• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.171-178
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• 2015

Objective : To assess the utilization patternsand satisfaction factors of Traditional Korean Medicine(TKM) in Korea. Method : The study design of this paper is from a nationally representative random e-mails and interview surveys. In this survey, we asked 2000 Korean adults between the ages of 20 and 69, whether they have used TKM in the past three years and if so, what were their experiences and how satisfied they were with the care they have received. Results : Sixty percent of respondents(n=1239) answered that they had used TKM in the past three years. The odds of using TKM were higher in female(OR 1.48; 95% CI 1.24-1.78) and academic backgrounds of university graduate or beyond (OR 1.27; 95% CI 1.01-1.60), and lower in unmarried person (OR 0.68; 95% CI 0.55-0.84) in the multivariable analysis. The most frequent purpose for seeking TKM and receiving treatment was to 'treat illness'.In addition, the use herbal medicine among types of TKM is statistically significant in sexual groupings.748(60.4%) among TKM users responded that they had a satisfying experience during TKM treatment. In multivariable logistic model, the odds of satisfaction from using TKM were higher in employed groups(OR 1.34; 95% CI 1.02-1.77), the reason for using of personalized medicine into TKM(OR 1.50; 95% CI 1.00-2.26). Conclusion : Korean traditional medicine doctors need to develop and provide the personalized medicine for the group of high utilization rate and satisfaction, and make strategies to disseminate TKM utilization for the group of lower utilization.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.39-47
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare unsafe sex experiences of multicultural and non-multicultural adolescents. Methods: The study analyzed the data of 3,029 respondents who responded that they had sex in the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey of 2018. Weighted percentages and simple and multiple logistic regression were conducted using SAS 9.2. Results: As a result of univariate analysis, the odds ratio of unsafe sex was significantly higher in multicultural adolescents, but the difference between the two groups was not significant after controlling for the related variables. Among the covariates, the odds of unsafe sex were significantly higher in boys (AOR: 1.34; 95% CI: 1.08~1.66), those who did not live with their family (AOR: 1.68; 95% CI: 1.17~2.39), those with low academic achievement (AOR: 1.33; 95% CI: 1.02~1.73), binge drinkers (AOR: 1.61; 95% CI: 1.29~2.02), smokers (AOR: 1.37; 95% CI: 1.06~1.78), and those who did not receive sex education (AOR: 1.59; 95% CI: 1.20~2.11). Conclusion: There was no significant difference in unsafe sex experience between multicultural and non-multicultural adolescents. This study also shows the positive effect of school sex education on safe sex in teenagers. It is necessary to strengthen sex education for male students, students not living with their family, students with low academic achievement, binge drinkers, and smokers.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.573-582
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to investigate pregnancy, abortion and delivery rates among Korean teenagers. The subjects of this study were 11,433 teenagers aged 13-19 years in Seoul, Pusan, Taegu, Kwangju, Incheon, Taejeon and Ansan, Korea. Data were collected from Feb. 1994 to May 1995, 16 months, by schoolnurses or the researchers. The results showed pregnancy rate was 7.2 per 1,000 teenagers, the abortion rate was 4.3 per 1,000 teenagers, and the delivery rate was 1.2 per 1,000 teenagers. In the pregnancy experience, the main factors related to teenage pregnancy were love or marriage engagement. In the abortion experience, 53.9% of teenagers had had more than two abortion experiences, 38.1% midtrimester abortion, 22% complications after abortion, 36.0% sexual activity after abortion and 86.7% the financial support from partners or friends for abortion. In the delivery experience, 64.3% of teenagers delivered with no prenatal care and 42.9% had a delay in realizing they were pregnant. Fifty percent were delivered by non-professionals in non-medical institutions.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.63-73
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• 1985

Ratio of physically and mentally handicapped people among the total population is about 3∼4%. Regardless of the extent of seriousness of handicaps, they have to sustain various difficulties in their life time and pose challenging problems to their homes, community and nation. In the spectrum of their problems, measures such as treatment, rehabilitation and welfare work all occupied important part but most significant measure is the prevention. Such handicaps items from health care of maternal and child, mostly causes throughout the process of pregnancy, delivery and upbringing. And then this study is focused on the pregnant history of the mothers with handicapped children. The objective of this study is to identify the basic factors which can create a handicapped child during pregnancy and is to prevent the birth of such a child. For this study, 301 mothers who have handicapped children were selected, now receiving various training at 5 rehabilitation and educational facilities. And questionnaires distributed to them during the period of Oct, 1983 to Dec, 14. The collected responses have been analized in terms of significant numbers, percentage and metic average. Their related results are as follows: 1. The sexual ratio between the male and female was 58.5% compare 41.5%. The average age of the handicapped children was 10.1 years old and that of mothers at the time of the children's birth was 28.9 old years. They were born as 2.14th in their family, the ratio of antenatal care for pregnant mothers was 36.2% and 22.9% were abnormally delivered. 37.9% out of the total were born from mothers with ages above 35 years and as their first baby. 2. The time of confirming the handicapped nature of children was during babyhood by 97.1% and discovery of these misfortunes were made by chance. As for causes of those-handicapped status 20.9% disease from complication, 15.3% from difficulties experience at the time of delivery, 11.3% from heredity and 10% were results of drug abuse during pregnancy, and 49.8% of the handicapped children were mentally retarded.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.47-63
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• 2013

This study deals with a counseling case in which a mother requested counseling due to the problems of her daughter, who suffers from multiple tic disorder. The participants of this study included five family members (grandmother, father, mother and two female children) and a total of 23 sessions were held from September 2006 to December 2007. Additional counseling ($24^{th}$ counseling session) was conducted on April 1st, 2009. The data was based on recorded transcripts and notes from 24 family therapy sessions. The study used a constant comparative analysis, which uses matrix and network display as an analysis method suggested by Miles&Huberman(1994). The characteristics of the family of origin and the indifference of the husband had caused the wife stress. The couple had frequent conflicts due to dysfunctional communication methods, a clash of values, sexual dissatisfaction, and a lack of communication. This marital conflict became the primary factor of the daughter's multiple tic disorder. Intervention of the family therapist resulted in the setting of treatment goals based on MRI's communication theory and Bowen's family systems theory in order to solve the problem of the daughter's multiple tic disorder. Also, the therapist's intervention techniques included exploring experiences with the family of origin, shedding light on the multigenerational transmission process, exploring dysfunctional attempts at solutions, the therapist's self-disclosure, providing similar cases, dealing with resistance, and suggesting a new communication method. To solve the problem, the therapist helped the family separate the daughter spatially from her parents. Therefore, the therapist's intervention helped reduce the daughter's tics and improve relationships among the family.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.165-170
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• 2016

Background: Nurses are the most visible, frontline personnel providing health education to patients. In particular, nurse experience with Pap examinations have the potential to influence women's attitudes toward screening for cervical cancer. However, nurses in Taiwan have lower rates of Pap testing than the general population. Understanding the factors predicting nurse intent to have a Pap exam and Pap exam status would inform interventions and policies to increase their Pap exam uptake. Therefore, the present study was undertaken. Materials and Methods: Data were collected by questionnaire from a convenient sample of 504 nurses at a regional hospital in central Taiwan between August and October 2011 and analyzed by descriptive statistics, confirmatory factor analysis, and logistic regression. Results: Nurse intention to have a Pap exam was predicted by younger age, less negative attitudes toward Pap exams, and greater influence of others recommendations. However, nurses were more likely to actually have had a Pap exam if they were older, married, had sexual experience, and had a high intention to have a Pap exam. Conclusions: Nurses who are younger than 34 years old, unmarried, sexually inexperienced, and with low intention to have a Pap exam should be targeted with interventions to educate them not only about the importance of Pap exams in detecting cervical cancer, but also about strategies to decrease pain and embarrassment during exams. Nurses with less negative attitudes and experiences related to Pap exams would serve as role models to persuade women to have Pap exams, thus increasing the uptake rate of Pap exams in Taiwan.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.2241-2247
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• 2012

Objective: This qualitative study retrospectively examined the experience and psychological impact of contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (CPM) among Southern Chinese females with unilateral breast cancer history who underwent BRCA1/2 genetic testing. Limited knowledge is available on this topic especially among Asians; therefore, the aim of this study was to acquire insight from Chinese females' subjective perspectives. Methods: A total of 12 semi-structured in-depth interviews, with 11 female BRCA1/BRCA 2 mutated gene carriers and 1 non-carrier with a history of one-sided breast cancer and genetic testing performed by the Hong Kong Hereditary Breast Cancer Family Registry, who subsequently underwent CPM, were assessed using thematic analysis and a Stage Conceptual Model. Breast cancer history, procedures conducted, cosmetic satisfaction, pain, body image and sexuality issues, and cancer risk perception were discussed. Retrieval of medical records using a prospective database was also performed. Results: All participants opted for prophylaxis due to their reservations concerning the efficacy of surveillance and worries of recurrent breast cancer risk. Most participants were satisfied with the overall results and their decision. One-fourth expressed different extents of regrets. Psychological relief and decreased breast cancer risk were stated as major benefits. Spouses' reactions and support were crucial for post-surgery sexual satisfaction and long-term adjustment. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that thorough education on cancer risk and realistic expectations of surgery outcomes are crucial for positive adjustment after CPM. Appropriate genetic counseling and pre-and post-surgery psychological counseling were necessary. This study adds valuable contextual insights into the experiences of living with breast cancer fear and the importance of involving spouses when counseling these patients.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.499-510
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• 2020

This study aims to analyze the causes of Internet hate speech, which has recently been emerging as a serious social problem and to seek for countermeasures. The experiences of hate speech are examined through the analysis of college students' essays and the causes and solutions of hate speech are suggested through the in-depth interviews with the experts. College students experience hate speech on the Internet on the basis of attributes such as age, gender, sexual orientation, and regionalism. Online comments on news, social media and online games are the main sources in spreading hate speech. On a personal level the lack of awareness of human dignity and the absence of media education are diagnosed as the reasons for online hate speech. The social reasons for online hate speech lie in the lack of human rights education and the problems of the media. In order to improve the problems of Internet hate speech, various suggestions are proposed on the legal, social and educational levels.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.499-508
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this survey was to investigate emergency department nurses' recognition of forensics nursing and their educational needs for forensics nursing education. Methods: Data were collected via questionnaires from 167 emergency department nurses who were working in 7 university hospitals. Nurses' experiences of trauma or accidents and their recognition of and educational needs for forensic nursing education were assessed. Results: All subjects reported having suffered bodily injury due to falling or serious traffic accidents; 92.2% reported having suffered bodily injury caused by suicide attempts; 91.6% reported having experienced physical violence or abuse; 76.0% reported having experienced sexual assault or abuse; 68.9% reported having experienced some difficulties during their nursing care due to lack of forensics knowledge; and 88.6% reported never having been trained in forensics nursing. The educational needs score for "forensics nursing" was 3.61; the needs score for "abuse- and violence-related education" was 3.65; the needs score for "incident data collection related education" was 3.47; and the needs score for "forensics theory related education" was 3.34. Conclusion: The findings of the study underscore a strong need to develop an educational program on forensics nursing for emergency department nurses.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.91-97
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• 2000

The conventional model did not take momentum conservation into consideration when the electron absorbs and emits the photons. II-ray provides momentum conservations on any directions of the entering photons, and also the electrons have radial momentum conservations and fully elastic bouncing between two atoms, in the new atom model. Conventional atom model must be criticized on the following four points. (1) Natural motions between positive and negative entities are not circular motions but linear going and returning ones, for examples sexual motion, tidal motion, day and night etc. Because the radius of hydrogen atom's electron orbit is the order of 10$^{-11}$ m and the radia of the nucleons in the nucleus are the order of 10$^{-l4}$m and then the converging n-gamma rays to the nucleus have so great circular momentum, the electron can not have a circular motion. We can say without doubt that any elementary mass particle can have only linear motion because of the n-rays' hindrances, near the nucleus. (2) Potential energy generation was neglected when electron changes its orbit from outer one to inner one. The h v is the kinetic energy of the photo-electron. The total energy difference between orbits comprises kinetic and potential energies. (3) The structure of the space must be taken into consideration because the properties of the electron do not change during the transition from outer orbit to inner one even though it produces photon. (4) Total energy conservation law applies to the energy flow between mind and matter because we daily experiences a interconnection between mind and body. An understanding of the mechanisms responsible for the control of normal proliferation and differentiation of the various cell types which make up the human body will undoubtedly allow a greater insight into the abnormal growth of cells, A large body of biochemical evidence was eventually used to generate a receptor model with an external ligand binding domain linked through a single trans-membrane domain to the cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase and autophosphory-lation domains. The ligand induced conformational change in the external domain generates either a push-pull or rotational signal which is transduced from the outside to the inside of cell.l.ell.