and disengagement, and academic burnout affected smartphone addiction. Therefore, to prevent smartphone addiction in adolescents, academic stress should be reduced in adolescents as well as develop educational programs to help students release or control their academic stress.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.326-336
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• 2017

본 연구는 일부 대학생의 스트레스, 자아요인 및 정서요인과 스마트폰중독정도 간의 관련성을 파악하고 스마트폰중독정도에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 조사대상은 J시 2개 대학에서 선정된 261명으로 하였으며, 자료수집은 2016년 12월 16일부터 12월 23일까지 자기기입식 설문지를 통해 이루어졌다. 다중회귀분석 결과, 스마트폰중독정도에 52%의 설명력으로 영향을 미치는 요인은 신체활동변화, 수면장애, 자아요인의 자기통제력, 정서요인의 충동으로 나타났다. 공분산 구조분석 결과, 스트레스, 자아요인 및 정서요인과 스마트폰중독정도의 인과관계가 확인되었다. 연구결과를 볼 때, 대학생의 스마트폰중독정도를 줄이기 위해서는 스트레스, 자아요인 및 정서요인을 관리하는 노력이 필요하다. 이러한 결과는 스마트폰중독정도를 낮추는 프로그램 및 정책 개발에 활용이 기대된다. 향후 연구에서는 스마트폰중독에 영향을 미치는 추가요인에 대한 구조모형 조사가 필요하다.

• International Journal of Contents
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.31-37
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• 2015

The objectives of this study were: 1) to determine smartphone addiction, visual display terminal syndrome (VDTS) related symptoms, and state anxiety among adolescents, and 2) to identify the relationship among these variables. Data were collected via selfadministrated questionnaire survey from May to June, 2013. The survey was carried out with 540 voluntary participants at 13 to 24 years old from middle schools, high schools, and universities in Korea. The presence and severity of smartphone addiction, VDTS symptoms, and state anxiety were measured using Korean Smartphone Addiction Proneness Scale, VDTS Questionnaire, and State Anxiety Inventory, respectively. Data were analyzed by Cohen’s Kappa coefficient, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Mann-Whitney U test. The mean score of smartphone addiction for all students was 2.17 ± 0.51. The mean scores of smartphone addiction depending on school grade were 2.12 ± 0.53, 2.03 ± 0.48, and 2.42 ± 0.43 for middle school, high school, and college students, respectively. Subjects who experienced minor level of VDTS symptoms had a score of 0.49 ± 0.49 for VDTS symptoms. The score was increased when the level of addiction was higher. There were significant differences in VDTS subjective symptoms among smartphone addiction groups (p<.001). High-risk group of smartphone addiction had the highest scores in every subdomain of VDTS symptoms. Differences were also found in state anxiety among the three groups with smartphone addiction. The findings of this study showed that approximately one out of three adolescents might be classified into problematic smartphone users. Therefore, it is important to educate problematic smartphone users about smartphone addiction and VDTS symptoms to prevent further addiction and aggravation of anxiety.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.413-421
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• 2019

본 연구는 대학 기숙사생의 우울과 스마트폰 중독과의 관계에서 대인관계 문제의 매개효과에 대해 연구하였다. 이를 위하여 K시 소재 대학생 중 기숙사에 거주하는 학생들을 대상으로 설문을 실시하였다. 최종 1,016명의 자료를 분석에 사용하였으며 상관분석과 회귀분석 그리고 Sobel test를 실시하였다. 연구 결과, 우울, 대인관계 문제, 스마트폰 중독은 유의한 상관관계가 있었고 우울이 스마트폰 중독에 직접적인 영향을 주었다. 즉, 우울의 수준이 높을수록 기숙사 학생의 스마트폰 중독 정도를 높였다. 대인관계 문제는 우울과 스마트폰 중독 사이에서 부분적으로 매개효과를 보였다. 따라서 기숙사 대학생의 스마트폰 중독 정도를 줄이기 위해서는 우울과 스마트폰 중독 정도를 낮출 수 있는 전략으로 대인관계 문제를 다룰 수 있는 프로그램이나 상담이 필요할 것으로 보인다. 본 연구결과의 활용과 향후 연구에 대해 논의하였다.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.411-423
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• 2018

Purpose: This study was to form a healthy smartphone culture and serve as basic materials for developing smartphone addiction intervention program by understanding mental health and physical health of college students caused by smartphone addiction. Methods: The data collected from 261 college students at G and S city universities who understood the purpose of this study and consented to take part in the study were analyzed on mean, standard deviation, frequency, Chi square test and t-test using SPSS 20.0. Results: The result showed that the level of smartphone addiction was significantly different according to gender, age, type of college, satisfaction with college life and satisfaction with family life. The smartphone addiction risk group showed higher score in life stress, depression, social avoidance and distress than the general user group and the physical health was also higher in the risk group than the general user group. Conclusion: It is necessary to develop and apply customized intervention plan per each person's characteristics and level of addiction to prevent addiction and improve health condition from overuse of smartphone.

• Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.106-141
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• 2021

This study was conducted for the purpose of empirically analyzing the effects of adolescents' relationships with major adults as protective factors for smartphone addiction. Specifically, the study compared the discriminatory effects of adolescents' relationships with their parents, school teachers, and educational institute teachers on smartphone addiction among elementary, middle, and high school students in Korea. Analyzing the data of the 2019 Korean Children & Youth Happiness Index (N=7,454), it was found that relationships with adults were significant factors in explaining the level of smartphone addiction even after controlling for the influences of adolescents' demographics, usage time, and friendship factors. For elementary school students, good relationships with their mothers and school teachers decreased the risk of smartphone addiction. On the other hand, in the case of middle school students, only a good relationship with father functioned as a protective factor. Good relationships with their fathers and institute teachers decreased the level of high school students' smartphone addiction. Based on these findings, this study discussed on the development of programs and policies for prevention and intervention of adolescents' smartphone addiction and provided suggestions for follow-up research in the future.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.391-400
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• 2019

본 연구는 간호대학생의 생활스트레스와 스마트폰 중독 관련성을 살펴보고자 실시하였다. 연구대상자는 일부 지역 간호대학생을 대상으로 하였고, 자료수집기간은 2018년 11월부터 12월까지이며, 분석대상은 240명 이었다. 자료 분석은 일반적 특성에 따른 스마트폰 중독수준, 스트레스 특성의 차이를 알아보기 위하여 빈도, 백분율, t-test, ${\chi}^2$-test, ANOVA분석을 하였고, 스마트폰 중독과 스트레스 특성과의 상관관계는 Pearson's correlation을 이용하였으며, 스마트폰 중독에 미치는 영향 요인을 위계적 다중회귀분석(Hierarchical multiple regression)으로 하였다. 그 결과 스마트폰 중독에 영향을 미치는 요인은 모델 1의 독립변수 설명력은 14.8%이었으며, 모델 2의 설명력은 32.7%이었다. 일반적 특성에 따른 스마트폰 중독 수준의 차이에서는 성별에서 여학생이 남학생보다 스마트폰 중독 수준이 높았으며, 대학생활에 만족하지 않는 군, 스마트폰 사용시간이 5시간 이상인 군, SNS 사용시간이 많은 군에서 스마트폰 중독 수준이 높았다. 또한 스트레스 특성과의 차이에서는 여학생이 스트레스 특성의 평균이 높았으며, 대학생활에 만족하지 않는군, 스마트폰 사용시간이 많은 군, 스마트폰 중독 위험군이 높았다. 결론적으로, 간호대학생의 스마트폰 중독에 여학생, 스마트폰 사용시간, SNS 사용시간, 학업스트레스, 가치관스트레스가 중요한 영향요인으로 나타났다. 따라서 간호 대학생의 스트레스 관리 프로그램을 강화하여 스트레스 관리를 위한 다각적인 지원이 필요하다고 하겠다.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.65-81
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• 2015

Objectives: This descriptive study was aimed to investigate the related factors of smartphone addiction among preschool children. Methods: The subject of study was 186 smartphone using mothers with children between 3 to 6 years old in Busan. Data were collected with self-administered questionnaires from July to November, 2013 at nurseries, preschools, and cultural center. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t test, ANOVA, and stepwise multiple regression. Results: 79.6% of children have ever used smartphone and mean smartphone addiction of them were 26.77 based on 60 points. The related factors of smartphone addiction among children were the children's smartphone usage time per day (less than 0.5 hours vs 0.5-0.9 hours (p=0.004), less than 0.5 hours vs more than 1.0 hours (p<0.001), mother's smartphone addiction (p<0.001), and perceived mother's permission level compared to other children's mothers (p=0.004), which 3 factors explained 39% of variance of smartphone addiction of children. Conclusions: Considering the related factors of smartphone addiction among preschool children, mothers should recognize the importance of the their use smartphone and attitude toward smartphone use of children, and take measure to limit children's excessive use of smartphone.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.55-61
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• 2017

Background: Smartphone addiction, academic stress and anxiety of university students are increasing gradually; however, few studies have investigated these factors in medical school students. Therefore, this study investigated associations between smartphone addiction scale and sociopsychological aspects in medical school students. Methods: A total of 231 Yeungnam University College of Medicine students were enrolled in this study in March 2017. Gender, school grade, type of residence, and smartphone usage patterns of the students were surveyed. The Korean Smartphone Addiction Proneness Scale and each Korean version scale were used to assess sociopsychological aspects such as loneliness, stress and anxiety. Results: There was a direct statistical correlation between loneliness, stress of negative perception, anxiety and smartphone addiction scales. There was also a negative statistical correlation between stress of positive perception and smartphone addiction scales. There was a higher level of anxiety among female students than male students. Additionally, there was a higher level of stress associated with negative perception and anxiety among medical students in the first grade than other students. Moreover there was a higher level of loneliness, stress of negative perception and anxiety among students who live with friends than students who live with their own family. Conclusion: Smartphone addiction scale and sociopsychological aspects significantly correlated. Moreover, the results suggest that female medical students in the first grade who have been separated from their family need more attention and management of loneliness, stress and anxiety to avoid smartphone addiction.