• 한국작물학회지
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• 제55권3호
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• pp.195-199
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• 2010

This experiment was conducted to develop optimum sesame cultivation practices as succeeding cropping system of watermelon in the greenhouse condition. We also compared major components in sesame seed cultivated in the greenhouse and open field condition. The adaptable varieties under the greenhouse condition were white sesame 'Pyoungan' and black sesame 'Jinki' which showed higher yield and disease resistance. We also conducted several experiments to determine optimum sowing date, planting density and pinching time. Grain yields were statistically different according to the several sowing dates. In general, sesame sowing on June 30th showed higher grain yields than July 10th, July 20th and July 30th in the greenhouse. We also found out sesame cultivation practice with the row spacing of 40 cm and interplant spacing of 30 cm (a few branch type) or 40 cm (many branch type) showed higher yield than other treatments. Optimum pinching time was 25 days after first flowering in main stem when thousand seed weight and grain yield were highest. In the comparison of major components of sesame at the different cultivation conditions, sesame seeds cultivated in the greenhouse contained 4% much more oil content than open field condition. The lignan compounds, sesamin and sesamolin were also higher by 6% in the greenhouse than open field condition. It was concluded that sesame cultivation practices as succeeding cropping system of watermelon in the greenhouse condition guaranteed higher grain yield with less labor input which is now emerging alternative farming practice system in present aging rural society and will also give sesame cultivation farmers to increase net income in Korea.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.173-178
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• 2001

본 연구는 포도씨의 영양성분을 분석하여 식용유지 자원 등으로서의 가능성을 검토하고 우수자원을 발굴하기 위하여 시행되었다. 포도씨의 전체 영양 성분을 분석한 결과 수분은 10.1%, 조단백질 11.7%, 조지방질 29.7%, 조회분 2.53%, 및 총 당 4.38 ${\mu}g/mg$, 환원당 3.96 ${\mu}g/mg$ 등의 평균함량을 나타내었다. 지방산 조성은 리놀렌산이 가장 많아 평균 66.15%를 차지하고 있으며 그 다음으로 을레인산>팔미트산>스테아르산의 순으로 구성되어 있고 리놀레닉산은 아주 적은 량을 함유하고 있었다. 중성지방질의 평균 함량은 85.4%, 당지방질은 6.50%, 그리고 인지방질은 8.06%로 나타나 전반적으로 포도씨 지방질은 중성지방질의 주성분에 인지방질과 당지방질이 소량으로 구성되어 있음을 알 수 있다. 포도씨 조지방질의 평균 검화가는 187.5을 나타내 들깨 기름 보다는 낮고 참깨 기름 보다는 높은 검화가를 나타내었다. 포도씨 기름의 항산화력이 참깨 또는 들깨씨 기름보다 우수하여 1,1,-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DDPH) 환원 능력에 있어서 각각 12 및 50% 높은 항산화 능력을 나타내었다. 항산화 물질과 페놀 함량에 있어서 참깨유 또는 들깨유보다도 많은 량을 함유하고 있다. 암흑 또는 햇빛 보관 조건에 관계없이 포도씨 기름이 참깨나 들깨 보다 낮은 산패도를 나타내고 있어 상당히 높은 산화 안정성을 보이고 있다. 또한 $150^{\circ}C$ 열처리를 가한 다음 산패도를 측정하였을 때도 포도씨 기름은 이들보다도 낮은 산패도를 나타내고 있다. 이러한 우수한 산화 안정성은 포도씨에 많이 함유되어 있는 항산화 물질과 관계가 되는 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제51권spc1호
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• pp.304-309
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• 2006

Near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) was used to develop a rapid and nondestructive method for the determination of fatty acid composition in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) seed oil. A total of ninety-three samples of intact seeds were scanned in the reflectance mode of a scanning monochromator, and reference values for fatty acid composition were measured by gas-liquid chromatography. Calibration equations were developed using modified partial least square regression with internal cross validation (n=63). The equations obtained had low standard errors of cross-validation and moderate $R^2$ (coefficient of determination in calibration). Prediction of an external validation set (n=30) showed significant correlation between reference values and NIRS estimated values based on the SEP (standard error of prediction), $r^2$ (coefficient of determination in prediction) and the ratio of standard deviation (SD) of reference data to SEP. The models developed in this study had relatively higher values (more than 2.0) of SD/SEP(C) for oleic and linoleic acid, having good correlation between reference and NIRS estimate. The results indicated that NIRS, a nondestructive screening method could be used to rapidly determine fatty acid composition in sesame seeds in the breeding programs for high quality sesame oil.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.543-553
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• 2017

Sesame (Sesamum indicum) is an important oil seed crop of Asia. Yields can be negatively impacted by various factors, including disease, particularly those caused by fungi which create problems in both production and storage. Foliar diseases of sesame such as Alternaria leaf blight may cause significant yield losses, with reductions in plant health and seed quality. The work reported here determined the incidence of Alternaria species infecting sesame seeds grown in the Punjab, Pakistan. A total of 428 Alternaria isolates were obtained from 105 seed samples and grouped into 36 distinct taxonomic groups based on growth pattern and morphological characters. Isolation frequency and relative density of surface sterilized and non-surface sterilized seeds showed that three isolates (A13, A47 and A215) were the most common morphological groups present. These isolates were further identified using sequencing of the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region of ribosomal DNA (rDNA) and the Alternaria major allergen gene (Alt a 1). Whilst ITS of rDNA did not resolve the isolates into Alternaria species, the Alt a 1 sequences exhibited > 99% homology with Alternaria alternata (KP123850.1) in GenBank accessions. The pathogenicity and virulence of these isolates of Alternaria alternata was confirmed in inoculations of sesame plants resulting in typical symptoms of leaf blight disease. This work confirms the identity of a major source of sesame leaf blight in Pakistan which will aid in formulating effective disease management strategies.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.19-27
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• 1976

Perilla (frutescens) seed oil, which is widely used as a source of vegetable oil in Korea, contains a strikingly large amount (58.4% of total fatty acids) of polyunsaturated linolenic acid (18 : 3) which is one of the essential fatty acids. Our hypothesis was that vitamin E contained in this oil would not be enough to prevent peroxidation of this polyunsaturated oil. A comparative study was carried out using rats and chicks devided into seven groups with various diet combinations emphasizing fat sources for the period of four weeks. The level of fat in each diet was 15% and animals were fed ad libitum. Various diet combinations were as follows; perilla seed oil and sesame seed oil with and without vitamin E supplementation, tallow as a saturated fat source and perilla seed hull group (10% at the expense of carbohydrate). The fat constituents of control group were consisted of 50% vegetable oil and 50% animal fat. A few important findings are as follows: 1. Rats fed perilla seed oil lost their hair focally around the neck and suffered from a bad skin lesion at the same place. In chicks, yellow pigmentation both of feather and of skin was clearly observed only in groups fed perilla seed oil with or without vitamin E supplementation. The basis of biochemical mechanisms of this phenomena remains as an important research interest. 2. The mean value for hematocrit was significantly lower for the chicks fed perilla seed oil than for those fed control diet. This result seems to be attributable to the effect on the red cell membrane known as peroxidation-hemolysis of vitamin E deficiency. 3. The serum cholesterol level was higher for the rats fed perilla seed oil than for those fed control diet, whereas in chicks the group fed perilla seed oil showed lower value than the control group indicating that different animal species could vary in their responses to the same diet. 4. In pathological examinations, the sign of hepatic fibrosis was seen in the perilla seed hull group and it was noticeable that the level of hepatic RNA was significantly increased in the rat recovering from vitamin E deficiency. It is hoped that more detailed studies on perilla seed oil and hulls will soon be carried out in many aspects especially i) at various levels of fat in the diet, ii) in relation to dietary selenium level and iii) to find an optimum level of dietary essential fatty acids in terms of P/S ratio using various animal species. In the mean time, the public should be informed to preserve this particular oil with care to minimize fatty acid oxidation and should be discouraged from overconsuming this oil. This study was supported by UB (United Board) Research Grant (Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea)

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.246-252
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• 1996

참깨를 여러 가지 조건에서 유은 다음 참기름을 채취하고 남은 참깨박의 이화학적인 특성의 변화를 펄사하였다. $210^{\circ}C$에서 10분간 처리한 경우 참깨약과 참기름의 최고수율은 각각 50.1%및 46.9%이었고 참깨박에 잔류되는 시름은 8.4%로 가장 낮았다. 참깨박중의 단백질 함량은 볶음온도가 높아지고 볶음시간이 길어짐에 따라 점차 감소하였다. 참깨박의 아미노산함량은 볶음조건에 따라 점차 감소하였으며 가장 크게 감소한 아미노산은 serine, cystine, Iysine이었다. 유리당을 분석 한 결과 sucrose, glucose, fructose가 각각 162.6mg%, 37.7mg%, 18.7mg% 함유되었고 유음온도가 높아지고 볶음시간이 길어짐에 따라 그 함량은 현저히 감소하였다. 수용성 갈색색소는 볶음온도가 $190^{\circ}C$인 경우는 3개의 분획(분획 I, II, III)으로 뚜렷하게 나누어졌으나 볶음온도가 높아지고 유음시간이 길어짐에 따라 분획 II는 점차 불분명해졌다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.217-223
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• 2021

Vegetable oils are a rich source of bioactive substances. Phytosterols in those have been known for many years for their properties for reducing blood cholesterol levels, as well as their other beneficial health effects. Phytosterols are triterpenes that are important structural components of plant cell membranes just as cholesterol does in animal cell membranes. The aim of this study was to provide consumers with information about phytosterol contents in vegetable oils in Korea market. The contents of major phytosterols (campesterol, stigmasterol, β-sitosterol) in 50 vegetable oils of 10 kinds (perilla oil, peanut oil, avocado oil, olive oil, pine nut oil, sesame oil, canola oil, coconut oil, grape seed oil, and sunflower oil) were analyzed by gas chromatography with flame ionization detector. The average contents of vegetable oils containing 5 or more samples were in the order of sesame oil (334.43 mg/100 g), perilla oil (262.16 mg/100 g), grape seed oil (183.71 mg/100 g), and olive oil (68.68 mg/100 g). Phytosterol content of sesame oil and perilla oil was high among vegetable oils.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.365-369
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• 1985

참기름중(中) 부감화물은 RWE가 3.1%이고 RTE는 2.6%이며 전(全) sterol은 RTP가 0.68%이고 RTE가 0.48%이며 전(全) sterol중(中) free sterol이 37.9 $(RTP){\sim}52.7%(RTE)$로서 sterylglycoside 및 sterylester보다 그 함량(含量)이 많다. 참기름중(中) total sterol의 구성 sterol조성(組成)은 $39.3{\sim}42.9%$의 sitosterol, $13.0{\sim}17.2%$의 ${\Delta}^5-avenasterol$, $9.1{\sim}11.0%$의 campesterol 및 $7.4{\sim}11.5%$의 stigmasterol이며 $23.5{\sim}24.6%$의 미지(未知)sterol (RRT:1.35)도 함유(含有)되어 있었고 sterylglycoside는 total sterol의 sterol조성(組成)과 거의 같은 경향(傾向)이었으나 free sterol과 sterylester는 ${\Delta}^5-avenasterol$이 $8.1{\sim}11.4%$로서 campesterol 및 stigmasterol보다 함유비(含有比)가 낮았다. 한편 채유방법별(採油方法別) sterol조성(組成)은 차이(差異)가 거의 없었다.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 1994년도 추계 학술대회지
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• pp.62-63
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• 1994

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.44-53
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• 1977

The Korean origin edible oil sterol part of the rape, sesame and perilla oil can be separated from the other constituents of the non-saponifiable fraction, by the thin layer chromatography on the preparative Plates. The composition of sterols have been determined by gas liquid chromatography and thin layer chromatographic anlysis. Two sterols, ${\beta}$-sitosterol and campesterol were present in all of the oils. And brassicasterol were found in rapeseed oil in addition to the two sterols that were common to all of the oils studied. It was noted that ${\beta}$-sitosterol was the major sterol in the Korean original edible oils. The results showed that contents of sterols were campesterol 24.31%, ${\beta}$-sitosterol 58.90% ana Brassicasterol 11.54%, and $\Delta^7$-sterol 5.25% by method of triangulation and campesterol 26.16%, ${\beta}$-sitosterol 57.50%, brassicasterol 11.70% and ${\Delta}^7$-sterol 4.64% by method of Planimetry of rape seed oil. By sesame seed oil sterol compositions were campesterol 20.35%, stigmasterol 9.15%, ${\beta}$-sitosterol 43.49%, ${\Delta}^7$-sterol 11.25% and others 15.76% by method of triangulation and campesterol 16.79%, stigmasterol 8.69%, ${\beta}$-sitosterol 44.58%, ${\Delta}^7$-sterol 14.28% and others 15.56% by method of planimetry. Campesterol 12.45%, stigmasteriol 5.40%, ${\beta}$-sitosterol 72.32% and ${\Delta}^7$-Sterol 9.83% by method of triangulation-and campesterol 13.00%, stigmasterol 3.76%, ${\beta}$-sitosterol 74.57% and ${\Delta}^7$ sterols 8.67% by method of planimetry of perilla oil. Contents of totalsterol in Korean edible oils were 0.82% by rape, 0.58% by sesame and 0.45% by perilla, respectively.