• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.613-621
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• 2019

In the case of door locks most widely used in the market, the most used area as a one-dimensional problem is worn out, and a worn area which does not use a special attack method enables password guessing. To solve this problem, various methods such as a keypad for randomly displaying numbers are introduced, but this is also not completely safe. The common feature of all the solutions so far is that the keypad area is fixed. In this paper, we consider that point in reverse and create a new area smaller than the entire area in the entire area of the keypad, making the keypad of the new area move randomly, thereby preventing the password from being deduced. When using this technique, a new type of keypad is proposed for the first time because of the impossibility of a shoulder surfing attack even though the number of keypad is left as it is.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.1243-1252
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• 2012

Due to the widespread use of smart devices, threats of direct observation attacks such as shoulder surfing and recording attacks, by which user secrets can be stolen at user interfaces, are increasing greatly. Although formal security models are necessary to evaluate the possibility of and security against those attacks, such a model does not exist. In this paper, based on the previous work in which a HCI cognitive model was firstly utilized for analyzing security, we propose STM-GOMS model as an improvement of GOMS-based model with regard to memory limitations. We then apply STM-GOMS model for analyzing usability and security of a password entry scheme commonly used in smart devices and show the scheme is vulnerable to the shoulder-surfing attack. We finally conduct user experiments to show the results that support the validity of STM-GOMS modeling and analysis.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.189-200
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• 2012

With increasing the number of smart device such as Tablet PC, smart phone and netbook, information security which based on smart device in mobile environment have become the issue. It is important to enter a password safety. In various types of mobile devices, because of hardware limitation of device, it is difficult that to equip secondary input device such as keyboard and mouse. Also, a loss of accuracy becomes a problem because input information was entered by touch screen. Because of problem mentioned above it can be predicted to change password scheme text based password scheme to graphical password scheme, graphical password scheme is easy to use and is resistant to shoulder surfing attack. So this paper proposes new graphical password scheme based 5 strokes which are made by decomposed the Korean to defend against shoulder surfing attack.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.77-84
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• 2011

While The passwords that combined with characters and numbers are easy to memorize and use, they have low complexity. Therefore they can easily be revealed by the shoulder-surfing attack when they are inputted through the input devices such like keyboard. To overcome these problems, many new authentication schemes, which change the user secret different form or let users input their secrets through the more complex manners, have been suggested, but it is still hard to find the balanced point between usability and security. S3PAS is one of well-known schemes which had both usability and security against shoulder-surfing attack. However, this scheme was not considered about intersection attack that the attacker tried to pass the authentication system after observing several authentication sessions. In this paper, we consider the security problem of S3PAS; what the attacker can do when he can observe the authentication sessions in several times. We confirm it through user study and experiments. And also we consider the alternative that overcomes the problem.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.2 no.12
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• pp.525-532
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• 2013

Recently smartphones, tablet, etc. Various types of smart terminal is due to the increased security in mobile devices are becoming an issue. How to enter the password in this environment is a very important issue. Difficult to have a secure password input device on various types of mobile devices. In addition you enter on the touch screen the password of character, uncomfortable and it is vulnerable to SSA attack. Therefore, in this paper provide for defense the SSA(Shoulder Surfing Attacks) and useful password input mechanism is proposed with Smartphone GPS uses a value generated via a graphical password techniques.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2010.11a
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• pp.95-96
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• 2010

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.23 no.9
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• pp.1152-1159
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• 2019

The Nintendo Switch(NSW), which appeared as an 8th generation console, has succeeded worldwide as a hybrid gaming console. The NSW has E-shop itself, users can sign in to their account and purchase games. The keypad built in the NSW is similar to QWERTY keyboard. In the password input field the input information is hidden, but it's possible to get the value entered from the keypad with shoulder surfing attack. Because of the NSW with many party or family games, there is a high probability that someone else is watching the screen nearby, which acts as a vulnerability in account security. Thus we designed the new keypad which improve from this issue. In this paper, we check the problem about the keypad which built in the NSW, we present the proposed keypad and the compared to the built in keypad by showing the test result of unspecified individuals use.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.622-629
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• 2019

VR(Virtual Reality), which provides realistic services in virtual reality, provides a similar experience using a Head Mounted Display(HMD) device. When the HMD device is worn, it can not recognize the surrounding environment and it is easy to analyze the input pattern of the user with the Shoulder Surfing Attack(SSA) when entering the Personal Identification Number(PIN). In this paper, we propose a method to safeguard the user's password even if the hacker analyzes the input pattern while maintaining the user's convenience. For the first time, we implemented a new type of virtual keypad that deviates from the existing rectangle shape according to the VR characteristics and implemented the lock object for intuitive interaction with the user. In addition, a smart glove using the same sensor as the existing input devices of the VR and a PIN input method suitable for the rotary type are implemented and the safety of the SSA is verified through experiments.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.175-188
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• 2009

Besides the passwords have low complexity, they can easily be revealed by the shoulder-surfing attack when they are inputted through the input devices such like keyboard. To overcome these problems, many new authentication schemes, which change the user secret different form or let users input their secrets through the more complex manners, have been suggested, but it is still hard to find the balanced point between usability and security. In this paper, we introduce a new authentication scheme that use the traditional alpha-numeric password as user secret based on operation of them on matrix. We show the security strength of our proposal through the analyses in the various aspects and confirm the difficulty that users feel from our proposal through the user study.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.23 no.11
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• pp.1471-1477
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• 2019

Currently, there are various security methods in smart phone. Among them, pin number and pattern lock were used long as they were used from early smart phone. However, security is weak that much. The security of pin number is slightly high, but the security of conventional pattern lock remains moderate. However, the conventional pattern lock is still used by several people because of convenience. This is because some users' smart phones don't support biometric security. The most convenient security method for devices that don't support biometric security is pattern lock. However, this method is vulnerable to shoulder surfing attack and smudge attack. Therefore, we introduce random pattern lock that solves the vulnerability of the conventional pattern lock while maintaining the convenience of the pattern lock. This is a lock method that places each point placed on the screen in a circular shape and assigns a random number to it. Therefore, If this is introduced, It's expected to solve vulnerability.