Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회논문지)

The Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회)
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Further Empirical Analysis on Corporate R&D Intensity for KOSDAQ Listed SMEs in the Era of the Post Global Economic Crisis

국제금융위기 이후의 코스닥 상장 중소기업들의 연구개발비에 대한 실증적 심층분석

  • Kim, Hanjoon (Division of Business Administration, Hoseo University)
  • 김한준 (호서대학교 경영대학 경영학부)
  • Received : 2020.10.15
  • Accepted : 2021.02.05
  • Published : 2021.02.28
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Abstract

The study analyzed the financial determinants of corporate R&D intensity that require more attention from academics and practitioners in the Korean capital market. Domestic small and medium enterprises (SMEs) may face with developing substitutes by making more R&D investments in scale and scope, given the unprecedented economic conditions such as the limitation of importing core components and materials from other nation(s). KOSDAQ-listed SMEs were selected as sample data, whose R&D expenditures may be less than those of large firms during the post-global financial turmoil period (2010~2018). Static panel data model was applied, along with Tobit and stepwise regression models, for examining the validity of results. Logit, probit, and complementary log-log regressions were also employed for a relative analysis. R&D expenditures in the prior year, the interaction effect between the previous R&D intensity and high-tech sector, firm size, and growth rate were significant to determine R&D intensity. Moreover, a majority of explanatory variables were found to change between the years 2011 and 2018, while time-lagged effects between the R&D intensity and growth rate exist. Results of the study are expected to be used for future research to detect optimal levels of R&D expenditures for the value maximization of SMEs.

본 논문은 국내 자본시장에서 이론적 그리고 실무적인 측면에서 추가적 연구가 필요하다고 판단되는 기업의 연구개발비 비중에 대한 재무적 결정요인에 대한 분석이다. 최근 국내에 수입되는 핵심 부품 및 재료 등에 대한 다른 국가(들)의 전례없는 제한과 관련된 경제 상황을 감안하여, 국내 중소기업들도 규모와 범위의 측면에서 적극적인 연구개발비 투자를 통한 대체재 개발문제에 당면하고 있다고 판단된다. 연구개발비 투자가 대기업들과 비교하여 상대적으로 미약하다고 판단되는 코스닥 상장 중소기업들을 표본자료로 선정하였고, 연구기간은 국제금융위기 이후의 기간 (2010넌~2018년)으로 설정되었다. 패널자료모형이 활용되었고, 토빗모형과 단계적회귀분석모형도 응용되었다. 상대적인 분석으로서 로짓, 프로빗, 보충적 로그-로그모형 등이 활용되었다. 전년도 연구개발비 지출 변수, 그리고 동 변수와 고부가가치 산업 간의 교호작용, 기업 규모 그리고 성장성 등이 연구개발비 비중에 유의미한 영향을 주었다. 전체 설명변수들 중, 대다수의 변수들이 비교 연도들 (즉, 2011년과 2018년)간에 유의미한 차이를 나타내었고, 표본기업들의 연구개발비 투자가 매출액 변화로 실현되기 위한 시간적 차이가 통계적으로 존재함이 판명되었다. 본 연구의 결과들이 향후 국내 중소기업들의 기업가치 극대화를 위한 최적의 연구개발비 수준에 대한 분석에서도 유익하게 활용될 수 있기를 기대한다.

Keywords

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