• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.97-106
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• 1997

This study was designed to examine the determinants of housing decisions of prospective home buyers in newly constructed areas in Ulsan. The main focus was to clarify the current mobility motives. reasons for choosing present dwelling, housing values , housing satisfaction, housing Preferences of households. The data used in this study were collected from a probability sample consisting of 350 households, and analyzed through descriptive statistics, factor analysis, and analysis of variance. The major findings were as follows: 1) The motives of current mobility of households were home ownership, larger space, and better neighborhoods. 2) The reasons for choosing present dwelling were location. dwelling size, air quality and housing price. 3) Seventeen items of housing values were identified important. 4) Households were satisfied with dwelling size, number of rooms, views, and neighborhood facilities, 5) Dwelling features preferred by the households were the individual opinion of interior, perfect antinoise, better construction materials, better bath, kitchen facility etc.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.9-17
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to perform the post occupancy evaluation in apartment housing with the dining room and kitchen(DK) facing the front side, and then to compare them with findings in unit plan facing the back side. A questionnaire survey method was used in this study. These questionnaires were administered, along with an interview, of 200 households in the apartment of 27-28 pyoung($76.50-78.54\textrm{m}^2$), in Gwangju city. Those living in an apartment with DK facing the front side tend to be less satisfied with the physical feature factors. expecially for layout of rooms, location of second bedroom and master bedroom, size and location of storage spaces, and location and size of balcony than those with the DK facing the back side.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.390-398
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to analyze the planning guideline of individual space size for public library. The 26 cases were selected from the data of outstanding libraries built after the year 2000. The paper focused on the comparison between the data from analysis and the guideline from manual book of public library. The result of this study was as followed ; The first, reference reading rooms were open-plan rather than segmented. The second, the percentages of reference reading spaces from the data were lower than the guidelines. It proved the fact that the role of public library expanded to cultural community space. The third, children's space retained sufficient numbers of book collections. It represented that people realized the importance of children's library in terms of cultural education. The fourth, the percentage of space size of cultural area showed high amount of numbers. It proved the fact that the public library as community center was required various cultural programs. The fifth, the percentages of preservation library were lower than the guideline in case of the big libraries, while the small libraries were higher. The book collections of detached annex libraries should be linked with the central libraries.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.19-27
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to suggest optimum guidelines apartment rooms by conducing survey among residence whose apartment floor size is between $66-198m^2$ and whose apartment is less than 3 years old. The effective numbers of survey questionnaire turned in was 226 and the survey analysis has been made by using of SPSS WIN 12.0. The results and conclusion of the studies are as follows; (1) $66{\sim}98m^2$ : The recommended numbers of bedroom is 2 and 3. The size of maser bedroom needs to be decreased whereas the size of living room be increased. (2) $99-131m^2$: The recommended numbers of bedroom is 3 and 4. The size of maser bedroom and maser bathroom needs to be decreased whereas the size of living room, 2nd bedroom, kitchen and dining room needs to be increased. (3) $132-164m^2$: The recommended numbers of bedroom is 3 and 4. The size of maser bedroom and bathroom needs to be decreased whereas the size of dress room, kitchen and dining room, and 2nd bedroom needs to be increased. (4) $165-197m^2$: The recommended numbers of bedroom is 3 and 4. The size of maser bedroom and maser bathroom needs to be decreased and the size of dressroom and kitchen /dinning room needs to be increased. (5) $198m^2$ and above: the recommended numbers of bedroom is 3,4 and 5. The size of dressroom needs to be increased. It is revealed that the number of bedroom doesn't need to be increased as the size of apartment is increased. Larger space is required for the public space for the family and dressroom. And smaller space is required for the maser bedroom and master bathroom.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.73-80
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• 2005

Open Housing System ideas were developed in Korea in the 1980s to satisfy the demand for variety indwelling spaces. This domestic attempt to apply open building principles was highly restricted and was applied only in support of middle-large size apartments rather than small size apartments. One of the problems was the conventional design of building structures. It was difficult to effectively satisfy the various lifestyles and transformation of dwellings because existing apartments were designed using a concrete wall structure approach, in which room sizes and arrangements were fixed by the placement of structural concrete walls. This was the result not only of structural analysis (other structural designs were possible) but also the result of the idea that the standard plan was suitable for a stable society and was easier to implement, and that change in social standards and technical upgrading was not going to happen. This study presents an apartment concept in which open building design methods were applied to satisfy the problem of various lifestyles and household sizes and preferences for small apartments. This concept also helps to create a more effective and long lasting building which decreases construction waste, saves resources and protects the environment by enabling the building to accommodate combining, increasing / decreasing, changing location or changing usage of rooms.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.453-461
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• 2014

Objective: Based on the fact that fine particles are more likely to produce negative influences on the health of occupants as well as the quality of indoor air compared to coarse particles, it is critical to determine concentrations of aerosol particles with different sizes. Thus, this study focused on the size distribution and concentrations of aerosol particles in university buildings. Method: Aerosol particles in indoor air were collected from four areas: corridors in buildings(In-CO), lecture rooms(In-RO), laboratories(In-LR), and a cafeteria(In-RE). Samples were also collected from outside for comparison between the concentrations of indoor and outdoor particles. For the collection of the samples, an eight stage non-viable cascade impactor was used. Result: The average concentration of $PM_{10}$ in the samples collected from indoor areas was $34.65-91.08{\mu}g/m^3$,and the average for $PM_{2.5}$ was $22.65-60.40{\mu}g/m^3$. The concentrations of the aerosol particles in the corridors, lecture rooms, and laboratories were relatively higher than the concentrations collected from other areas. Furthermore, in terms of mass median aerodynamic diameter(MMAD), the corridors and lecture rooms had higher numbers due to their characteristics, showing $2.36{\mu}m$ and $2.11{\mu}m$, respectively. Laboratories running an electrolysis experiment showed $1.58{\mu}m$, and the cafeteria with regular maintenance and ventilation had $1.96{\mu}m$. Conclusion: The results showed that the $PM_{10}$ concentrations of all samples did not exceed indoor air quality standards. However, the $PM_{2.5}$ concentration was over the standard and, in particular, the concentration of fine particles collected from the laboratories was relatively higher, which could be an issue for the occupants. Therefore, it is important to improve the quality of the indoor air in university buildings.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.23 no.2 s.74
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• pp.107-125
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• 2005

Each ethnic group has a different cultural background and has developed its own culture in the name of a tradition. The interaction between different cultures is ever increasing through the process of acculturation or culture contact The purpose of this study is to provide baseline information about domestic living of Korean immigrants in Australia and Australians for a larger cross-cultural study project. As the first step, the usage of domestic space and seating styles of 52 Korean households in Melbourne were analyzed. Ethnographic research was conducted, utilizing a questionnaire. The findings of this research are as follows: 1. The most popular type of Living-Dining-Kitchen arrangement was the one which the kitchen is separated from the living and dining area. The level of satisfaction was the highest when the living room, dining room, and kitchen were all separated. 2. A laundry room was indispensable for Koreans in Australia, and they wanted to dry laundry and do ironing in there. Most people were satisfied with the toilet separated from the bathroom A drain hole on the floor of the bathroom was not indispensable for most Korean-Australians. 3. Korean-Australians tend to engage in various activities in their individual rooms, and they estimated that the size of most rooms were small. They also wanted to renovate the house to expand the rooms. 4. The seating style of Korean-Australians was mostly chair-seating. Yet, they often made beds on the floor for guests, and made kimchi sitting on the floor. Also, when they were relaxing, they were using both chair-seating and floor-seating. 5. Korean-Australians were not very satisfied with the use of floor carpets because of the dust collected on the carpets, and the difficulty to clean. It may be related to their preferred floor seating style, as well. 6. Almost all Korean-Australians take off their shoes inside of the house for hygienic reasons. They had a shoes cabinet at the entrance inside of the house. 7. The most popular heating system was ducted heating. The level of satisfaction about this was moderate because hot air contains lots of dust and it makes rooms very dry. Many were using electric blankets and their desired heating system was Ondol (heated floor). 8. Korean-Australians thought that the living room was the most important place for the family, and believed it should be decorated well to entertain guests. They also pointed out that the lighting was not bright enough in general.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.216-221
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• 2016

Background: Very fine radiation-induced aerosol particles are produced in intense radiation fields, such as high-intensity accelerator rooms and containment vessels such as those in the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant (FDNPP). Size measurement of the aerosol particles is very important for understanding the behavior of radioactive aerosols released in the FDNPP accident and radiation safety in high-energy accelerators. Materials and Methods: A combined technique using wire screens and imaging plates was developed for size measurement of fine radioactive aerosol particles smaller than 100 nm in diameter. This technique was applied to the radiation field of a proton accelerator room, in which radioactive atoms produced in air during machine operation are incorporated into radiation-induced aerosol particles. The size of $^{11}C$-bearing aerosol particles was analyzed using the wire screen technique in distinction from other positron emitters in combination with a radioactive decay analysis. Results and Discussion: The size distribution for $^{11}C$-bearing aerosol particles was found to be ca. $70{\mu}m$ in geometric mean diameter. The size was similar to that for $^7Be$-bearing particles obtained by a Ge detector measurement, and was slightly larger than the number-based size distribution measured with a scanning mobility particle sizer. Conclusion: The particle size measuring method using wire screens and imaging plates was successfully applied to the fine aerosol particles produced in an intense radiation field of a proton accelerator. This technique is applicable to size measurement of radioactive aerosol particles produced in the intense radiation fields of radiation facilities.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.89-95
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• 1998

This study is about the process of change of Korean rural house based on usage of residential space. This paper aims to identify the patterns of change and the characteristics of usage of space, to suggest the planning directions for the desirable rural house. The major findings are summarized as follows : 1) The spatial structure of the rural house has been changed largely, major changes of this are as follows : enlargement of An-bang size, heating of traditional floor, introduction of bathroom and utility room, improvement of kitchen. 2) The satisfaction of the rural house has relation to the lot size and house size. 3) The life style which centered An-bang is changing into the that which centered living room. The number of unused rooms are increased while the family member decreased. 4) The residents have medial degrees of satisfaction at inner space of the rural house. 5) The need of Bu-sok-sa(storage space) as space for the farming machines has been increased. 6) The new strategies for planning the desirable rural house is need to be developed, which include the advantages of traditional rural house, planning techniques of the ego-oriented residential space. effective usage of living space. the formation of the rural village image.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.65-73
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to find out the characteristics of area and spatial elements according to the building size and provide the guidelines for space planning of the child care center. This study used the content analysis method and analysis was made on the floor plans for 51 cases and the floor plans were converted to Autocad drawings to analyze the area. The results of this study were as follows; 1) Child care centers over 70% were single-attached building types which made it possible for creating outdoor environments for children. However, most small-size centers which had under 50 children did not have the facilities for outdoor activities. 2) In terms of spatial elements, the basic spaces of the small-size center were the classroom, bathroom, kitchen, office and reference room. The medium or large size centers had extra rooms for special activities and service spaces in addition to the basic spaces. 3) Classroom area per child was 2.65 m2 on average. Space composition ratio on average for care, staff, and service was programmed by 57%, 9%, 34% respectively. Small-size center had relatively more care space when compared to the others. In the case of large-size centers, there was a tendency that service space was increased, but care space was decreased.