• 대한수의학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.560-565
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• 1999

The present work was conducted to investigate the drug susceptibility of microorganisms isolated from canine external ear canals. Antifungal susceptibility test of M pachydermatis (17 strains) was perfomed by agar dilution method, using 11 antifungal drugs including amphotericin B(A), nystatin(N), pimaricin(P), griseofulvin(G), bifonazole(B), clotrimazole(C), miconazole(M), econazole(E), ketoconazole(K), tolnaftate(T), 5-fluorocytosine(F). All isolates were highly sensitive to K, M, T(geometric mean MIC ; GM $MIC{\leq}0.16{\mu}g/ml$) but they weren't sensitive to P, F and G(GM $MIC{\geq}92.37{\mu}g/ml{\sim}{\geq}128{\mu}g/ml$). Antibacterial susceptibility test against 119 isolates of bacteria was performed by agar dilution method, using 9 antibacterial drugs including erythromycin(ET), chloramphenicol(CP), gentamycin(G), vancomycin(V), ampicillin(AP), amoxacillin(AX), chlortetracycline(CT), ciprofloxacin(CF), enrofloxacin(EF). All isolates of Staphylococcus spp(101 strains) were highly sensitive to EF, CF, G(GM MIC $0.33{\sim}1.47{\mu}g/ml$). In other gram positive cocci(4 strains), they were highly sensitive to EF, CF, V(GM MIC $1{\sim}4.76{\mu}g/ml$) and CT(GM MIC 1 UFL unit/ml). In gram positive rods(13 strains), they were highly sensitive to EF, CF, G(GM $MIC{\leq}0.19{\sim}1{\mu}g/ml$). In Pseudomonas aeruginosa(1 strain), it was highly sensitive to AX, EF, ET, CF(GM MIC $0.06{\sim}1{\mu}g/ml$) and CT(GM MIC 1 UFL unit/ml). All isolates weren't sensitive to AP(GM MIC 16~>$32{\mu}g/ml$).

• 전기의세계
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.5-12
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• 1965

In the designs of the sensitive electronic devices such as phase sensitive detector, X-ray diffractometer, and neutron diffractometers, we must take into account the geometrical factors in a coil systems and extraneous stray fields. Input wave forms in such a sensitive electronic devices are often altered by the influence of these factors. Since the magnitude of the stray fields is generally very small, this affection may be removed by applying a good shielding but it is not ease to remove the affection from a geometrical factor. This affection must be however calculated by the theoretical methods and analytical solution in the equation of these factors. The fundamental purpose of this paper lie in the theoretical calculations and practical measurements of the geometrical factor in the coil systems, finite solenoid, and four point prove. In the heoretical calculations, the geometrical factors in the coil systems were calculated by applying the elliptic functions and in the contact points were calculated by applying the elliptic functions and in the contact points were calculated by applying the eigen functions and the infinite series. The measurements were carried out by using the sensitive electronic device made from author's design, as shown in the Fig. 9. The result of this work has verified the essential correctness of theoretical investigations and measuring techniques of geometrical factors on the design of sensitive electronic devices. It also has several advantages such that: (1) all the data obtained may give effective data to designer to work on the field of sensitive electronic devices or microelectronic devices, (2) it has evidently explained the characteristics of electrical investigations and physical definition, and has removed the conventional error of geometrical factors in the coil systems and contact points.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.217-224
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• 2017

Purpose: Although it is well known thatmortality and morbidity due to cardiovascular diseases are higher in salt-sensitive subjects than in salt-resistant subjects, their underlying mechanisms related to obesity remain unclear. Here, we focused on salt-sensitive gene variants unrelated to monogenic obesity that interacted with sodium intake in humans. Methods: This review was written based on the modified $3^rd$ step of Khans' systematic review. Instead of the literature, subject genes were based on candidate genes screened from our preliminary Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS). Finally, literature related to five genes strongly associated with salt sensitivity were analyzed to elucidate the mechanism of obesity. Results: Salt sensitivity is a measure of how blood pressure responds to salt intake, and people are either salt-sensitive or salt-resistant. Otherwise, dietary sodium restriction may not be beneficial for everyone since salt sensitivity may be associated with inherited susceptibility. According to our previous GWAS studies, 10 candidate genes and 11 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with salt sensitivity were suggested, including angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), ${\alpha}$-adducin1 (ADD1), angiotensinogen (AGT), cytochrome P450 family 11-subfamily ${\beta}$-2 ($CYP11{\beta}$-2), epithelial sodium channel (ENaC), G-protein b3 subunit (GNB3), G protein-coupled receptor kinases type 4 (GRK4 A142V, GRK4 A486V), $11{\beta}$-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type-2 (HSD $11{\beta}$-2), neural precursor cell-expressed developmentally down regulated 4 like (NEDD4L),and solute carrier family 12(sodium/chloride transporters)-member 3 (SLC 12A3). We found that polymorphisms of salt-sensitive genes such as ACE, $CYP11{\beta}$-2, GRK4, SLC12A3, and GNB3 may be positively associated with human obesity. Conclusion: Despite gender, ethnic, and age differences in genetics studies, hypertensive obese children and adults who are carriers of specific salt-sensitive genes are recommended to reduce their sodium intake. We believe that our findings can contribute to the prevention of early-onset of chronic diseases in obese children by facilitating personalized diet-management of obesity from childhood to adulthood.

• BMB Reports
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• 제56권2호
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• pp.78-83
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• 2023

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) has a markedly improved prognosis with the use of breakpoint cluster region-abelson 1 (BCR-ABL1) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (BCR-ABL1 TKIs). However, approximately 40% of patients are resistant or intolerant to BCR-ABL1 TKIs. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) is a hypoxia response factor that has been reported to be highly expressed in CML patients, making it a therapeutic target for BCR-ABL1 TKI-sensitive CML and BCR-ABL1 TKI-resistant CML. In this study, we examined whether HIF-1α inhibitors induce cell death in CML cells and BCR-ABL1 TKI-resistant CML cells. We found that echinomycin and PX-478 induced cell death in BCR-ABL1 TKIs sensitive and resistant CML cells at similar concentrations while the cell sensitivity was not affected with imatinib or dasatinib in BCR-ABL1 TKIs resistant CML cells. In addition, echinomycin and PX-478 inhibited the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), Akt, and extracellular-regulated protein kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) activation via suppression of BCR-ABL1 and Met expression in BCR-ABL1 sensitive and resistant CML cells. Moreover, treatment with HIF-1α siRNA induced cell death by inhibiting BCR-ABL1 and Met expression and activation of JNK, Akt, and ERK1/2 in BCR-ABL1 TKIs sensitive and resistant CML cells. These results indicated that HIF-1α regulates BCR-ABL and Met expression and is involved in cell survival in CML cells, suggesting that HIF-1α inhibitors induce cell death in BCR-ABL1 TKIs sensitive and resistant CML cells and therefore HIF-1α inhibitors are potential candidates for CML treatment.

• 공학교육연구
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.34-52
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• 2010

본 논문에서는 공과대학에서 성인지적 교수전략을 활용한 수업실태를 분석하였고, 성인지적 교수전략을 활용한 수업이 공과대학 학생의 수업 만족도와 자기주도성에 미치는 효과를 검증하였다. 성인지적 교수전략을 활용한 수업실태를 분석한 결과, 거의 모든 항목에서 실험집단의 평균이 통제집단의 평균보다 높은 편이었다. 성인지적 교수전략을 활용한 수업의 효과를 검증한 결과, 성 인지적 교수전략을 활용한 수업은 전체 실험집단 공대학생의 수업 만족도에 통계적으로 긍정적인 영향을 미치지않는 것으로 나타났지만, 실험집단 가운데 B1 실험집단의 수업 만족도에 통계적으로 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 한편, 성인지적 교수전략을 활용한 수업은 실험집단 공대학생의 자기주도성 하위요인인 학습전략적 측면과 실험집단 공대남학생의 자기주도성 총점에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 특히, 실험집단인 B1집단 공대학생과 공대남학생의 자기주도성에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤다.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.520-534
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• 2004

As the density of memories increases, unwanted interference between cells and the coupling noise between bit-lines become significant, requiring parallel testing. Testing high-density memories for a high degree of fault coverage requires either a relatively large number of test vectors or a significant amount of additional test circuitry. This paper proposes a new tiling method and an efficient built-in self-test (BIST) algorithm for neighborhood pattern-sensitive faults (NPSFs) and new neighborhood bit-line sensitive faults (NBLSFs). Instead of the conventional five-cell and nine-cell physical neighborhood layouts to test memory cells, a four-cell layout is utilized. This four-cell layout needs smaller test vectors, provides easier hardware implementation, and is more appropriate for both NPSFs and NBLSFs detection. A CMOS column decoder and the parallel comparator proposed by P. Mazumder are modified to implement the test procedure. Consequently, these reduce the number of transistors used for a BIST circuit. Also, we present algorithm properties such as the capability to detect stuck-at faults, transition faults, conventional pattern-sensitive faults, and neighborhood bit-line sensitive faults.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.35-48
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• 1993

The in vitro predictive tests in cancer chemotherapy of cancer cell lines to anticancer drugs were determined using novel dye exclusion assay [NDEA], [3H] thymidine incorporation, and clonogenic assay [CA>. Antitumor effect of Bleomycin, Cis-platin, Vinblastine, Methotrexate to HEp-2, B16 cell lines using rapid assays was compared with [CA> in this study. In dye exclusion assay of B l6 cell line, cancer cells were sensitive to Bleomycin at all concentrations, to Vinblastine at the level of peak plasma concentration [PPC], ${\times}1/10$ [PPC](P<0.05). And Bleomycin revealed relatively good cytotoxicity than that of CDDP and vinblastine at ${\times}10$[PPC], (P<0.05). HEp-2 cells were resistive to methotrexate at the level of ${\times}100$[PPC] (P<0.05) In [3H] thymidine incorporation assay, B 16 cells were sensitive to Bleomycin, CDDP, Vinblastine at the level of [PPC], ${\times}10$ [PPC](P<0.01). Dose-dependent drugs of bleomycin, CDDP were more sensitive than Vinblastine at high concentration (P<0.05). In clonogenic assay, HEp-2 cell line was sensitive to three drugs of all concentrations except ${\times}10$ [PPC] of CDDP. B 16 cell line was sensitive to all drugs(P<0,01). In comparison of chemosensitivity tests among three assays, the results were correlated(${\gamma}=0.99$, P<0.05).

• BMB Reports
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.427-432
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• 2003

Jute is the principal coarse fiber for commercial production and use in Bangladesh. Therefore, the development of a high-yielding and environmental-stress tolerant jute variety would be beneficial for the agro economy of Bangladesh. Two molecular fingerprinting techniques, random-amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and amplified-fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) were applied on six jute samples. Two of them were cold-sensitive varieties and the remaining four were cold-tolerant accessions. RAPD and AFLP fingerprints were employed to generate polymorphism between the cold-sensitive varieties and cold-tolerant accessions because of their simplicity, and also because there is no available sequence information on jute. RAPD data were obtained by using 30 arbitrary oligonucleotide primers. Five primers were found to give polymorphism between the varieties that were tested. AFLP fingerprints were generated using 25 combinations of selective-amplification primers. Eight primer combinations gave the best results with 93 polymorphic fragments, and they were able to discriminate the two cold-sensitive and four cold-tolerant jute populations. A cluster analysis, based on the RAPD and AFLP fingerprint data, showed the population-specific grouping of individuals. This information could be useful later in marker-aided selection between the cold-sensitive varieties and cold-tolerant jute accessions.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.33-39
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• 2009

컴퓨터와 개인 휴대 단말장치 사용의 대중화와 함께 이들 장치들을 이용한 개인정보 혹은 사업상 중요 데이터를 처리하고 저장하는 행위도 따라 증가하게 되었다. 따라서 이들 장치로부터 사용자의 허락 없이 중요 데이터가 자신의 장치로부터 빠져나가는 행위가 일어나서는 안 된다. 본 논문에서는 중요 파일과 관련된 파일 오픈 시스템 콜을 호출하는 프로세스를 일정시간 추적하여 네트워킹 인터페이스를 통해 이들 중요 데이터가 빠져 나가는 것을 방지하는 간단한 방법을 제시하였다. 제안된 방법은 기존 인증 혹은 암호화를 이용한 방법과 비교해 해킹 기술 발전과 하드웨어 및 소프트웨어의 새로운 취약점 발견과 무관하게 안정적으로 동작하는 이점이 있다. 특히, 본 논문에서는 리눅스 환경의 사용자와 커널 영역에서 제안된 알고리즘을 직접 구현하여 타당성을 검증하였다.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제14권10호
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• pp.1323-1334
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• 2011

민감한 정보 숨기기 알고리즘은 민감한 정보를 보호하기 위하여 트랜잭션 데이터베이스를 삭제한다. 데이터 변경은 삭제 접근 방법들 중 하나이다. 민감한 정보를 숨기는 이전 연구들은 결과 데이터베이스의 품질을 유지하기 위해 서로 다른 휴리스틱 알고리즘을 적용했다. 그러나 민감한 정보를 숨기는 과정에서 변경되는 항목집합에 대한 영향을 평가하거나 숨겨지는 항목을 감소시키는 연구들은 미흡하였다. 본 논문에서는 민감한 빈발 항목집합을 숨기기 위하여 경계기반의 HSFI(Hiding Sensitive Frequent Itemsets) 알고리즘을 제안한다. 본 알고리즘에서 FP-Tree의 노드 정보는 기존과는 다르게 빈발 항목집합 생성단계에서 트랜잭션 정보와 민감 정보, 경계 정보를 모두 구성하며, 숨기는 과정에서 비민감한 빈발 항목집합의 영향을 줄이기 위하여 경계를 사용하였다. 본 논문의 예시 트랜잭션 데이터베이스에 HSFI를 적용한 결과, 손실 항목을 크게 감소시킴으로써 기존 방법들에 비해 효과적임을 증명하였고, 보다 개선된 데이터베이스의 품질을 유지할 수가 있었다.