• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.110-122
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• 2023

Over the last few decades, various innovative technologies have emerged that have significantly contributed to making life easier for humans. Various information and communication technologies (ITCs) have emerged as a result of the global technological revolution, including big data, IoT, 4G and 5G networks, cloud computing, mobile computing, and artificial intelligence. These technologies have been adopted in urban planning and development, which gave rise to the concept of smart cities in the 1990s. A smart city is a type of city that uses ITCs to exchange and share information to enhance the quality of services for its citizens. With the global population increasing at unprecedented levels, cities are overwhelmed with a myriad of challenges, such as the energy crisis, environmental pollution, sanitation and sewage challenges, and water quality issues, and therefore, have become a convergence point of economic, social, and environmental risks. The concept of a smart city is a multidisciplinary, unified approach that has been adopted by governments and municipalities worldwide to overcome these challenges. Though challenging, this transformation is essential for cities with differing technological and social features, which all have the potential to determine the success or failure of the digital transformation of cities into smart cities. In recent years, researchers, businesses, and the government have all turned their attention to the emerging field of smart cities. Accordingly, this paper aims to represent a thorough understanding of the movement toward smart cities. The key themes identified are smart city definitions and concepts, smart city dimensions, and smart city architecture of different layers. Furthermore, this article discusses the challenges and some examples of smart cities.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.26 no.12
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• pp.1908-1918
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• 2022

Recently, ASEAN is not only a new production base but also a consumer market for Korea, and interest in the utilization of production networks in each region is increasing. In particular, urbanization in ASEAN countries is progressing at a relatively fast pace. Each country is promoting smart city projects combined with ICT to improve outdated basic infrastructure facilities such as housing, transportation, logistics, crime prevention, and disaster prevention. The purpose of this study is to develop a web-based smart city export HUB platform so that companies with excellent domestic smart city solutions can participate in smart city construction through networks with ASEAN countries. These platforms can secure the demand for smart city construction in ASEAN countries, and through the establishment of the Korea-ASEAN public-private network, smart cities planned in ASEAN countries can be promoted more innovative. In addition, it is expected to be positioned as a Global smart city platform model by applying to real cities through collaboration with excellent domestic companies.

• The Journal of Economics, Marketing and Management
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.17-26
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• 2022

Purpose: This study analyzes advanced cases of overseas smart cities and examines policy implications related to the creation of smart cities in Korea. Research design, data, and methodology: Analysis standards were established through the analysis of best practices. Analysis criteria include Technology, Privacy, Security, and Governance. Results: In terms of technology, U-City construction experience and communication infrastructure are strengths. Korea's ICT technology is inferior to major countries. On the other hand, mobile communication, IoT, Internet, and public data are at the highest level. The privacy section created six principles: legality, purpose limitation, transparency, safety, control, and accountability. Security issues enable urban crime, disaster and catastrophe prediction and security through the establishment of an integrated platform. Governance issues are handled by the Smart Special Committee, which serves as policy advisory to the central government for legal system, standardization, and external cooperation in the district. Conclusions: Private technology improvement and participation are necessary for privacy and urban security. Citizens should participate in smart city governance.

• Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.67-82
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to analyze the issues and perceptions of smart cities. First, based on the big data analysis platform, big data analysis on smart cities were conducted to derive keywords by year, word cloud, and frequency of generation of smart city keywords by time. Second, trend and flow by area were analyzed by reclassifying major keywords by year based on meta-keywords. Third, emotional recognition flow for smart cities and major emotional keywords were derived. While U-City in the past is mostly centered on creating infrastructure for new towns, recent smart cities are focusing on sustainable urban construction led by citizens, according to the analysis. In addition, it was analyzed that while infrastructure, service, and technology were emphasized in the past, management and methodology were emphasized recently, and positive perception of smart cities was growing. The study could be used as basic data for the past, present and future of smart cities in Korea at a time when smart city services are being built across the country.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.79-101
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• 2021

The purpose of this research is to define detailed technologies of smart city based on excellent patents through patent analysis related to major technologies of smart city, and to use quantitative indicators to classify relatively high technology importance and identify related technologies. To achieve the purpose of the study, patent collection is conducted by reflecting literature research and expert opinions based on information related to the smart city Internet of Things/Internet of Things communication core technology. Also, DEA were used to determine the relatively high technology. The inputs and outputs used in the study used quantitative indicators to determine technical value and made up of impact assessment, performance assessment and value assessment. As a result of the analysis, various technology groups were classified into smart city-related platform technologies, information sharing technologies, and network-related technologies, and based on the results of this research, it is expected that it will be able to apply technology patents related to smart cities to research and development strategies through key detailed technologies by major technologies of Smart City.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2021.10a
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• pp.161-163
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• 2021

This urban centralization is expected to develop rapidly, with 75% of the population living in the city by 2035. Large cities are becoming unsustainable due to side effects such as environmental pollution, severe traffic jams, excessive energy depletion, and destruction of the natural ecosystem. In addition, the happiness index of citizens of large cities is also falling because of high crime rates and safety accidents, the work-life imbalance caused by inequality and polarization, and overly competitive education. To solve this problem, Smart City, an IT-based future city model, was born. The Korean government is also actively attempting to improve urban competitiveness and promote sustainable development through efficient construction and operation of smart cities as a national focus project. To support the effort, we review the basic directions and strategies of Sejong City's Smart City service infrastructure based on the comprehensive national land plan, Smart City plan, and Smart City strategy plan.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.333-341
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• 2018

Recently, there has been a growing interest in user-centered smart city services. This study examines the spatial information type to derive a smart city service scenario through space - based communication and aims to establish a direction for user - centered experience factor scenario. The results of this study are meaningful for presenting basic data to suggest a space scenario where citizens can experience smart city as walking map and experience route applicable to future smart city test bed. In particular, we simulated the walking scenarios in the smart city test bed through Walking Map, which is tested the service direction based on user requirements. Through this study, we confirmed that smart city service through existing infrastructure can be used multipurpose. The spatial information and the experience factor linkage model and the walking map through the persona model presented in this study can be utilized as a preliminary scenario applicable to the future smart city test bed.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.169-177
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• 2019

The city is experiencing various problems such as traffic congestion, environmental pollution, urban crime, and faces the limit of growth. Recently, various attempts to build a Smart City have been spreading around the world, in order to solve these problems. Smart City is attracting attention as the core platform of the future city with the $4^{th}$ industrial revolution. However, various definitions of smart city are mixed, and the methods and strategies for implementing smart city are changing or evolving due to the development of technology and the experience during that time. This study summarizes the definition of various smart city through literature review and suggests smart city building strategy that enables sustainable growth of cities as a platform of the $4^{th}$ industrial revolution era.

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.7-23
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• 2019

Smart cities are expanding their spatial scope to urban areas and regions. Linking regional economic development strategies beyond the borders with smart city planning can lead to cooperation and economic development between regions and countries as well. The purpose of this study is to suggest cooperation and regional development of the three nations - Korea, North Korea and China - through the Yellow Sea Rim Smart Region. To this end, smart city strategies and economic development plan with implementation status in the three countries including special economic zones have analyzed that could be the spatial basis of the smart region. On the west coast of Korea facing the Yellow Sea, lots of projects related to smart cities are actively underway in Saemangeum, Yellow Sea Free Economic Zone(YESFEZ), and Incheon Free Economic Zone(IFEZ). Although the political situation is still uncertain, North Korea is analyzed to have economic and technical potential in the west coast connecting Haeju, Nampo, and Sinuiju. In Liaoning and Shandong provinces of China, smart city projects have been actively promoted in recent years especially in the state-supporting industrial cities. Restoration of economic cooperation between South Korea and China, linkage of transportation networks, vitalization of cross-border cooperation projects between China and North Korea centered on Dandong and Sinuiju, and the connecting of smart city infrastructure and services for China and South Korea's economic cooperation process will make the Yellow Sea Rim as a world prosperous economic region. However, it is necessary to establish and operate a governance system through long-term planning for transnational consultation and establishment of a promotion organization.

• Journal of Smart Tourism
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.7-18
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• 2024

This study examines Natal in Brazil as a Smart Tourism Destination (STD) based on the perception of public and private managers who are members of the City Tourism Council. The research utilizes a systemic perspective of STD proposed by Ivars-Baidal et al. (2016), consisting of three interconnected levels: Strategic-Relational, Instrumental, and Applied. The findings reveal that Natal faces challenges in terms of infrastructure, accessibility, security, connectivity, and sensoring, which hinder its progress as STD. The study also identifies opportunities in the form of governance structures with smart destinations and the inclusion of smartness guidelines in the City Master Plan. The research aims to contribute to the theoretical understanding of STD and its application in destination development. It highlights the need for innovative planning and management in Natal, emphasizing that adopting the STD from a systemic perspective can enhance competitiveness and elevate the level of smartness in the destination.