• Title/Summary/Keyword: Small and Medium -Sized Cities

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An Investigation of Brand Communication in Small and Medium-sized Cities in China Based on Grounded Theory

  • QunQing Zhang;XueHua Jin
    • International journal of advanced smart convergence
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    • v.13 no.1
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    • pp.162-179
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    • 2024
  • With the acceleration of China's urbanization process, the economic development and market potential of small and medium-sized cities have been constantly enhanced, with the urbanization competition having been caught in the vortex of homogenization. However, small and medium-sized cities are exposed to limited resources and funds, and therefore need to be more flexible and innovative in the strategy implementation, while urban brand communication is one of the key factors to promote the competitiveness of cities. Taking the small and medium-sized cities in China as the research objects, this study, based on the domestic and foreign theories about the brand communication of small and medium-sized cities, as well as other city-related theories, analyzes textual materials about the current situation and new changes in brand communication of small and medium-sized cities with grounded theory, reflecting on the problems in brand communication in China's small and medium-sized cities. Combining the basic elements of urban brand communication, a model for constructing brand communication strategies for small and medium-sized cities is further proposed, so as to provide the differentiated and distinctive strategies for the construction and communication of urban brands in small and medium-sized cities in China, as well as provide a new perspective and strategy on how to enhance the competitiveness and contribute to the sustainable economic development of small and medium-sized.

City Shrinking Simulation followed by a Decrease of Population Trend in Small and Medium-Sized Local Cities (지방 중소도시의 인구감소추세에 따른 도시 축소 시뮬레이션)

  • Lee, Da-Geon;Yoon, Cheol-Jae
    • Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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    • v.35 no.4
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    • pp.127-134
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    • 2019
  • Recently, the city development policies are being switched to the policies focusing on recession worldwide. Even though South Korea is also facing the phenomena that small and medium-sized cities are downsized because of a decrease in population and an aging society problem, there is lack of solutions and even they are still planning city development policies based on prospect of high growth. This study is featuring 4 viewpoints depending on shrinking population trend in 7 small and medium sized local cities, which are chosen as downsized cities. It is dealing with population peak, current population, 2030 population, and 2040 population viewpoints. And this study uses downsizing simulation that suggests optimum area that fits population and then shows visual check of the status of the small and medium sized local cities. The area of the small and medium sized local cities are expanded more than needs when they are on population peak point. However, they need only 20% to 25% of current area in 2030 and 2040. The most important thing is realizing the seriousness and facing up to the 'shrinking' phenomena that each small and medium-sized cities suffer. Therefore, this study has significance for presenting the status of small and medium-sized cities' problems in South Korea.

Analysis of Functional Autocorrelation and Development of Functional Econometric Model through Urban Interactions - Focusing on Economic Growth of Small and Medium Sized Cities - (도시 상호작용에 따른 기능적 자기상관분석 및 기능계량경제모형 개발 - 중소도시의 경제성장을 중심으로 -)

  • Kim, Dohyeong;Woo, Myungje
    • Journal of Korea Planning Association
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    • v.54 no.3
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    • pp.63-74
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    • 2019
  • Korean government has implemented policies to strengthen the competitiveness of small and medium sized cities. However, since it is often difficult to enhance the competitiveness through individual projects, many local governments in metropolitan areas are working together to pursue local growth. On the other hand, small and medium sized cities that are not included in metropolitan areas due to their spatial limitations have difficulties in implementing effective growth policies. Given this background, the purpose of this study is to identify the functional correlation based on urban interactions and develop functional econometric model for the economic growth of small and medium sized cities. This study uses spatial econometrics models and functional weight matrix to identify the effects of functional networks on small and medium sized cities. The results show the effect of functional networks on the growth of small and medium sized cities and provide policy implications for regional spatial planning that addresses effective management of small and medium sized cities.

A study on the identification of hub cities and delineation of their catchment areas based on regional interactions (지역 거점도시 식별 및 상호작용에 따른 영향권역 설정에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Dohyeong;Woo, Myungje
    • Journal of Korea Planning Association
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    • v.53 no.7
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    • pp.5-22
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    • 2018
  • While the competitiveness of small and medium sized cities has become important for balanced development at the national scale, they have experienced continuous decline in population and employment, particularly those in non-capital regions. In addition, some of small and medium sized cities have been classified into shrinking cities that have declined due to their long-term structural reasons. To address these issues, a regional approach, by which a hub city and its surrounding small and medium sized cities can collaborate has been suggested. Given this background, the purpose of this study is to identify and delineate hub cities and their impact areas by using travel data as a functional network index. This study uses a centrality index to identify the hub cities of small and medium sized cities and Markov-chain model and cluster analysis to delineate regional boundaries. The mean first passage time (MFPT) generated from the Markov-chain model can be interpreted as functional distance of each region. The study suggests a methodological approach delineating the boundaries of regions incorporating functional relationships of hub cities and their impact areas, and provides 59 hub cities and their impact areas. The results also provide policy implications for regional spatial planning that addresses appropriate planning boundaries of regions for enhancing the economic competitiveness of small and medium sized cities and ensuring services for shrinking cities.

The Analysis of Stress Levels of Radiological Technologists in General Hospitals According to their Regional Working Environments (종합병원 방사선사의 근무환경에 따른 지역별 스트레스 수준 분석)

  • Jung Hong-Ryang;Son Bu-Soon
    • Journal of Environmental Science International
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    • v.14 no.4
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    • pp.435-444
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    • 2005
  • A survey was conducted to 890 radiological technologists working at 44 general hospitals of 16 cities and provinces across the county to determine their stress level according to regions divided into the capital city, metropolitan areas and small- and medium-sized cities. For this purpose, such factors as their working environment, role playing, job conflict and job burden were compared and analyzed according to the regions. The findings may be summed up as follows: 1. In terms of working environment, radiological technologists in the capital city were found to have the least stress(23.46), followed by those in metropolitan areas(24.53) and small- and medium-sized cities(24.85). There was a significant difference according to the regions as for the item 'worry about influence of radioactive contamination(genetic, decisive and plausible)(P<0.001). 2. As for role playing, radiological technologists in small-and medium-sized cities appeared to receive the highest stress(l8.25) followed by metropolitan areas(l7. 71) and the capital city(l6.69). There was a statistically significant difference(P<0.001) according to the regions 3. Regarding job conflict, those who work in small- and medium-sized cities turned out to get the highest stress(15.66) compared to those in metropolitan areas(15.35) and the capital city(l4.44). In terms of job autonomy, there was no significant result from the survey in spite of the difference between metropolitan areas(14.87), small- and medium-sized cities(l4.79) and the capital city(l4.66). 4. Little difference was detected according to the regions as far as the job burden(excessive or too little) was concerned. But their was a significant regional difference in tenns of patient-related factors with the capital city(11.50), small- and medium-sized cities(l0.75), and metropolitan areas(1.63)(P<0.001).

A Comparative Study on the Factors Influencing Risk Behaviors of Adolescents Living in Small and Medium-sized Cities and Rural Communities (중소도시와 농촌 청소년의 위험행동 영향요인 비교 연구)

  • Park, Hyun Sook;Yeo, Hyun Ju;Jung, Sun Young
    • Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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    • v.29 no.3
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    • pp.256-266
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    • 2016
  • Purpose: This study was to compare and to examine the factors related to risk behaviors of adolescents living in small and medium-sized cities and in rural areas. Methods: The subjects were 545 adolescents (295 from small and medium-sized cities and 250 from rural areas). The data was analyzed by descriptive statistics, Pearson corelation coefficients, and multiple regression with IBM SPSS 19.0 program. Results: The factors influencing the risk behaviors of adolescents in small- medium cities were school, peer risk factors and community risk factors, self- control among protective factors, positive communication with parents, positive peer associations, these variables explained 42.0%. The most important variable explaining the risk behaviors of adolescents in small- medium cities was positive communication with parents, followed by community risk factors, peer risk factors, positive peer relationships, school and self-control. The factors affecting the risk behaviors of rural adolescents were school, personal risk factor, peer risk factor, self- control factor, which explained 38.5% of the risk behaviors of adolescents in rural areas. Among them, the most important variable explaining risk behaviors was personal risk factors, followed by peer risk factors, school, and self-control. Conclusion: These finding suggest a need to develop a strategy to improve positive communication with parents for adolescents living in small- medium cities and a strategy to reduce personal risk factors and peer risk factors for rural adolescents.

Study on the Delineation of City-Regions Based on Functional Interdependence and Its Relationships with Urban Growth (기능적 상호작용에 따른 도시권 설정과 성장관계에 대한 연구)

  • Kim, Dohyeong;Woo, Myungje
    • Journal of Korea Planning Association
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    • v.54 no.7
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    • pp.5-23
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    • 2019
  • The central government has implemented policies to strengthen the competitiveness of small and medium sized cities for balanced development at the national scale. However, since it is often difficult to enhance the competitiveness through partial projects of each jurisdiction, many local governments collaborate at the regional scale. This suggests that a regional approach is important for the management of small and medium sized cities. On the one hand, the concept of network city suggests that various functional networks can affect the growth of small and medium sized cities. Given this background, the purposes of this study are to delineate regional boundaries at national scale and identify their relations of growth by using functional network and Moran's I index. The study uses the Markov-chain model and cluster analysis to delineate the regions, and Moran's I is employed to identify the relations of growth. The results show that interactions between jurisdictions through networks could be crucial factors for growth of small and medium sized cities, while the networks based on passenger travel and freight movement have different implications. The results suggest that policy makers should not only consider local level investments, but also take the characteristics of networks between cities into account for achieving balanced development and developing regeneration policies.

A Study on the Classification of Physical Decline in Small and Medium Cities - Focused on the analysis of building DB in the unit of Census Output Area - (중소도시의 물리적 쇠퇴등급 분류 연구 - 집계구 단위의 건축물 DB 분석을 중심으로 -)

  • Han, Da-Hyuck;Lee, Min-Seok
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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    • v.22 no.3
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    • pp.41-48
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    • 2020
  • The purpose of this research is to manage the physical sectors systematically, needed for the selection and direction of declining areas, such as urban regeneration and revitalization projects, by grading the density of decline indicators of buildings in small and medium cities. In five small and medium-sized cities in Jeollanam-do, the data were divided into three stages according to the density, according to the use, structure, and age of the building. Rating by element of Census Output Area, detailed designation, and management of declining areas in small and medium-sized cities are required, rather than setting the scope of declining areas based on administrative districts. It is also necessary to manage cities through complex and intra-element phasing rather than single elements in defining physical decline. The analysis based on the complex factors and boundary of the Census Output Area is meaningful in order to maintain and manage such cities in a more detailed and precise manner according to such characteristics of each region.

The Current State and Promotional Strategies for Ocean Cruise Tourism in Small and Medium-sized Ocean Cities, - Focused on Yeosu - (중소해양도시 크루즈관광 여건 및 활성화 방안: 여수시를 중심으로)

  • Choi, Changho;Lim, Youngtae
    • Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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    • v.29 no.2
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    • pp.113-136
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    • 2013
  • The recent rapid increase of international ocean cruises calling at Korea has prompted the interests of central and local governments in promotion of cruise ship tour. Korea's cruise tour policies and facility improvement plans tend to be focused only on main ports of cities with high calls at cruise port, such as Busan, Incheon, and Jeju. However, small and medium-sized ocean cities which represent the coastal areas are also seeking to activate cruise ship tour and attract investment, and therefore they merit governmental support as well. This study looks at the current conditions of cruise tourism in small and medium-sized ocean cities and searches for the means to activate cruise tours. It suggests improvement policies for port services, transport accessibility, urban facilities and tour activity support, as well as expected roles of public and private sector. As a case study of Yeosu in Jeollanam-do, it analyzes the present state and discusses possible future activation programs, comparing small and medium-sized cities with cities with main ports. In order to be a port of call, steady exertions for improvement are required in all areas regarding cruise tourism whether it's main or local. Especially, since local ports in small and medium-sized ocean cities are relatively unlikely to be developed into home ports, policies and tourism programs should be established to support them in being chosen as ports of call.

An Evaluation of the Importance of Living SOC Major Indicators in Small and Medium Sized Cities Using AHP (AHP를 활용한 중소도시 생활SOC 주요지표의 중요도 평가)

  • Kim, Dongwoo;Han, Da-hyuck;Lee, Min-seok
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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    • v.22 no.4
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    • pp.35-42
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    • 2020
  • This study evaluated the importance between the major indicators of living SOC in small and medium cities. AHP layer analysis was performed on a group of experts and their importance and priorities were evaluated. The results of the assessment are as follows: First, the village(walking) living zone was considered relatively more important than the local hub(vehicle) living zone. Second, the importance of health care in the local hub(vehicle) living area was assessed to be the most important in the comprehensive evaluation. Third, medical care, care, education and convenience in the village(walking) living area were ranked second, third, fourth and fifth, respectively. Fourth, the relative importance of physical education, learning, physical education, learning, relaxation, culture and village(walking) living areas in the local hub(vehicle) living areas were valued low. It is necessary to seek living SOC policies and directions in consideration of the special nature of urban social structure in small and medium-sized cities in Korea.