• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.449-453
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• 2021

Interest and investment in renewable energy have increased worldwide, highlighting the need for renewable energy. Solar energy was the most promising energy of all renewable energy sources, and it has the highest investment value. Because photovoltaics require a certain amount of area for installation, high density and high output performance are required. Shingled module is a promising technology in that they are featured by higher density and higher output compared to the conventional modules. Shingled technology uses a laser scribing to divide solar cells that are to be bonded with electrically conductive adhesive (ECA) to produce and connect strings, which has a higher output in the same area than the conventional modules. In the process of producing solar modules, metal ribbons are used to interconnect cells, but they are also needed for string connections in shingled solar cells. Accordingly, in this study, we researched the interconnection that best suits the connector that joins the string to the string. The module outputs produced under the conditions of the string interconnection were compared and analyzed.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.10-15
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• 2020

Recently, with the increase in the use of urban solar power, solar modules are required to produce high power in limited areas. In this report, we proposed the fabrication of a high-power photovoltaic module using shingles technology, and developed accurate string characteristic simulations based on circuit modeling. By comparing the resistance components between the interconnected cells and the cell strips, the ECA resistance was determined to be 0.003 Ω. Based on the equivalent circuit of the modeled shingled string, string simulation was performed according to the type of cell strip. As a result, it was determined that the cell efficiency of the 4-cell strip was the highest at 19.66%, but the efficiency of the string simulated with the 6-cell strip was the highest at 20.48% in the string unit.

• Current Photovoltaic Research
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.119-123
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• 2018

The High Performance Module With The Shingled String Has Several Advantages Such As The Larger Active Area, Higher Open-Circuit Voltage And Smaller Cell To Module (Ctm) Loss. To Obtain Increase Of Power In Pv Shingled Module, The Detailed Condition Of Various Parameters Related To Cutting And Bonding Process Were Investigated In This Study. We Searched The Optimized Cutting Conditions Of Laser Scan Speed, The Number Of Laser-Scribing And Also Bonding Conditions Of Electrically Conductive Adhesives (Eca) By Varying Amount Of Eca, Curing Time And Curing Temperature. The Shingled Pv Module Showed 25.4W of Maxmimum Power At 60 Rpm Of Dipensing Motor Speed, 30 Seconds Of Curing Time And $140^{\circ}C$ Of Curing Temperature, Respectively.

• Current Photovoltaic Research
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.51-54
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• 2019

The high density module (HDM) has advantages for its larger active area and smaller current density. This new way of making a photovoltaic (PV) module method has benefit for increasing module power with the same installed area. Because HDM consisted with serially connected PV strings, loss of strings during the fabrication process can increase the overall production cost.1-2 This study investigates the rework conditions of the shingled strings with electrically conductive adhesives (ECA). By heating the electrically connected area of a fabricated string, cured area become soft and a string can be detached for the rework process. After rework process, a refabricated string showed 5~10% increased output power compared to before rework process and reached to the 90~95% output power compare to the undamaged strings.

• Current Photovoltaic Research
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.107-110
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• 2022

Lightweight and flexible photovoltaic (PV) modules are attractive for building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) applications because of their easy construction and applicability. In this study, we fabricated lightweight and flexible c-Si PV modules using ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE) front cover and shingled design string cells. The ETFE front cover instead of glass made the PV modules lighter in weight, and the shingled design string cells increased the flexibility. Finally, we fabricated a PV module with a conversion power of 240.08 W at an area of 1.25 m² and weighed only 2 kg/m². Moreover, to check the PV module's flexibility, we conducted a bending test. The difference of conversion power between the modules before and after bending shown was only 1.7 W, which showed a power reduction rate of about 0.7%.

• Current Photovoltaic Research
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.75-78
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• 2023

Recently, the installation of photovoltaic modules in urban areas has been increasing. In particular, the demand for solar modules installed in a limited space is increasing. However, since the crystalline silicon solar module's size is proportional to the solar cell's size, it is difficult to manufacture a module that can be installed in a limited area. In this study, we fabricated a solar module with a shingled design that can control horizontal and vertical width using a bi-directional laser scribing method. We fabricated a string cell with a width of 1/5 compared to the existing shingled design string cells using a bi-directional laser scribing method, and we fabricated a solar module by connecting three strings in parallel. Finally, we achieved a conversion power of 5.521 W at a 103 mm × 320 mm area.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.290-294
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• 2018

The shingled photovoltaic module can be produced by joining divided solar cells into a string of busbarless structure and arranging them in series and parallel to produce a module, in order to produce a high output per unit area. This paper reports a study to optimize solar cell electrode structure for shingled photovoltaic module fabrication. The characteristics of each electrode structure were analyzed according to the simulation program as follow: 80.62% fill factor in the six-junction solar cell electrode structure and 19.23% efficiency in the five-junction electrode structure. Therefore, the split electrode structure optimized for high-density and high-output shingled module fabrication is the five-junction solar cell electrode structure.

• Current Photovoltaic Research
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.120-123
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• 2020

Transparent photovoltaics (PV) are used in various applications such as building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV). However, crystalline silicon (c-Si) is not used for developing transparent PV due to its opaque nature. Here. we fabficate the three holes in 6-inch c-Si solar cells using laser scribing process with an opening area ratio of about 6.8% for transparent c-Si solar modules. Moreover, we make the shingled strings using the perforated cells. Our 7 interconnected shingled string PV cells with 21 holes show a solar to power conversion of 5.721 W. In next work, we will fabricate a transparent c-Si PV module with perforated strings.

• Current Photovoltaic Research
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.31-35
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• 2021

Shingled module shows high ratio active area per total area due to more efficient packing without inactive space between cells. The module is fabricated by connecting the pre-cut cells into the string using electrically conductive adhesives (ECA). ECAs are used for electric and structural connections to fabricate the shingled modules. In this work, we investigated a correlation between ECA peel strength and the efficiency of pre-cut 5 cells module which are fabricated according to ECA interconnection conditions. The curing conditions are varied to determine whether ECA interconnection properties can affect module properties. As a result of the peel test, the highest peel strength was 1.27 N/mm in the condition of 170℃, the lowest peel strength was 0.89 N/mm in the condition of 130℃. The efficiency was almost constant regardless of the curing conditions at an average of 20%. However, the standard deviation of the fill factor increased as the adhesive strength decreased.

• Current Photovoltaic Research
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.129-133
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• 2020

It is very important to optimize the reflectance of incident light in solar modules for improving output power and reducing loss of cell-to-module (CTM). It is assumed that a higher reflectance backsheet may improve optical efficiency. However how much output power is related to optical properties by reflectance property of backsheets have not been revealed clearly yet. A total of 3 types of industrial backsheets with 3 type of industrial encapsulants (EVA or POE) were analyzed as fabricated mini modules used shingled cells. According to the type of backsheets, the difference between the highest and lowest average reflectance in the range of 400 nm to 1200 nm was found to be 13.08% by UV-visible spectroscopy. Also, when using the same encapsulant, the maximum gap value of the output power increase was measured by about 3.755 mW% (166.02 mW). The correlation between reflectance and output power was experimentally found by measuring the output property of the fabricated shingled mini modules.