• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.66 no.4
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• pp.443-451
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• 2021

Finger millet (Eleusine coracana) is widely cultivated in tropical regions worldwide owing to its high nutritional value. Finger millet is more tolerant against biotic and abiotic stresses such as pests, drought, and salt than other millet crops; therefore, it was proposed as a candidate crop to adapt to climate change in Korea. In 2019, we used expressed sequence tag simple sequence repeat (EST-SSR) markers to evaluate the genetic diversity and structure of 102 finger millet accessions from two geographical regions (Africa and South Asia) to identify appropriate accessions and enhance crop diversity in Korea. In total, 40 primers produced 116 alleles, ranging in size from 135 to 457 bp, with a mean polymorphism information content (PIC) of 0.18225. Polymorphism was detected among the 40 primers, and 13 primers were found to have PIC values > 0.3. Principal coordinate and phylogenetic analyses, based on the combined data of both markers, grouped the finger millet accessions according to their respective collection areas.Therefore, the 102 accessions were classified into two groups, one from Asia and the other from Africa. We have conducted an in-depth study on the finger millet landrace pedigree. By sorting out and using the molecular characteristics of each pedigree, it will be useful for the management and accession identification of the plant resource. The novel SSR markers developed in this study will aid in future genetic analyses of E. coracana.

• The Korean Journal of Petroleum Geology
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• v.3 no.1 s.4
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• pp.1-15
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• 1995

Seismic reflection profiles and exploratory drilling well samples from the southern marginal-continental shelf basin of Korea delineate that the Tertiary sedimentary sequences can be grouped into five sequences (Sequence A, Sequence B, Sequence C, Sequence D and Sequence E, in descending order). Paleontologic data, K-Ar age datings, correlation with tuff layers and sequence stratigraphic analysis reveal that the sequences A, B, C, D and E can be considered as the deposits of Holocene $\~$ Pleistocene, Pliocene, Late Miocene, Early $\~$ Middle Miocene and Oligocene, respectively. The sequence stratigraphic and structural analyses suggest that the southern part of the Cheju Basin had experienced severe folding and faulting. NE-SW trending strike-slip movement is responsible for the deformation. The sinistral movement of strike-slip fault ceased before the deposition of Sequence B. Age dating and rare-earth elements analysis of volvanic rocks reveal+ that the Sequence D was deposited during the Early $\~$ Middle Miocene and the Sequence I was deposited earlier than the deposition of the Green Tuff Formation. Sedimentary petrological studies indicate that sediments of the Sequence I came from the continental block provenance. After the deposition of the Sequence E, uplift of the source area resulted in increase of sediment supply, subsidence and volcanic activities. The Sequence D show these factors and the sediments of the Sequence D are considered to be transported from the recycled orogenic belt.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.357-369
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• 2005

Streptococci are Gram-positive, facultative anaerobes and have no catalase activities. Among mutans streptococci containing ${\alpha}-type$ hemolytic activity, S. mutans is a causative agent for dental caries. As well as acid production yielding the demineralization of tooth enamel, adherence and colonization of S. mutans to the teeth are also important for its virulence. These early colonization are accomplished by the bacterial fibrillar protein, Antigen I/II (Ag I/II) and glucosyltransferase (GTF). Therefore, Ag I/II and GTF are reasonable targets for the development of vaccine against S. mutans GS-5. The ag I/II and gtfD genes from S. mutans GS-5 were cloned and sequenced. Sequence analyses showed the nucleotides sequence of cloned genes had high homology to the sequences previously reported. The sequence alignment of 280 nucleotides between the cloned Ag I/II and the available sequence of the corresponding S. mutans GS-5 showed the perfect match. Comparing with the sequence of gtfD from S. mutans UA159, the corresponding nucleotide sequence of S. mutans GS-5 showed some mismatches and the mismatches introduced changes in four residues out of 105 amino acids, yielding four missense mutations.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.607-616
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• 2006

Molecular characterization of ten marine cyanobacterial isolates belonging to the order Oscillatoriales was carried out using the phycocyanin locus (cpcBA-IGS) and the 16S-23S internally transcribed spacer region. DNA sequences from the phycocyanin operon discriminated ten genotypes, which corresponded to seven morphotypes identified by traditional microscopic analysis. The cpcB coding region revealed 17% nucleotide variation, while cpcA exhibited 29% variation across the studied species. Phylogenetic analyses support the conclusion that the Phormidium and Leptolyngbya genera are not monophyletic. The nucleotide variations were heterogeneously distributed with no or minimal informative nucleotides. Our results suggest that the discriminatory power of the phycocyanin region varies across the cyanobacterial species and strains. The DNA sequence analysis of the 16S-23S internally transcribed spacer region also supports the polyphyletic nature of the studied oscillatorian cyanobacteria. This study demonstrated that morphologically very similar strains might differ genotypically. Thus, molecular approaches comprising different gene regions in combination with morphological criteria may provide better taxonomical resolution of the order Oscillatoriales.

• Mycobiology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.68-73
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• 2003

Roots of Glycine max and Miscanthus sinensis and soil samples were collected from various field sites at Goesan, Chungbuk in Korea. Microscopic observations of the roots indicated high colonization rates of both arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF) and other fungi. The partial small subunit of ribosomal DNA genes were amplified with the genomic DNA extracted from their roots by nested polymerase chain reaction(PCR) with universal primer NS1 and fungal specific primers AML Restriction fragment length polymorphism(RFLP) was analyzed using the combinations of three restriction enzymes, HinfI, AluI and AsuC21. Nucleotides sequence analysis revealed that ten sequences from Miscanthus sinensis and one sequence from Glycine max were close to those of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Also, 33% of total clones amplified with NS31-AM1 primers from M. sinensis and 97% from G. max were close to Fusarium oxysporum or other pathogenic fungi, and they were successfully distinguished from AME Results suggested that these techniques could help to distinguish arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi from root pathogenic fungi in the plant roots. Especially, DNA amplified by these primers showed distinct polymorphisms between AMF and plant pathogenic species of Fusarium when digested with AsuC21.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.88-96
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• 2013

Purpose: This study identifies accident sequences from the past accidents in order to help the risk analysis application to the external radiotherapy. Materials and Methods: This study reviews 59 accidental cases in two retrospective safety analyses that have collected the incidents in the external radiotherapy extensively. Two accident analysis reports that accumulated past incidents are investigated to identify accident sequences including initiating events, failure of safety measures, and consequences. This study classifies the accidents by the treatments stages and sources of errors for initiating events, types of failures in the safety measures, and types of undesirable consequences and the number of affected patients. Then, the accident sequences are grouped into several categories on the basis of similarity of progression. As a result, these cases can be categorized into 14 groups of accident sequence. Results: The result indicates that risk analysis needs to pay attention to not only the planning stage, but also the calibration stage that is committed prior to the main treatment process. It also shows that human error is the largest contributor to initiating events as well as to the failure of safety measures. This study also illustrates an event tree analysis for an accident sequence initiated in the calibration. Conclusion: This study is expected to provide sights into the accident sequences for the prospective risk analysis through the review of experiences.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.124-130
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• 2009

Estimating genetic interaction effects in animal genomics would be one of the most challenging studies because the phenotypic variation for economically important traits might be largely explained by interaction effects among multiple nucleotide sequence variants under various environmental exposures. Genetic improvement of economic animals would be expected by understanding multi-locus genetic interaction effects associated with economic traits. Most analyses in animal breeding and genetics, however, have excluded the possibility of genetic interaction effects in their analytical models. This review discusses a historical estimation of the genetic interaction and difficulties in analyzing the interaction effects. Furthermore, two recently developed methods for assessing genetic interactions are introduced to animal genomics. One is the restricted partition method, as a nonparametric grouping-based approach, that iteratively utilizes grouping of genotypes with the smallest difference into a new group, and the other is the Bayesian method that draws inferences about the genetic interaction effects based on their marginal posterior distributions and attains the marginalization of the joint posterior distribution through Gibbs sampling as a Markov chain Monte Carlo. Further developing appropriate and efficient methods for assessing genetic interactions would be urgent to achieve accurate understanding of genetic architecture for complex traits of economic animals.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.391-397
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• 2014

Previously, we have reported expressed sequence tags (ESTs) analysis on the land snail, Nesiohelix samarangae (Ns). Of these ESTs, we have identified four partial fragments of N. samarangae cytochrome oxydase I (NsCO-I) gene which lead to obtain an 852 bp partial cDNA. Since NsCO-I is one of the best-known molecular phylogenetic markers, we have attempted to conduct comparative in silico analysis by using the NsCO-I gene. The combined results from BLAST analyses, multiple sequence alignment and molecular phylogenetic study of NsCO-I cDNA indicate that N. samarangae has similarity to three land snails such as Elona quimperiana, Euhadra herklotsi and Euhadra idzumonis.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.21-33
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• 2017

Citrus blast caused by bacterium Pseudomonas syringae is a very important disease of citrus occuring in many areas of the world, but with few data about genetic structure of the pathogen involved. Considering the above fact, this study reports genetic characterization of 43 P. syringae isolates obtained from plant tissue displaying citrus blast symptoms on mandarin (Citrus reticulata) in Montenegro, using multilocus sequence analysis of gyrB, rpoD, and gap1 gene sequences. Gene sequences from a collection of 54 reference pathotype strains of P. syringae from the Plant Associated and Environmental Microbes Database (PAMDB) was used to establish a genetic relationship with our isolates obtained from mandarin. Phylogenetic analyses of gyrB, rpoD, and gap1 gene sequences showed that P. syringae pv. syringae causes citrus blast in mandarin in Montenegro, and belongs to genomospecies 1. Genetic homogeneity of isolates suggested that the Montenegrian population might be clonal which indicates a possible common source of infection. These findings may assist in further epidemiological studies of this pathogen and for determining mandarin breeding strategies for P. syringae control.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.815-820
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• 2003

A huge database resulted from whole genome sequencing has provided a possibility of new information that is likely to extent the scope and thus changes the way of approach for the functional assigning of putative open reading frames annotated by whole genome sequence analyses. These are mainly realized by ease, one-step identification of putative genes using genomics or proteomics tools. A major challenge remained in biotechnology may translate these informations into better ways to screen or select a gene as a representative sequence. Further attempts to mine the related whole genes or partial DNA fragment from whole genome treasure, and then the incorporation of these sequences into a representative template, will result in the use of putative genes that can be translated into functional proteins or allowed the generation of new lineages as a valuable pool. Such screens enable rapid biochemical analysis and easy isolation of the target activity, thereby accelerating the screening of novel enzymes from the expanded library with related sequences. Information-based PCR amplification of whole genes and reconstitution of functional DNA fragments will provide a platform for expanding the functional spaces of potential enzymes, especially when used mixed- or metagenome as gene resources.