• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제55권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2016

식용곤충은 대체 식량자원으로 관심이 증가되고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 누에나방 번데기 분말 섭취 유무에 따른 저항성운동 훈련(등장성 수축)이 ICR 마우스의 근육량 증가에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 이를 위하여 ICR 마우스 28마리를 대조군(CON), 저항성운동 훈련군(EX), 누에나방 번데기 분말 섭취군(SP), 누에나방 번데기분말 섭취 저항성운동 훈련군(SPEX)으로 그룹 당 각각 7마리씩 분류하였다. 체중증가율은 EX와 SPEX가 CON과 SP에 비해 유의하게 억제되었다. 혈중 총 단백질 농도는 SPEX가 다른 그룹에 비하여 가장 높았다. 알부민 농도 변화는 운동훈련 병행 시에만 증가하였다. 혈액 GOT와 GPT 수준은 유의차가 없었다. Akt와 Gsk-$3{\beta}$의 단백질 발현의 유의차는 없었다. 그러나 번데기 분말 섭취 시 Akt 증가 및 Gsk-$3{\beta}$의 감소 경향이 나타났다. 비복근 근육 양은 저항성 운동 훈련을 하였을 때만 증가하였다. 그리고 또한, 번데기 분말 섭취 시 근육량은 유의차가 없었으나 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 이러한 결과는 저항성 운동훈련과 누에나방 번데기 분말 섭취는 간독성을 유발하지 않고 근육량을 증가시킬 수 있다는 점을 시사한다. 그러나 보다 상세한 결과를 제시하기 위해 부가적인 연구가 필요할 것이다.

• 한국잠사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국잠사학회 1997년도 Progress and Future Development of Sericultural Science and Technology 40th Anniversary Commemoration Symposium
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• pp.133-158
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• 1997

Since 1992, Sericulture & Entomology Research Institute(NSERI) and Kyung Hee University group screened an activity of lowering blood-glucose levels with silkworm related materials such as silkworm larvae powder, dried feces, pupae and silkworm moth in other to guide laymans to rational and educated utilization of silkworm-related materials for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. In experiments examining several silkworms in different stages and prepared in different conditions, a freeze dried silkworm powder of 5th instar 3rd day showed a higher glucose lowering activity about 20% than heat dried matured silkworm powder. Among the three dosage of 500mg, 830mg and 1,160mg in ate preliminary clinical trial, the 830mg exhibited a significant effect on postprandial blood glucose level and did and did not cause any hypoglycemic side effect. In the blood glucose lowering activity of mulberry and silkworm varieties, the Yongcheonppong and Samkwangjam showed the highest activity for lowering blood glucose levels. In experiments to see the difference in blood-glucose lowering activity between either male and female or larvae and pupae, activity of larvae was higher than that of pupae and the male was higher than female. The heating dry and artificial diet showed lower than mulberry diet and normal freeze dry of the 5th instar 3rd day. Among the sericultural products, larvae showed the highest activity. We find out the fact that effect of silkworm powder attributed to the inhibition of ${\alpha}$-glucohydrolase catalyzed reaction in the small intestine.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.85-93
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• 2021

Silkworm pupae have been utilized as a food source and have high-quality proteins and fatty acids. However, studies on the nutritional composition of pupae according to their variety, developmental stage, and sex have not been conducted. In this study, the nutritional composition of four Korean silk varieties (Baegokjam, BG; Goldensilk, GS; Juhwangjam, JH; and YeonNokjam, YN) were analyzed according to developmental stage and sex. The main ingredient of the pupa was protein, and the protein levels were higher in females than in males. Fat levels were high in males and increased in YN and GS during the late stage but decreased in BG. Fiber content rapidly increased in the late stages, and the lowest content was observed in BG. The pupae contained all essential amino acids, which were detected at higher ratios in females with a high protein content. Fatty acids had a different predominance depending on the variety. Oleic acid level was high in BG, linoleic acid and linolenic acid levels were high in GS, and palmitic acid and stearic acid levels were high in JH. In the mineral analysis, zinc was dominant in BG, whereas calcium and iron levels were relatively low. Zinc level was low in GS, and calcium and magnesium levels were high in JH. Potassium, sodium, magnesium, and phosphorus levels were low in YN. The silkworm pupae showed differences in components according to their variety, sex, and developmental stage; therefore, selecting a variety suitable for its purpose is necessary.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.35-38
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• 2007

In this study, ORF 46 of Bombyx mod nucleopolyhedrovirus(Bm46) fused with EGFP was expressed in Bombyx mod cell lines, larvae and pupae by BmNPV Bacmid system. Bm46 and EGFP were cloned into donor plasmid pFastBacHTb, which was transformed to competent DH10B cells containing helper and BmNPV bacmid by site-specific transposition. Recombinant bacmid was used to transfected BmN-4 cells to produce the recombinant baculovirus vBm-Bm46-EGFP. Recombination virus was injected into silkworm larvae and pupae. The expression of the fusion protein was monitored by examining green fluorescence using a fluorescent microscope. Intense fluorescence in cells and silkworm was observed at 4 days post-infection, indicating the Bm46-EGFP fusion gene was expressed successfully.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.34-38
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• 1985

누에용 분말(粉末)을 첨가(添加)하여 만든 인공사료(人工飼料)가 갑오풀잠자리 성충(成蟲)의 산란(産卵)에 미치는 영향(影響)을 조사(調査)한 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 1. 야외(野外)에서 채집(採集)한 성충(成蟲)에 누에용 분말(粉末)과 꿀을 급여(給與)한 것은 진딧물을 급여(給與)한 것에 비하여 사육초기(飼育初期)에는 산란력(産卵力)이 다소 높았으나 사육후기(飼育後期)에는 현저히 낮았다. 2. 실내(室內)에서 우화(羽化)한 성충(成蟲)에 탈지(脫脂)하지 않은 누에용 분말(粉末)과 꿀의 혼합물(混合物)을 급여한 것은 산란(産卵)이 없었으나 탈지(脫脂)한 누에용 분말(粉末)과 꿀의 혼합물(混合物)을 급여한 처리구에서는 산란(産卵)이 가능(可能)하였다. 3. 성충(成蟲)의 우화후(羽化後) 산란개시일(産卵開始日) 및 암컷 1마리당(當)의 산란수(産卵數)는 무우테두리진딧물, 누에용 분말(粉末)(탈지(脫脂)한 것)과 사료첨가(飼料添加) 성분의 혼합물, 누에용 분말(粉末)(탈지(脫脂)한 것과 하지 않은것)과 사료첨가(飼料添加) 성분의 혼합물, 탈지(脫脂)한 누에용 분말(粉末)과 꿀의 혼합물(混合物) 등(等) 4종(種)의 식이물(食餌物)에 있어서 각각(各各) 5, 9, 9, 11일(日) 및 166.8, 110.2, 96.1, 66.1개(個)이었다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제21권11호
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• pp.273-282
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• 2020

본 연구는 경제적, 사회적, 환경적으로 가치가 있는 미래의 식량자원인 곤충식품의 산업적 활용도를 높이고자 최근 10년간(2009년~2019년) 발표된 곤충식품들 중 누에와 누에번데기의 생리활성 연구자료를 수집하여 혈청 지질 수준 개선에 대한 메타분석을 실시하였다. 누에와 누에번데기 연구물의 총 편수는 20편이었으며, 총 사례 수는 261개로 산출되었다. 연구단위로 분석한 연구의 수는 총 20개였다. 전체 연구결과의 효과크기는 0.852로 큰 효과크기였으며, 95% 신뢰구간의 범위는 0.662~0.999였다. Q 값은 23.264(p<0.001), Higgin's I² 값은 92.217로 각각의 연구가 이질성이 있다고 확인되었다. 관측값과 추정치를 보정한 관측값이 0.654로 동일하게 나타나 출판편향은 없었다. 누에 연구는 혈당과 혈중지질이 각각 0.801, 0.948로 큰 효과크기였으며, 그중 LDL-콜레스테롤은 1.371로 매우 큰 효과크기였다. 간 세포 손상(AST/GOT)은 0.768, 만성 간 세포 손상(ALT/GPT)은 0.788로 중간 효과크기였다. 실험기간은 5~8주가 1.170, 섭취량은 1~50 mg/kg이 1.020으로 매우 큰 효과크기였다. 누에번데기는 혈중지질과 총 콜레스테롤이 각각 0.991, 0.951로 큰 효과크기였다. 실험기간은 9주 이상이 1.103으로 매우 큰 효과크기였으며, 섭취량은 5001 mg/kg 이상이 0.855로 큰 효과크기를 보였다.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.115-123
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• 2003

Oviposition and egg laying is an important physiological and behavioural event in the life cycle of the silkworm, Bombyx mori (L). Oviposition and egg laying is dependent on a number of intrinsic and extrinsic factors viz., neural, hormonal, environmental, physical, behavioral etc for the perpetuation of population. Although, the virgin female moths have fully developed embryos but active egg laying begins under the influence of mating which provides essential copulation stimulus for oviposition. After mating drastic biochemical changes occurred that incites egg laying under the influence of optimum environmental conditions. Weight of pupae as well as larval density has significant role on oviposition and egg laying behaviour in the silkworm wherein high pupal weight and inadequate rearing space affects not only the biology, morphology and physiology but also the oviposition and egg laying. Surface topography, plane of inclination, mating length, age of male moth, temperature and photoperiod etc has significant effect on reproductive physiology of silkworm. An attempt has been made in this review article to elucidate briefly the works carried out on mating behaviour, direct and indirect copulation stimulus, vitellogenesis, influence of environmental factors besides effect of weight of pupae and or pharate adult and larval density on oviposition and egg laying behavior in the silkworm, B. mori and its significance in silkworm seed production.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.60-66
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• 2023

Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most prevalent degenerative joint diseases and is more common in older and obese individuals. Silkworm male pupae exerts tonic effects by increasing testosterone secretion and the forced swimming time and muscle ratio increased in mice consuming silkworm pupae, which may be beneficial to the older population. Therefore, it will be beneficial to investigate the effects of silkworm pupal extracts (SPE) on OA. To confirm this effect, we prepared SPE in different solvents, and their ability to attenuate matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and inflammatory mediators (interleukin-6 [IL-6], interleukin-8 [IL-8] and tumor necrosis factor-α [TNF-α]) were evaluated in an interleukin-1β (IL-1β)-induced SW1353 human chondrosarcoma cell line. 70% ethanolic SPE outperformed the other solvents, reducing MMP-1 and MMP-3 expression by up to 53% and 13%, respectively. Further experiments were performed using 70% ethanolic SPE from three distinct pupation stages in males and females. SPE treatment alleviated MMP-1 expression (43.9-47.4%) regardless of pupation stage and sex. Among the inflammatory mediators, 70% ethanolic SPE alleviated IL-6 and TNF-α levels, and the concentrations thereof were lowest in the early-stage male SPE-treated group (43.15% and 56.74%, respectively). In conclusion, 70% ethanolic SPE may prevent IL-1β-induced osteoarthritis by inhibiting MMPs and inflammatory cytokines. Therefore, SPE is a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of OA.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.63-68
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• 2012

Osteoporosis is characterized by the reduced density of mineralized bone matrix. The loss of bone has been attributed to an imbalance between bone formation and bone resorption. The silkmoth is one of the famous traditional tonic medicines. Silkworm pupa was evaluated for its antiosteoporotic activity in an ovariectomized rat model of osteoporosis. The rats were ovariectomized at 6weeks of age and divided into 7 groups. All the groups were fed without calcium diet. The OVX rats were treated with water and silkworm powder for 6 weeks. In OVX rats, the body weight, feeding and water intake quantity did not show a significant change, but the silkworm pupa powder immediately before the eclosion of Yeonrokjam was significantly increased the bone mineral density in the femoral bone. The silkworm pupa powder increased the bone with increasing calcium in serum. These results also showed its protective action through promotion of bone formation. The silkworm pupa powder has a definite antiosteoporotic effect; similar to estrogen, it is especially effective for the prevention of bone fracture induced by estrogen deficiency. The silkworm pupa powder is a promising anti-osteoporotic agent that can prevent bone fractures in osteoporotic patients. The silkworm pupa powder does not show serious side effects because natural herbal medicine origin.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.30-34
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• 1984

가잠중장의 성충분화에 미치는 홀몬의 작용을 알기 위하여 번데기의 유리복부 및 제뇌시킨 영속용에 20-Hydroxyecdysone과 전흉선 작극홀몬(PTTH)를 투여하고, 이에 따른 중장의 형태적 변화와 중장 조직 단백질의 변화를 polyacrylamide gel 전기영동으로 조사하였다. 얻어진 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 번데기의 유리복부에 ecdysone을 주사하면 체내의 각 조직 및 기관에는 성충분화가 일어났다. 중장의 습중량의 변동을 조사한 결과, 홀몬 주사 후 3일째부터 중량이 감소하는 등 마치 정상충에서와 같은 중장의 변태 양상을 나타냈다. 한편 중장조직에서는 용특이한 단백질(PSP)이 소실되고 새로이 성충형 단백질이 생성되었다. 이와 같은 중장 조직에서의 단백질 변화 양상은 영속용에 ecdysone과 PTTH를 투여한 경우에도 동일한 결과를 나타냈다. 2. 이상의 결과, 용일성충에의 중장변태는 PTTH의 자극에 의해 활성화된 전흉선에서 분비되는 ecdysone에 의해 유도되고 있음이 확인되었다.