• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.177-186
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• 2017

This paper attempts to quantitatively assess the public value that has been assigned to this government plan by employing a contingent valuation technique. Data gathering performed that professional research firm administrated a face-to-face national survey of 1,000 randomly-selected households. A one-and-one-half-bound model was adopted to elicit willingness to pay (WTP) responses, and the payment vehicle used was income tax. The WTP model used in this study is based on a utility difference approach and the spike model. The results showed that the public value of conserving green turtles was estimated to be 2,570 Korean Won per household over the next 10 years as of 2016, statistically significant at the 1% level. Expanding the values considered to include the national population gives a public value of 48.7 billion Korean Won. Thus, the public value of rescuing, rehabilitating, and releasing green turtles that have been caught by fishermen, collided with fishing boats, and died in nets through the government program is not small.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.17 no.11
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• pp.1593-1595
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• 2007

In the study of investigate the expression and effects of adrenomedullin (AM) in the tissue injured by ethanol in our laboratory, there were lymphosarcomas involving mesenteric lymph node and intestine discovered in experimental mice. Lymphosarcoma is probably the second most common spontaneous neoplastic disease, the incidence of which is dependent on the strain of mouse. The diagnosis of lymphosarcoma was based on gross and light microscopic studies. Crossly, the excised intestine and mesentery showed soft-to-firm, cream-colored, displayed protuberance into the lumen. The neoplastic cells had mainly infiltrated into the mucosal and mesenteric lymph node, and have round hyperchromatic nuclei and a small amount of cytoplasm. The origin of these tumor cells was determined by immunohistochemistry positive of CD20, CD3 and Vimentin.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.578-582
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• 2009

Purpose: In extensive deep burn of the lower limb, due to less amount of soft tissue, bone is easily exposed. When it happens, natural healing or reconstruction with skin graft only is not easy. Local flap is difficult to success, because adjacent skins are burnt or skin grafted tissues. Muscle flap or free flap are also limited and has high failure rate due to deep tissue damage. The authors acquired good outcome by performing one - stage operation on bone exposed soft tissue defect with AlloDerm$^{(R)}$(LifeCell, USA), an acellular dermal matrix producted from cadaveric skin. Methods: We studied 14 bone exposed soft tissue defect patients from March 2002 to March 2009. Average age, sex, cause of burn, location of wound, duration of admission period, and postoperative complications were studied. We removed bony cortex with burring, until conforming pinpoint bone bleeding. Then rehydrated AlloDerm$^{(R)}$(25 / 1000 inches, meshed type) was applicated on wound, and thin split thickness(6 ~ 8 / 1000 inches) skin graft was done at the immediately same operative time. Results: Average age of patients was 53.6 years(25 years ~ 80 years, SD = 16.8), and 13 patients were male(male : female = 13 : 1). Flame burn was the largest number. (Flame burn 6, electric burn 3, contact burn 4, and scalding burn 1). Tibia(8) was the most affected site. (tibia 8, toe 4, malleolus 1, and metatarsal bone 1). Thin STSC with AlloDerm$^{(R)}$ took without additional surgery in 12 of 14 patients. Partial graft loss was shown on four cases. Two cases were small in size under $1{\times}1cm$, easily healed with simple dressing, and other two cases needed additional surgery. But in case of additional surgery, granulation tissue has easily formed, and simple patch graft on AlloDerm$^{(R)}$ was enough. Average duration of admission period of patients without additional surgery was 15 days(13 ~ 19 days). Conclusion: AlloDerm$^{(R)}$ and thin split thickness skin graft give us an advantage in short surgery time and less limitations in donor site than flap surgery. Postoperative scar is less than in conventional skin graft because of more firm restoration of dermal structure with AlloDerm$^{(R)}$. We propose that AlloDerm$^{(R)}$ and thin split thickness skin graft could be a solution to bone exposured soft tissue defects in extensive deep burned patients on lower extremities, especially when adjacent tissue cannot be used for flap due to extensive burn.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.508-510
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• 2015

A 7-year-old castrated male Boston terrier dog was referred due to dyspnea and unilateral cervical mass. On physical examination, mass on left submandibular region was palpated. CT findings revealed this case could be the tumor originated from left lingual vein. The client refused further treatment and the patient expired because of respiratory failure 10 days after presentation. On necropsy, a well-defined firm mass which located in the left side of larynx was detected. Histopathological findings for the mass indicated polygonal tumor cells arranged in nest and separated by fibrovascular septa. We performed immunohistochemisry to evaluate of chromogranin A and tumor cells showed positive immunoreactivity for chromogranin A. Based on computed tomography (CT), histopathological and immunohistochemical findings, this case was definitely diagnosed to paraganglioma of the body on the lingual vein. This report describes the clinical findings, CT imaging characteristics, histopathologic and immunohistochemical features of paraganglioma arised from lingual vein in a dog.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• no.39
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• pp.365-393
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• 2008

This research examnied the roles, the strategies and the influence of labor unions on the pension reform. In Italia labor unions were important actors in pension reform politics during 1990s, but in 2004 labor union was excluded from the pension reform. This difference is not only related with diffusion of the leftist party but also the experience of pension benefit retrenchment of the pension reform in 1995 in which labor unions had initiatives. Labor unions choose their strategies, social dialogue or mass struggle, depending on the attitudes of government. After change of government following the failure of the pension reform in 1994 Italian government tried social dialogue. In Dini reform in 1995, laborunions had initiative in making pension reform plan. Labor unions obtained member's approval using membership vote. It had repressed opposition from militant sectors effectively. However Labor unions concentrated on the issues of transition measures and protecting vested rights in seniority pension ignoring problems of contribution evasion of small-firm workers and benefit adequacy of young workers. Even when labor unions leaded social concertation processes and pursued union democracy, labor unions' influences on the pension reform had fundamental limitations.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.10
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• pp.76-91
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• 2019

There have been many studies to examine the patterns in innovations reflecting industry-specific characteristics from an evolutionary economics perspective. The purpose of this study is to identify industry-specific differences in product innovation patterns and determinants of innovation performance. For this, Korean manufacturing is classified into high-tech industries and low-tech industries according to technology intensity. It is also pointed out that existing research does not reflect the decision-making process of firms' R&D implementations. In order to solve this problem, this study presents a Heckman sample selection model and a double-hurdle model as alternatives, and analyzes data from 1,637 firms in the 2014 Survey on Technology of SMEs. As a result, it was confirmed that the determinants and patterns of manufacturing in small and medium-size enterprise (SME) product innovation are significantly different between high-tech and low-tech industries. Also, through an extended empirical model, we found that there exist a sample selection bias and a hurdle-like threshold in the decision-making process. In this study, the industry-specific features and patterns of product innovation are examined from a multi-sided perspective, and it is meaningful that the decision-making process for manufacturing SMEs' R&D performance can be better understood.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.225-239
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• 2019

In order for a company to grow through technological innovation, technological innovation capacity to support technological innovation is more important than anything else. In addition, the technology commercialization process can not be ignored in order to lead to the improvement of the business performance. In this context, this study analyzed the impact of firm's technological innovation capacity on business performance and tried to analyze whether technological innovation capacity has a moderating effect on technological innovation capacity. To analyze the purpose of this study, we collect data through questionnaires of small and medium venture companies located in the southeast region of korea. The results of multiple regression analysis based on 132 collected company survey data are summarized as follows. First, Technology innovation capacity has a positive effect on business performance. Specifically, companies with well-equipped R&D capabilities, technology accumulation capabilities, and technology innovation systems showed higher business performance(market competitiveness, business growth potential, and business profitability). Second, technology commercialization capacity has a positive effect on the effect of technological innovation capacity on business performance. This result implies that a company with a good technical commercialization capability increases the positive influence of technological innovation capacity on business performance. The results of this study suggest that it is important to systematically manage the technology commercialization capacity in order to generate business performance through technological innovation.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.499-520
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• 2020

Input ratio of electricity to other production inputs in the Korean manufacturing sector has been higher than for the other OECD countries. In addition, electricity prices in Korea has been relatively lower than the average of OECD countries. Moreover, electricity sector is responsible for most CO2 emissions in Korea as coal and natural gas account 41.9% and 26.8% of electricity production as of 2018. Therefore, it looks inevitable to raise the electricity tariff for the manufacturing sector in Korea, but there is a concern that increase in the electricity tariff might affect small and medium enterprises (SMEs) more than large firms. This study estimates electricity demand's price and output elasticities for large firms and SMEs in steel industry by employing a time varying parameter model (Kalman filter). The analysis shows that changes in output levels regardless of firms' size affect electricity demands more significantly than do changes in electricity prices. Second, large firms have higher variances for both price and output elasticities of electricity demand. Third, large firms have higher price elasticity but lower output elasticity of electricity demand relative to SMEs. Policy implications are suggested in association with how to reduce electricity demands in the energy-intensive industry.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.283-290
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• 2021

Survival analysis was used to determine whether there are differences in the impact of trade payables on business failure according to the size of the company. A total of 41,781 firms from 1999 to 2019 were analyzed. The analysis period was divided into the entire period and before and after the financial crisis. The trade payable ratio is a proxy variable. The increase in trade payables over the entire period increases the possibility of business failure of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). However, in large firms, a significant relationship between the increase in the trade payable ratio and the possibility of corporate failure could not be confirmed. Second, in SMEs during the sub-periods of 1999-2007 and 2009-2019, it was found that an increase in trade payables acts as a factor that increases the possibility of corporate failure. However, in large corporations, the increase in trade payables in the period from 2009 to 2019 has been shown to reduce the rate of failure. An increase in trade payables is recognized as the active development of business activities or the active use of interest-free debt. Therefore, it was confirmed that the impact of trade payables on corporate failure differs depending on the size of the company.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.248-258
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• 2021

The study analyzed the financial determinants of corporate R&D intensity that require more attention from academics and practitioners in the Korean capital market. Domestic small and medium enterprises (SMEs) may face with developing substitutes by making more R&D investments in scale and scope, given the unprecedented economic conditions such as the limitation of importing core components and materials from other nation(s). KOSDAQ-listed SMEs were selected as sample data, whose R&D expenditures may be less than those of large firms during the post-global financial turmoil period (2010~2018). Static panel data model was applied, along with Tobit and stepwise regression models, for examining the validity of results. Logit, probit, and complementary log-log regressions were also employed for a relative analysis. R&D expenditures in the prior year, the interaction effect between the previous R&D intensity and high-tech sector, firm size, and growth rate were significant to determine R&D intensity. Moreover, a majority of explanatory variables were found to change between the years 2011 and 2018, while time-lagged effects between the R&D intensity and growth rate exist. Results of the study are expected to be used for future research to detect optimal levels of R&D expenditures for the value maximization of SMEs.