• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.99-106
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• 2004

The purpose of the study is to propose architectural design standards of the cafeteria planning in educational facilities. In the spatial organization planning, the preferred location of the cafeteria is on the first floor and the types of the floor plan are followed by the forms and space structure of the school building. The area of the cafeteria is related to the size of seating area per person. The direction must sublate northern faced. In interior moving lines for service, the arrange of dining tables has to reflect distance of dining tables or location of pillars. The dining space should better have more than two entrances in terms of occupancy type and convenience. Thus the serving line has to be planed thoughtfully by various factors to avoid confusion caused in serving process. In multipurpose use of the cafeteria, it is feasible when hygiene and management is considered.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers A
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.143-151
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• 2000

Electric power distribution feeders are susceptible to faults caused by a variety of situations such as adverse weather conditions, tree contacts, equipment failure, accidents, etc. Distribution circuit faults result in a number of problems related to the reliability of service and customer power quality. In the distribution line, the permanent interruption of customer service resulting from a blown fuse or a recloser lockout was the only factor which was used to determine service reliability. On underground distribution line, the serving of cables by earth-moving equipment is a prevalent cause of faults and the most cable faults quickly develop into bolted current. we introduce th multi-circuit breaker coordination methods in the Underground Distribution Line.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.297-304
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• 2003

As the high speed rail to be opened at 2004, the. railroad will dominate over the transportation market in the Seoul-Busan corridor compared to road transport. But, it is obvious that the LOS(level of service) of railroad at 2004 will be worse in the areas that are not served KTX. For the speed-up of conventional line, it is a worldwide trend that tilting trains are served on the conventional railway line. That is the reason serving tilting trains is very efficient to use existing facilities and improve cruise time when capacity is available. In this paper, we suggest 10 routes are replaced with present operating trains(saemaeul, mugunghwa) by the tilting train.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.990-1006
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• 1997

This paper describes an interface function and its performance assessment for high-bit-rate digital subscriber line (HDSL) under ATM. The interface of HDSL function of ATM system was achieved by HDSL subscriber physical layer board assembly(HSPA) which was modeled as design standard for ATM. We have presented a new worst case of subscriber line conditions from existing results of investigations on impairments such as crosstalk, impulse noise, longitudinal, power line noise and others. We have measured the maximum service loop length available by HDSL, and found that HSPA, at a 2.048Mbps data transmission, is possible within a carrier serving area(CSA) under the worst case loop noise conditions at an error rate or 10$^{-7}$ on a two coordinated unshielded twisted pairs in the presense of impairments. We conclude tht, in terms of a performance-per-lin simulator, the HSPA is an excellent candidate for HDSL implementation under ATM.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.1562-1574
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• 1998

We, in this paper, have implemented T1, E1 and fractional E1 HDSL(High-bit-rate digital subscriber line) function over an ATM switching system. The maxi$\mu$ loop lengths for subscriber service and cell loss rates to meet the bit error rate of 10$^{-7}$ at transmission of 2B1Q HDSL data E1 rate over existing telephone copper wires in the presence of the significant impairments such as NEXT(Nearned crosstalk), impulse noise, power line noise and longitudinal over the CSAs environment consisting of 26 gauge and 25 gauge unloaded copper telephone lines has assessed. HDSL will intially be used to serve private-DS1, ISDN-BRA, and DLC feeders, later DS1 extension from optic fiber cable. We also present market provision for the HDSL.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.112-124
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• 2013

This study was conducted to investigate how child-care teachers participate, practice mealtime instruction, and perceive difficulties in food service, focusing on comparison between the teachers caring two different age groups: children younger than three years (Younger Group) and those three years or older (Older Group). Questionnaires were distributed to 151 child-care centers in Kwanak-gu, Seoul, Korea during December, 2011. Only the data from 25 child-care centers, where two respective teachers in charge of Younger Group and Older Group completed the questionnaires, were analyzed. The results showed that there was no difference in terms of child-care teachers' participation in food service practice between the two groups, except for serving method; 'Pre-plated' serving was used significantly more often in Younger Group, whereas 'Line-up' serving was used in Older Group. Approximately, three quarters of the child-care centers had policies or guidelines on mealtime instruction. During mealtime, child-care teachers tended to use frequently verbal instructions such as "sit up straight when you eat" about eating manner, "don't be picky with your food" about eating habit, and "wash your hands before eating" about eating procedure in both the groups. There was no statistically significant difference regarding child-care teachers' perceived difficulties in food service between the two groups. These results indicated that child-care teachers' participation and mealtime instruction in food service did not differ between the two age groups, although children's development of digestion and eating skill differed by age. Therefore, training should be provided to child-care teachers about food service practices and mealtime instruction appropriate to children's age.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.242-245
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• 2014

The flow behaviors of three thickened fruit juices (orange, apple, and grape juice) prepared with a commercial instant xanthan gum (XG)-based thickener that is marketed in Korea were investigated at different thickener concentrations (1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%, 2.5%, 3.0%, and 3.5%) and setting times (5 and 30 min) using a rheometer and a line-spread measurement method. The flow distance values measured by the line-spread test (LST) were compared with the apparent viscosity (${\eta}_{a,50}$) values measured with a sophisticated computer-controlled rheometer. The ${\eta}_{a,50}$ values of the juices increased as thickener concentration increased, whereas their flow distances decreased. The ${\eta}_{a,50}$ values at the 30-min setting time were much higher than those at the 5-min setting time, indicating that the setting time before serving or consuming thickened juices can affect viscosity values. Plots comparing ${\eta}_{a,50}$ values to LST flow distances revealed strong exponential relationships between the two measures ($R^2$=0.989 and $R^2$=0.987 for the 5- and 30-min setting times, respectively). These results indicate that the LST can be a suitable instrument for evaluating the viscosity of thickened fruit juices prepared with different XG-based thickener concentrations and setting times for the dysphagia diet.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2006.07b
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• pp.1124-1125
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• 2006

Railroad business had repeated continuous development. Is developing old line improvement skill that technique aging of railroad and hangup of transport capacity decline are happened and minimum expense is spent. Developed skill and equipment are important and examination and by this are important. Therefore, examine skill and examination formality of equipment, examination item, examination kind etc.. developed serving speed elevation of old line in treatise.

• Information and Communications Magazine
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.104-117
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• 1997

본 고에서는 ATM(Asynchronous Transfer Mod) 교환기에 4선식의 HDSL 정합기능을 구현하고, 기존의 음성전화 가입자 서비스 매체로서 완전 동 선로를 이용하여 HDSL(High-rate Digital Subscriber Line) 서비스를 제공하기 위한 가입자 서비스 루프 거리 및 셀 손실 성능을 평가하였다. 이 평가는 전이중 2B1Q 전송 방식을 지원하는 HDSL 정합장치를 통하여 누화, 임펄스 등 구리전화선(copper telephone line)에 존재하는 중요한 전송 손실을 감안한 CSA(Carrier Serving Area)환경에서 각각 26게이지 <0.4 mm> 선로와 24 게이지(0.5 mm) 페어 선로를 이용하여 E1 급(2.048 Mbps)데이터 전송할 때 $10^7$의 셀 손실 율을 만족하는 가입자 서비스 루프 거리를 평가하였다. 또한, ATM 시스템 하의 시범환경에서 MPEG-1급 주문형 비디오서비스, 영상회의 서비스 및 고속 인터넷 접속 서비스 등의 대표적인 서비스 데모를 실시하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.263-269
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• 1998

This study was investigated to see the microbiological results(total plate counts, coliforms) and vitamin C contents in cooking five kinds of raw and cooked vegetables, contributing to a data base for making better environment for foodservice, dividing cooking methods into two ways which was generally used at industrial foodservice institutions. Namul and Saengchae, especially Radish Saengchae, seasoned with red pepper powder after seasoning showed higher level of total plate counts and coliforms than guide line. After holding, just before serving, most Namul and Saengchae, except Bean sprout Muchim, showed higher microbiological level than guide line, Saengchae seasoned with soybean, salt, and red pepper paste and Radish Saengchae seasoned with salt and vinegar showed high level of vitamin C remaining rate. By the result of this study, better sanitary treatment and scientific cooking method is demanded when Namuls of Saenchaes are prepared with served in industrial foodservice institutions.