• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.105-115
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• 2005

This study was investigated the kinematic factors of the last approach strides and. take off motion for the skill improving of BKH elite male athlete. 'The subjects chosen for the study were BKH and. KASZCZYK Emillian male athletes who were participated in 2003 Dae-Gu Universiad Games. Three high speed video cameras set in 60frames/s setting were used. for recording from the last approach strides to the apex position. After digitizing motion, the Direct Linear Transformation(DLT) technique was employed to obtain 3-D position coordinates, The kinematic factors of the distance, velocity and angle variable were calculated for Kwon3D 3.1. The following conclusions were drawn; 1. It showed longer stride length, as well as faster horizontal and lateral velocity than the success trial during the approach phase. For consistent of the approach rhythm, it appeared that the subject should a short length for obtain the breaking force by the lower COG during the approach phase. 2. The body lean angle showed a small angle by a high COG during the take-off phase. For obtain the vertical displacement of the COG and a enough space form the bar after take-off, it appeared that the subject should increase the body lean angle. 3. For obtain the vertical force during the takeoff phase, it appeared that the subject should keep straight as possible the knee joint. Therefor, the subject can be obtain a enough breaking force at the approach landing.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.20-25
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• 2012

New Zealand suffers from regular floods, these being the most common source of insurance claims for damage from natural hazard events in the country. This paper describes the origin and distribution of the largest floods in New Zealand, and describes the systems used to monitor and predict floods. In New Zealand, broad-scale heavy rainfall (and flooding), is the result of warm moist air flowing out from the tropics into the mid-latitudes. There is no monsoon in New Zealand. The terrain has a substantial influence on the distribution of rainfall, with the largest annual totals occurring near the South Island's Southern Alps, the highest mountains in the country. The orographic effect here is extreme, with 3km of elevation gained over a 20km distance from the coast. Across New Zealand, short duration high intensity rainfall from thunderstorms also causes flooding in urban areas and small catchments. Forecasts of severe weather are provided by the New Zealand MetService, a Government owned company. MetService uses global weather models and a number of limited-area weather models to provide warnings and data streams of predicted rainfall to local Councils. Flood monitoring, prediction and warning are carried out by 16 local Councils. All Councils collect their own rainfall and river flow data, and a variety of prediction methods are utilized. These range from experienced staff making intuitive decisions based on previous effects of heavy rain, to hydrological models linked to outputs from MetService weather prediction models. No operational hydrological models are linked to weather radar in New Zealand. Councils provide warnings to Civil Defence Emergency Management, and also directly to farmers and other occupiers of flood prone areas. Warnings are distributed by email, text message and automated voice systems. A nation-wide hydrological model is also operated by NIWA, a Government-owned research institute. It is linked to a single high resolution weather model which runs on a super computer. The NIWA model does not provide public forecasts. The rivers with the greatest flood flows are shown, and these are ranked in terms of peak specific discharge. It can be seen that of the largest floods occur on the West Coast of the South Island, and the greatest flows per unit area are also found in this location.

• Journal of Photoscience
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2005

The ubiquitin E3 ligase COP1 (Constitutive Photomorphogenesis 1) is a protein repressor of photomorphogenesis in Arabidopsisplants, and it found in various organisms, including animals. The COP1 protein regulates the stability of many of the light-signaling components that are involved in photomorphogenesis and in the developmental processes. To study the effect of COP1 on flowering in a short day plant, we have cloned a full-length of PnCOP1 (Pharbitis nil COP1) cDNA from Pharbitis nil Choisy cv. Violet, and we examined its transcript levels under various conditions. A full-length PnCOP1 cDNA consists of 2,280 bp nucleotidesthat contain 47 bp of 5'-UTR, 232 bp of 3'-UTR including the poly (A) tail, and 1,998 bp of the coding sequence. The deduced amino acid sequence contains 666 amino acids, giving it a theoretical molecular weight of 75 kD and a isolectric point of 6.2. The PnCOP1 contains three distinct domains, an N-terminal $Zn^2+$-binding RING-finger domain, a coiled-coil structure, and WD40 repeats at the C-terminal, implying that the protein plays a role in protein-protein interactions. The PnCOP1 transcript was detected in the cotyledon, hypocotyls and leaves, but not in root. The levels of the PnCOP1 transcript were reduced in leaves that were a farther distance away from the cotyledons. The expression level of the PnCOP1 gene was inhibited by light, while the expression was increased in the dark. During the floral inductive 16 hour-dark period for Pharbitis nil, the expression was increased and it reached its maximum at the 12th hour of the dark period. The levels of PnCOP1 mRNA were dramatically reduced upon light illumination. These results suggest that PnCOP1 may play an important function in the floral induction of Pharbitis nil.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.45-56
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• 2003

$TAO^{TM}$ System is an auto-heated thermophilic aerated digestion process using a proprietary microbe called as a Phototropic Bacteria (PTB). High metabolic activity results in heat generation, which enables to produce a pathogen-free and digested liquid fertilizer at short retention times. TAO$^{TM}$ system has been developed to reduce a manure volume and convert into the liquid fertilizer using swine manure since 1992. About 100 units have been installed and operated in Korean swine farms so far. TAO$^{TM}$ system consists of a reactor vessel and ejector-type aeration pumps and foam removers. The swine slurry manure enters into vessel with PTB and is mixed and aerated. The process is operated at detention times from 2 to 4 days and temperature of 55 to $65^{\circ}C$. Foams are occurred and broken down by foam removers to evaporate water contents. Generally, at least 30% of water content is evaporated, 99% of volatile fatty acids caused an odor are removed and pathogen destruction is excellent with fecal coliform, rotavirus and salmonella below detection limits. The effluent from TAO$^{TM}$ system, called as the "TAO EFFLUX", is screened and has superb properties as a fertilizer. Normally N-P-K contents of screened TAO Efflux are 4.7 g/L, 0.375 g/L and 2.8 g/L respectively. The fertilizer effect of TAO EFFLUX compared to chemical fertilizer has been demonstrated and studied with various crops such as rice, potato, cabbage, pumpkin, green pepper, parsley, cucumber and apple. Generally it has better fertilizer effects and excellent soil fertility improvement effects. Moreover, the TAO EFFLUX is concentrated through membrane technology without fouling problems for a cost saving of long distance transportation and a commercialization (crop nutrient commodity) to a gardening market, for example.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.276-285
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• 2017

The research vessel NARA equipped with an azimuth thruster system was built in 2015. There are few vessels with this propulsion system in Korea. This vessel has two modes such as the normal for maneuvering and the power for investigation, and the other two modes as one axis and two axes on the operating. This type of vessels does not seem to have a clear grasp of the maneuvering character in comparison with the vessel with a conventional propulsion system. So the authors carried out the sea test for the turning, the zigzag and the inclination, and the results are as follows. In turning test, the case of using the two axes mode is much better than the case of using the one axis mode for the elements of turning, such as advance, transfer, tactical diameter and final diameter, but turning hard over the rudder in full speed is very vulnerable to capsize in both modes. In zigzag test, the yaw quicking responsibility index, T is very large excessively, which means a bad counter maneuvering ability, so an operator has to keep in mind that in turning operation. If necessary to avoid collision at head on situation, it may be a more effective method to use the crash astern stop than the turning according to the conditions and circumstances for the shortest stopping distance is very short.

• Journal of Institute of Convergence Technology
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.11-15
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• 2013

These days, the quality of goods is required to improve in the process of manufacturing the semiconductor through the short working hours and clean transportation. The non-contact transport device using magnetic levitation can be a solution in the manufacturing process. The non-contact transport device, using electromagnetic actuation, is the system that can actually transport them by only using attraction force from the electromagnetic source without authentic contact. Moreover, the system using electromagnetic force has a substantial number of benefits ranging from unrestricted design to unlimited expansion. Especially, the price is competitive. The non-contact transport device, using electromagnetic force, has another merits in controlling by giving the same amount of attraction force to ferromagnetic body. By controlling the currents given to coil, the operator is able to decide the direction of the transportation. In order to design the optimal system, we implemented five different things such as the presence of the links below the electromagnetic, the electromagnet changes due to coupling method, the change according to the thickness of the links below electromagnet, due to changes in between electromagnetic distance direction, and the size of the current. Through simulations and the optimum design, it seems to control easily and figure out the exact size of power. It might definitely be the non-contact transport that can sharply reduce tiny scratches and particles in the process of manufacturing the semiconductor.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.32 no.8
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• pp.418-425
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• 2005

3D surface reconstruction is to make the original geometry of 3D objects from 2D geometric information. Barequet's algorithm is well known and most widely used in surface reconstruction. It tiles matched regions first, then triangulates clefts using dynamic programming. However it takes considerably long processing time while manipulating complex model. Our method tiles a simple region that does not have branches along minimally distant vertex pairs at once. When there are branches, our method divides contour lines into a simple region and clefts. We propose a fast and simple method that calculates medial axes using a minimum distance in cleft region. Experimental results show that our method can produce accurate models than the previous method within short time.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.846-851
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• 2007

The wireless sensor network is one of the most practical and cost-effective solutions for monitoring systems covering wild and wide area such as wildfire monitoring. However, the RF distance between sensor nodes is very short due to the need of low power consumption of the sensor node, so the number of sensor nodes to be deployed in the target area is more than tens of thousands. In this paper, we design and analyze the deployment issues as well as re-deployment problem occurred when the battery is exhausted. We also propose the needs and solutions for coverage problem in dynamic deployment. By the experimental evaluations, we analyze the packet success ratio between sensor nodes under various environments such as obstacles and variable distances.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.16 no.12
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• pp.1193-1203
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• 1995

In this work, we focused on the setup of the tools for the analysis of the final rotational state distribution of photofragments in vibrational predissociations of triatomic van der Waals molecules A-B2. We found that reflection principle used for the direct photodissociation processes can also be applied to find out the final rotational state distributions for indirect photodissociation processes. The quantity which represents the strength of rovibrational coupling between the quasi-bound state and the final state is reflected into the mirror of the classical angular momentum function, instead of the initial state before light absorption used in the reflection principle of direct processes. The sign change in the first derivative of the interaction potential with respect to the bond distance of B2 is found to be the source of the binodal structures in the final rotational distributions of photofragments in the model system studied in this work. In MQDT analysis, short range eigenchannel basis functions were found to be localized in angle, in the previous work [Lee, C.W. Bull. Korean Chem. Soc. 1995, 16, 957.] and may be called angle functions. Angle functions enjoy simple geometrical structures which have simple functional relations with the final state distributions of photofragments. Two processes take place along the angle functions which resemble the quasi-bound state and dominate over other processes. Two such angle functions are found to be not only localized angularly but also localized either one of ends of B2 in motions along the bond of B2. These dominating photodissociation processes, however, cancel each other. This cancellation causes photodissociation to depend sensitively on the interaction potential at other angles than the dominant one. Part of potential surface where much larger torque exists can now play an important role in photodissociation. MQDT also enables us to see which processes play important roles after cancellation. This is done by examining the amounts of time delayed by asymptotic eigenchannels.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.1038-1041
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• 2009

Wireless sensor network with wireless sensor nodes which equipped with temperature, humidity, illumination, or soil sensor etc, get a natural environment information and analyze and utilized variety way.these network consist of a short distance wireless communication and multi-hop techniques with multiple nodes equipped low-power wireless transceivers. so the characteristic of the data collected through the wireless sensor network is obtained from compact nodes within a limited range. However, to get a data from the wireless sensor nodes scattered in a wide range, this network needs a wireless transceiver that consumes many power or a lot of intermediate nodes. then, merit of low cost and low electrical energy decrease. To solve this problem, this paper offers environment monitoring system using autonomous mobile robot that collect data from groups of each sensor networks scattered widely.