• KSBB Journal
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• v.21 no.6 s.101
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• pp.422-427
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• 2006

The culture media from Fomitopsis pinicola were extracted by methanol and examined growth inhibition against Helicobacter pylori. The culture media from 8 days fermentation of F. pinicola showed maximum inhibition activity on H. pylori in 0.25 mg as MIC value. The highest activity against H. pylori by MHCS agar diffusion medium by Fp-P1 in 22.7 mm ID among 3 peaks from methanol fraction of 8 days culture media of Fomitopsis pinicola which purified by ion-exchange chromatography. The Fp-P1 from DEAE-Sephadex A-25 have been analysed by TLC as Fp-T1, Fp-T2 and Fp-T3 by ninhydrin staining. Fp-T3 (Rf value : 0.67) was higher activity against H. pylori in 14.4 mm ID. Fp-T3 was identified as single band by HPLC and TLC. It was assumed to aminosugar by BioLC analysis and TLC staining.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.102-109
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• 2012

In this study, the four different filter media (sponge, volcanic stone, activated carbon and magnesium hydroxide) were tested for the removal of algae and phosphorus in the two eutrophic water samples (natural water and artificial algal culture with BG-11 medium). These filter media were used in the column device as single or combined applications. The effect of the $Mg(OH)_2$ on phosphorus removal was examined using different particle sizes (<2 mm and >2 mm) and concentrations (0, 10, 50 and 100 g $L^{-1}$) of magnesium hydroxide. The removal efficiency of phosphate by magnesium hydroxide was increased with longer experimental time and higher concentration. However, there was no significant difference in the degree of phosphorus removal between any two particle sizes (1 mg P $L^{-1}$: F=0.109, P=0.685; 10 mg P $L^{-1}$: F=1.542, P=0.355). Among the four media, activated carbon showed the most potent effect on the removal of both algae and phosphorus. The highest removal efficiency of algae and phosphorus was obtained by combining four columns of each filter medium. Interestingly, integration of four filter columns showed higher removal efficiency than activated carbon alone. The highest removal efficiency by integrated filter columns seemed to be caused by a synergistic effect of combined activated carbon and magnesium hydroxide.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.33-44
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• 1997

We investigated the immunological function of cheese whey protein concentrate (CWPC), which is a by-product of cheese production, using mitogenic activity in murine splenocytes as an index. A fraction isolated by gel filtration and anion exchange chromatography of CWPC showed high mitogenic activity, comparable to the activity of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The fraction was detected as a single band on SDS-PAGE. It contained calcium, inorganic phosphorus, and carbo-hydrate, indicating the active component to be a glycophosphopeptide (GPP) Since pronase digestion of GPP did not reduce its mitogenic activity, carbohydrate rather than peptide may be important in the activity, When applied on an anti-${\beta}$-caseinophosphopeptide (${\beta}$-CPP ) antibody affinity column, the GPP was separated into two components, one with affinity to ${\beta}$-CPP and the other without such affinity. Both the components contained N-linked oligosaccharide chains and had the mitogenic activity. These results demonstrate that cheese whey contains a GPP having strong mitogenic activity

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.19 no.11
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• pp.1295-1300
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• 2009

A 2,172-bp full-length gene (aga-F78), encoding a protease-resistant $\alpha$-galactosidase, was cloned from Rhizopus sp. F78 and expressed in Escherichia coli. The deduced amino acid sequence shared highest identity (45.0%) with an $\alpha$-galactosidase of glycoside hydrolase family 36 from Absidia corymbifera. After one-step purification with a Ni-NTA chelating column, the recombinant Aga-F78 migrated as a single band of ~82 and ~210 kDa on SDS-PAGE and nondenaturing gradient PAGE, respectively, indicating that the native structure of the recombinant Aga-F78 was a trimer. Exhibiting the similar properties as the authentic protein, purified recombinant Aga-F78 was optimally active at $50^{\circ}C$ and pH 4.8, highly pH stable over the pH range 5.0-10.0, more resistant to some cations and proteases, and had wide substrate specificity (pNPG, melidiose, raffinose, and stachyose). The recombinant enzyme also showed good hydrolytic ability to soybean meal, releasing galactose of $415.58\;{\mu}g/g$ soybean meal. When combined with trypsin, the enzyme retained over 90% degradability to soybean meal. These favorable properties make Aga-F78 a potential candidate for applications in the food and feed industries.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.390-397
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• 2010

Residual solvents in foods are defined as organic volatile chemicals used or produced in manufacturing of extracts or additives, or functional foods. The solvents are not completely eliminated by practical manufacturing techniques and they also may become contaminated by solvents from packing, transportation or storage in warehouses. Because residual solvents have no nutritional value but may be hazardous to human health, there is a need to remove them from the final products or reduce their amounts to below acceptable levels. The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate an analytical method for the screening of residual solvents in health functional foods. Furthermore, the aim of this study was to constitute a reasonable management system based on the current state of the market and case studies of foreign countries. Eleven volatile solvents such as MeOH, EtOH, trichloroethylene and hexane were separated depending on their column properties, temp. and time using Gas Chromatography (GC). After determining the GC conditions, a sample preparation method using HSS (Head Space Sampling) was developed. From the results, a method for analyzing residual solvents in health functional foods was developed considering matrix effect and interference from the sample obtained from the solution of solvents-free health functional foods spiked with 11 standards solutions. Validation test using the developed GC/HSS/MS (Mass Spectrometry) method was followed by tests for precision, accuracy, recovery, linearity and adequate sensitivity. Finally, examination of 104 samples grouped in suits was performed by the developed HSS/GC/MS for screening the solvents. The 11 solvents were isolated from health functional foods based on vapor pressure difference, and followed by separation within 15 minutes in a single run. The limt of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), recovery and coefficient of variation (C.V.) of these compounds determined by the HSS/GC/MS were found to be 0.1 pg/mL, 0.1-125 pg/g, 51.0-104.6%, and less than 15%, respectively. Using the developed HSS/GC/MS method, residual solvent from 16 out of 104 health functional products were detected as a EtOH. This method therefore seems t o be a valuable extension ofanalytical method for the identification of residual solvents in health functional food.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.845-851
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• 2008

${\beta}-Lactamase$, secreted from Bacillus sp. J105 strain was purified to a single band on SDS-PAGE by ammonium sulfate precipitation, ion exchange column chromatography and gel-filtration. The molecular weight of the purified enzyme was 31 kDa on SDS-PAGE and its isoelectric point was 7.35. Optimal pH and temperature for enzymatic reaction were 5 and $40^{\circ}C$, respectively. As a result of total amino acid composition analysis of the purified enzyme, Gly and Ala were occupied 14.1 and 13.3 mole %, respectively. Km and Vmax value of purified enzyme were 1.33 mM and 0.36 mM/ml using ampicillin as a substrate, respectively.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.57-62
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• 2000

The proteoglycan, intracellular and extracellular, extracted from the liquid culture of Phellinus igniarius were purified and characterized. The mycelial productivity was proved to be better in shaking culture compared to standing culture. The productivity of intracellular proteoglycan of Phellinus igniarius appeared to be similar in two culturing methods. The standing culture of Phellinus igniarius produced 6 times as much extracellular proteoglycan compared to shaking culture. The proteoglycan were purified to a single peak by ion exchange chromatography(DEAE-cellulose) followed by gel filtration(Sepharose 2B). PIEPDG contained 79.0% total sugar and 7.2% protein. PIEPAG contained 56.7% total sugar and 40.8% protein. PIIPDG contained 64.8% total sugar and 17.4% protein. PIIPAG contained 56.9% total sugar and 41.5%n protein. The molecular weights of all the fractions were estimated to be above 100,000, from 134KDa of PIEPDG to 560 KDa of PIEPAG. The results of sugar analysis by HPLC showed that PIEPDG contains glucose only. The sugar part of PIIPDG and PIIPAG were consisted of glucose and inositol. The PIEPAG contained three kinds of monosaccharides, glucose, fructose and inositol.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.56-61
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• 1994

The cationic isoperoxidases were isolated from oat root tips which had been grown in treatment with $1{\times}10^{-4}$ M alachlor and purified about 30-fold by treatment with ethylalchol and ion exchange chromatography on DEAF-celluose and CM-sephadex medium. The oat root was found to contain three isoperoxidase. The major activity peak (B) represented 65% of the total isoperoxidase activity. After purification, the major peak of isoperoxidase was purified about 37-fold from the oat root. Analysis of the major peroxidase peak(column fraction 58-78) by SDS revealed a single band which corresponed to a molecular mass of 42.5 kD. In vitro, isoperoxidase activies were inhibited by IAA. Isoperoxidase(50 unit) significantly inhibited 70.2% of cell division in oat root and 54.2% of cell elongation in oat coleoptile as compared with control.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.244-252
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• 2001

A comprehensive analytical method of endocrine distruptors[i.e., nonylphenol(NP), octylphenol(OP), bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate(BEHP)] is fish samples was developed using two internal standards. This method employed closed culture tube extraction with dichloromethane and solvent exchange to iso-hexane and SPE(2g) aminopropyl column, followed by determination on gas chromatograph linked to mass spectrometer(GC/MS) operated in the single ion monitoring(SIM) mode. The recoveries of nonylphenol and octyphenol in the range of $0.2{\sim}20{\mu}g/g$ using 1-phenyl decanol as one internal standard were over 75%, and recovery of bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate in the range of $0.4{\sim}40{\mu}g/g$ using bis(2-ethylbutyl)phthalate(BEBP) as the other internal standards was showed over 102%. The present method was applied to fish samples from Korea and UK. The range of concentrations for nonylphnol(NP) and bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate in Korean fish were $0.02{\sim}0.06{\mu}g/g$ in 2 samples and $0.18{\sim}2.03{\mu}g/g$ in 9 samples respectively, but bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate(BEHP) in UK samples was found $2.99{\mu}g/g$ in just 1 sample. But octylphenol(OP) was not dected in any samples by this method. This two internal standard method provides a more precise analytical tool to investigate endocrine disruptors in a biological matrices of limited quantity.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.24 no.8
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• pp.860-864
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• 2014

PAP-1, a novel antimicrobial peptide isolated from pyloric caeca extract of the starfish Asterina pectinifera was purified and characterized. First, the acidified pyloric caeca extract was put through Sep-Pak C18 solid phase extraction cartridge using a stepwise gradient. Among the eluents, RM 60 (retained materials at 60% methanol) showed good antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli D31 and was purified in C18 reversed-phase and ion-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography columns. The purification steps yielded two novel peptides showing strong antimicrobial activities. These peptides were named pyloric caeca A. pectinifera peptide 1 and 2 (PAP-1 and PAP-2). For the characterization of the purified peptides, the molecular weights and amino acid sequences were determined by MALDI-TOF MS and Edman degradation. The molecular weights of PAP-1 and PAP-2 were about 2951.54 Da and 2980.15 Da respectively. The amino acid sequences of PAP-1 and PAP-2 were partially determined: AIQNAGES and AIQNAAES, respectively. PAP-2 is an isoform of PAP-1, differing merely by a single residue at position 6 (glycine or alanine). The comparison of the N-terminal amino acid sequences and molecular weights of the peptides with those of other known antimicrobial peptides revealed that PAP-1 and PAP-2 have no homology with any known peptides. These findings suggest that PAP-1 and PAP-2 play a significant role in the innate defense system of starfish pyloric caeca.