• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.16
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• pp.139-159
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• 2005

In many countries the demographics clearly informs us that an aging population represent a serious problem. To this extent senior citizens welfare does matter it has developed into a public debate and genuine concern. it seems that the social issues are focused on how the socity views the social welfare policies. In a modern welfare state where the emphasis lies in pursing a high standard of living and thereby high quality of life. This does not cover the very well the old people in society, but the government clearly carries an obligation to look after and care for the retired & old people in the society. This obligation the social and economic impact that an old person faces as he/she grows old. it is important ensure that their lives carries a meaning and that they as a group will not be estranged from the mainstream of society just because they are considered to be part of the aging population. The key issues that must be addressed are 1) The impact of reduced spending power from less income. a lower income stream; 2) increasing health problems and costs; 3) the natural degradation of ones physical & mental powers; 4) and thereby an isolation from the public in general. So clearly the social policy related to the old people in society should be developed with the consent of what they believe is important to them. To ensure their minimum income level that a beneficiary of an old person's pension will receive, the monthly pension should be reflected by the official price index and be adjusted accordingly. by making the job market open for the senior citizens, expending the mandatory retirement age, give companiesincentives to hire senior citizens, there maybe an opportunity to extend to the aging population the possibility to continue to participate in the society at large.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.63 no.6
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• pp.1355-1361
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• 2021

Digestibility of pet food can affect the health of dog, especially of aged animals. To maintain the health of dogs in an overall good status it is necessary to provide nutritionally balanced food. For example, the digestibility of dogs was known to be decreased along aging. In addition, losing teethes is an often event in aged dogs that could induce a problem to eat a large size dry pet food. Nonetheless, few detailed information is available on the most suited feeding for aged dogs. As part of the nutritional study of food for aged dogs, in this study, we tested whether food type impacts on digestibility on adult versus senior dogs. The methodology to measure the digestibility of nutrients was chosen the index method using chromium oxide. Dogs were fed the same commercial dry or wet diets, which were supplemented with 0.5% chromium oxide. The wet food was prepared by adding twice volume of water in the dry food prior to incubated overnight (14-16 hours) at room temperature. After five days, their feces were collected up to a total weight of > 200 g which was the amount to analyze undigested nutrients in feces as 3 repeats. In the apparent total tract digestibility analysis of the experimental breed, no difference in the digestibility of crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, ash, and energy was observed regarding the moisture content of the food. Noteworthy, the digestibility of nitrogen free extract was significantly increased in senior dogs fed dry dog food compared with adult dogs fed the same diet, whereas no difference was observed between senior and adult dogs fed wet food. The small breed dogs showed similar results to the experimental breed dogs. However, the digestibility of crude fat was additionally affected by age and food type unlike the experimental breed dogs. This finding suggests that the food moisture content affects the digestibility of nutrients in dogs with aging. Hence, it may be helpful to determine the nutrient contents in foods for senior dogs depending on the food type.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.109-119
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• 2006

Objectives: A number of studies in economically developed countries have shown occurrence of stroke and cardiovascular disease to be inversely related to socioeconomic class. The purpose of this study is to investigate socioeconomic differentials in stroke and cardiovascular disease mortality in Korea. Methods: Two data from two sources, registry data from National Health Insurance Corporation and death certification data from National Statistics Office, were used to calculate mortality rate for five socioeconomic classes. Poisson regression analysis was used to calculate relative indices of inequality as a measure of mortality differentials between socioeconomic classes. Results: For males, graded socioeconomic differentials in mortality were observed with higher mortality rates related to lower socioeconomic class for intracerebral hemorrhage, cerebral infarct, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, myocardial infarct, and arrhythmia. The relative index of inequality for stroke and cardiovascular disease was 1.61(95% CI=1.54-1.68). For females, these differentials were observed for arrhythmia and intracerebral hemorrhage. The relative index of inequality was 1.06(95% CI=1.02-1.11). Conclusions: This socioeconomic differential in mortality, consistent with the results of other studies performed in economically developed countries suggest that Socioeconomic class can influence mortality regardless of the developmental stage of the country.

• Journal of rehabilitation welfare engineering & assistive technology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.29-37
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• 2018

In this research, one's ability to perform activities of daily living, body pain, and emotional states of elders who live alone and elders who live with others were compared to investigate which factors affect senior's health state. The data was collected from 88 seniors and analyzed for the comparison. Compared to seniors who live with others, elders who live alone had lower activity of daily livings, stronger body pain, and instability in emotional states. These 3 aspects showed a statistical significance of correlation. As a result of further analysis, not only residential types(living alone or living with others), but also life pattern(indoor or outdoor) is affected on the results. It is expected that the results of this research could be used as basic data for physiological index to evaluate senior's health state and care service for seniors who live alone.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.204-215
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• 2015

Purpose: This descriptive research was conducted to identify educational needs in pediatric nursing handoff training to improve students' handoff skills. Methods: Data were collected using a survey with 188 senior nursing students and 48 pediatric nursing professors and clinical nurses. The survey included items on general information as well as experiences in handoff training, necessity, training content, and items for a handoff training program in pediatric nursing. Results: Of the nursing students, 30.5% reported receiving handoff training during their clinical hours. After their handoff training, the students' confidence index was only 3.78 out of 10. Significantly, 98.3% of the respondents said that pediatric handoff training is necessary. In addition, participants reported that simulation practice (26.5%) is an appropriate educational method, and the time required for handoff training should be 8.16 hrs. Admission process was placed first as the most critical circumstance for handoff (56.8%). High demands were observed for the necessity of training content for patients with respiratory problems. Conclusion: The results of this study show the various educational needs for developing a patient safety pediatric handoff training program to promote nursing students' skills in handoff.

• The Journal of Korean society of community based occupational therapy
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.23-31
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• 2018

Objective : Purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of depression and self - efficacy on the quality of life of the elderly hospitalized in a nursing hospital and to suggest a new direction for improving the quality of life of the elderly. Methods : The target was 212 senior citizens who were hospitalized at a nursing hospital located in K city in North Gyeongsang Province. The questionnaire was structured by adding the characteristics of the subjects, the Korean Senior Depression Index (GDS-K), the Self-effective Index (WHQOL-BRFA), and the World Health Organization's Life-Enhanced scale. coded using SPSS ver.18, the depression, self-efficiency, and quality of life differences according to the general characteristics (t-test, ANOVA), and Self-efficacy, depression, and the correlation coefficient between quality of life and A multI-sentence analysis to see the impact of depression and self-efficacy on the quality of life. Results : Self - efficacy and depression according to subject characteristics were different according to length of stay, and quality of life was different in religion. The correlation between depression, self - efficacy, and quality of life of admitted elderly showed statistically significant negative correlation (p <.01) with depression in both the quality of life and self - efficacy sub - variables. The depression and the self - efficacy of the elderly had the greatest effect on the quality of life. The variables were depression (${\beta}=-.328$), social efficacy (${\beta}=.248$), and physical efficacy (${\beta}=.193$). Conclusion : In order to improve the quality of life of the elderly, it will be necessary to provide and develop medical care services that reduce depression and improve self - efficacy (physical and social).

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.712-720
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to examine whether any correlation exists between the dental health capacity and preferred foods of Korean senior citizens over the age of 65 years. The 5th Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey were used. Tissue health index (T-health), Sound teeth (ST), Functioning teeth index (FS-T), Present teeth (PT), and Missing teeth (MT) were used as variables to assess the dental health capacity of the elderly. Preferred foods of the elderly included 63 foods that were categorized as cereals, pulses and roots, meat and poultry, fish, vegetables, sea algae, fruits, milk and dairy products, cream and sugar, and other foods. For data analysis, the weighted average was taken into consideration to generate planning files, and then complex sample analysis were conducted. For statistical analysis, frequency analysis, t-test, one-way ANOVA, and compound specimen linear regression analysis were conducted. T-health score was significantly high in the group with high preference for cereals, fruits, and other foods. In terms of age and economic status, 65~69 years, 70~74 years, and mid to low range in the income ranges scored high in T-health. ST score was significant in the group that preferred cereals, other foods; the corresponding demographic profiles represent 65~69 years, 70~74 years, and the mid-range income communities. FS-T was significant in relation with a preference for fruits, creams and sugars, other foods; the scores were also high for 65~69 years, 70~74 years, and mid-low to low income groups. PT and MT were significant in the group that preferred cereals and fruits; the same applied for 65~69 years, 70~74 years, and mid-low to low income individuals (p<0.05). Food preferences seemed to vary depending on the dental health state of the elderly, and the dental health state of the elderly may act as a risk factor for nutritional imbalance.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.19-27
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• 2016

This study typified the rural centers with myeon locations in Hwasun-gun which showed comprehensive and various class types through settlement class structure analysis. It is also for establishing the awareness of strengthening functions and facilities of the centers and the directions of strengthening it. Subjects of the study could be classified into three types including base type (Neungju-myeon), general type (Nam-myeon) and decline type (Dongbok-myeon) through the analysis of settlement class structure. Neungju-myeon location as the base type could function as the myeon location by itself and tended to serve education, health and welfare functions through the strengthening of central living functions. Nam-myeon location as the general type required sports facilities management based on the vicinity and accessibility to the senior's welfare functions. Dongbok-myeon location as the decline type required the accessibility to public health facilities and the security of vicinity to the facilities because of its high population of the aged.

• Journal of KIBIM
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.75-90
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• 2021

A smart home system improves the elderly's quality of life by monitoring and analyzing their movements and health conditions with better health-care and social support services. Therefore, there has been an effort to adopt a smart home system for the independently living elderly. However, to the best of our knowledge, no study has investigated the usability of a smart home system on actual independently living elderly housing in long-term settings. Thus, this study aims to demonstrate the usability of a smart home system on independently living elders in living lab conditions. The BLE smart band and the BLE receiver were chosen for the smart home system to monitor the movement of the participants in their homes as well as to monitor the heart rates, step counts, sleep index. Nine independent living elderly from the senior welfare center in Kimjae participated in this living lab demonstration experiment for ten months. This demonstration experiment confirmed the effectiveness of low-cost and easily adoptable IoT-based BLE sensor sets on independent living elders and discussed the troubles and limitations of the experiment. By grasping the pros and cons of IoT-based BLE sensor sets, this study seeks to improve the accessibility and usability of smart home systems for the elderly population in independent living arrangements.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.37-56
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• 1983

It is well known that smoking habit is hazardous to health, especially for juvenile. The present study on smoking behavior of high school students in Seoul has two major objectives. The first objective is to find out the smoking behavior of high school students in Seoul. Toward this objective, individual's smoking experience has been examined as ever smoking and never smoking. The second objective is to determine the variables associated with their smoking behavior at the individual, family and school environment levels. For the data collection, the survey was carried out for the four high schools in Seoul from September 15 through October 15, 1982. The major findings are summarized as follows: 1. Smoking behavior of the students 1) Out of 1,278 respondents, 30.2% of them were found to be current smokers and 29.3% of them were former smokers. This implies that around 60% of school students in Seoul have experienced smoking. 2) A significant differences in the current smoking rates between two types of the school students were shown as 19.3% for day-time school and 42% for night-time school. 3) In terms of the current smoking behavior, the students who don't live with parents were higher in smoking rate than those of the living with parents. 2. Attitudes and knowledge about smoking 1) Attitudes of students toward smoking in high school days were shown that around 17% of them agreed with it and around 64% of them disagreed with it. 2) Around 99% of the respondents answered that their smoking is harmful for health. A source of the information about negative effects of smoking on health was 'Radio and TV' (23.9%) as the most influential, 'school teacher' (20.9%), 'Newspaper' (18.2%) and so on. 3. Behavioral analysis for the current smokers 1) The factors affected for motivation in the first smoking were 'curiosity' (59.7%), 'temptation of friend' (19.7%), 'resistance feeling, (7.1%), 'merely interest and pleasure' (6%) respectively. 2) The time of the first smoking was 'third grade of Junior-high school' (31.5%) as highest, 'first grade of Senior-high school' (23.7%) and 'second grade of Junior-high school' (14.7%). 3) An average daily number of cigarettes consuming of current smokers was seven cigarettes. 4. Family and school-mates influences on individual's smoking behavior 1) The data revealed a significant relationship between student's smoking and their parent's smoking behavior. Around 75% of the students whom both parents are smoking have experienced cigarette smoking. It was found that the individual's smoking behavior was influenced by his sibling. Around 65% of the students whom brothers are smoking have experienced cigarette smoking. 2) The 'Smoking-Index' of friendship network or a group explained individual's smoking behavior in the group. The result of dyad analysis of smoking behavior in the friendship network showed that a high score of 'Smoking-Index' tended to be explained an adoption of smoking behavior at the individual level in the group. on the other hand, a low score of 'Smoking-Index' explained non-smoking behavior in the group.