• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.286-298
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• 1997

This study was aimed at examining the pattern of dietary fat intake of 120 university female students living in Kongju city in order to provide baseic data for establishing the dietary grideline of desirable fat intake. The subjects were divided into three groups according to living arrangenment ; family home(FH), or dormitory(DM), or self-boarding house(SB). Fat consumption of subjects was surveyed by two-day food records, and profiles of fatty acid and cholesterol taken were calculated based upon the data reported their contents of foods. The result was that mean daily fat intake was 42$\pm$2g for FH, 48$\pm$4g for DM and 41$\pm$3g for SB. The calorie intake by fat was 20.8, 21.5, and 20.4% respectively. The ratio of P/M/S was 1.3/1.7/1 for FH, 1.3/1.6/1 for DM and 1, .5/1.5/1 for SB. And the ratio of n-6/n-3 fatty acid was 5.2/1 for FH, 8.3/1 for DM and 7.2/1 for SB. Daily cholesterol intake was 208$\pm$20mg for FH, 223$\pm$29mg for DM and 251$\pm$27mg for SB. In addition, intake of n-3 fatty acid was 1.2$\pm$0.2g for FH, 0.9$\pm$0.1g for DM and 1.2$\pm$0.2g for DB. Considering the food source of fatty acids, saturated fatty acid and monounsaturated fatty acid were taken primarily from animal foods, especially milk and milk products, and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid was taken from vegetable oils and fats. As a major source of n-3 fatty acid, linolenic acid was obtained through vegetable oils and fats, and eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid were provided by fishes and their products. There patterns of fatty acid intakes did not differ according to living arrangement. The above results showed that intakes of fat and cholesterol, and ratios of P/M/S and n-6/n-3 fatty acid were overall desirable in all groups. However, intake of n-3 fatty acid was low in all groups. Therefore, consumption of perilla oil, legumes and fishes as a source of n-3 fatty acid should be increased by substituting other food source which provide fats and oils because calorie intake by fat was enough in these subject.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.63-71
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• 2017

본 연구는 최근 아름다운 죽음에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있는 시점을 맞추어 간호 대학생의 죽음인식, 웰다잉과 임종간호태도를 파악하고, 임종간호태도에 미치는 영향요인을 규명하고자 시도하였다. 대상자는 S시에 소재한 대학교에 재학 중인 간호 대학생 319명을 대상으로 설문조사하였고, 수집된 자료는 SPSS 18.0 프로그램을 이용하여 t-test와 ANOVA, Person's correlation coefficients, multiple stepwise regression으로 분석하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 간호 대학생의 임종간호태도 정도는 호스피스 교육경험(F=2.53, p=.012), 가까운 주변 지인의 죽음경험(F=3.37, p=.001), 주관적 건강상태(F=5.37, p=.005)에 따라서 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다. 죽음인식은 웰다잉과(r=.23, p<.001), 웰다잉은 임종간호태도(r=.22, p<.001)와 유의한 정적 상관관계가 있었으며, 임종간호태도에 영향을 미치는 요인은 웰다잉(${\beta}=.19$), 가까운 주변 지인의 죽음경험(${\beta}=.16$)이었다. 따라서 양질의 임종간호태도를 유지하기 위하여 미래의 간호사인 간호 대학생의 죽음에 대한 긍정적인 사고와 태도가 중요함으로 웰다잉과 죽음인식을 향상시키는 다양한 중재프로그램 개발과 체계적인 교육이 필요하다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권18호
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• pp.8107-8112
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• 2016

Background and Aims: Colorectal cancer is the second most frequent cancer in Malaysia. We aimed to assess the validity and reliability of the Malaysian Chinese version of European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality of Life Questionnaire core (QLQ-C30) in patients with colorectal cancer. Materials and Methods: Translated versions of the QLQ-C30 were obtained from the EORTC. A cross sectional study design was used to obtain data from patients receiving treatment at two teaching hospitals in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The Malaysian Chinese version of QLQ-C30 was self-administered in 96 patients while the Karnofsky Performance Scales (KPS) was generated by attending surgeons. Statistical analysis included reliability, convergent, discriminate validity, and known-groups comparisons. Statistical significance was based on p value ${\leq}0.05$. Results: The internal consistencies of the Malaysian Chinese version were acceptable [Cronbach's alpha (${\alpha}{\geq}0.70$)] in the global health status/overall quality of life (GHS/QOL), functioning scales except cognitive scale (${\alpha}{\leq}0.32$) in all levels of analysis, and social/family functioning scale (${\alpha}=0.63$) in patients without a stoma. All questionnaire items fulfilled the criteria for convergent and discriminant validity except question number 5, with correlation with role (r = 0.62) and social/family (r = 0.41) functioning higher than with physical functioning scales (r = 0.34). The test-retest coefficients in the GHS/QOL, functioning scales and in most of the symptoms scales were moderate to high (r = 0.58 to 1.00). Patients with a stoma reported statistically significant lower physical functioning (p=0.015), social/family functioning (p=0.013), and higher constipation (p=0.010) and financial difficulty (p=0.037) compared to patients without stoma. There was no significant difference between patients with high and low KPS scores. Conclusions: Malaysian Chinese version of the QLQ-C30 is a valid and reliable measure of HRQOL in patients with colorectal cancer.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.491-500
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• 2014

본 연구는 간호사의 자율성, 유능감, 관계성의 기본심리욕구 만족이 소진에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위한 상관성 조사연구이다. 연구대상자는 2013년 10월 25일부터 11월 25일까지 6개 종합병원의 160명의 간호사를 대상으로 편의표집하였으며, 자료 수집방법은 자가 보고 설문지법을 사용하였다. 자료 분석은 SPSS/WIN 18.0프로그램을 이용하여 t-test와 분산분석, 상관분석, 다중회귀분석의 방법을 이용하였다. 연구결과 소진은 일반적 특성 중 연령, 결혼유무, 종교, 교육정도, 근무부서, 경력과 유의미한 차이를 보였으며. 소진과 기본심리욕구(r=-.59, P<.001)의 하위 변수인 자율성(r=-.45, P<.001), 유능감(r=-.52, P<.001), 관계성(r=-.49, P<.001)은 부적 상관관계를 보였다. 또한 간호사의 소진에 대하여 자율성(${\beta}=-.26$), 유능감(${\beta}=-.30$), 관계성(${\beta}=-.12$), 연령(${\beta}=-.17$), 경력(${\beta}=.09$)은 34.3%의 설명력을 보였다. 결론적으로 본 연구에서 간호사의 소진을 감소시키는 요인으로 기본심리욕구의 하위변수인 자율성, 유능감, 관계성이 확인되었다. 그러므로 간호사의 자율성, 유능감, 관계성을 높이기 위한 프로그램 개발이 요구된다.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제18권11호
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• pp.559-569
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• 2020

본 연구는 요양병원 요양보호사의 작업환경, 심리적 업무요구, 피로도, 근골격계 증상의 관계를 파악하고 근골격계 증상에 미치는 영향요인을 규명하기 위해 시도되었다. 연구방법은 S시에 소재한 3곳의 요양병원에 근무하는 요양보호사 128명을 대상으로 2020년 4~5월까지 설문 조사하였다. 연구결과 요양병원 요양보호사의 근골격계 증상은 어깨, 손/손목/손가락, 허리 세 부분에 대한 증상발생빈도, 증상지속기간, 통증의 강도를 합한 값으로 42점 만점에 평균 11.41±9.50점으로 나타났다. 요양병원 요양보호사의 근골격계 증상에 미치는 영향요인을 규명하기 위해 회귀분석을 실시한 결과 근무병동(β=.18, p=.034)과 심리적 업무요구(β=.21, p=.013), 피로도(β=.25, p=.003)가 근골격계 증상에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 이들 3개 변수는 근골격계 증상에 대하여 21.6%의 설명력을 보였다(F=6.87, p<.001). 본 연구결과를 바탕으로 요양병원 요양보호사들의 근골격계 증상을 감소시키기 위해서는 담당하는 환자의 중증도를 고려하여 심리적 업무요구와 피로도를 줄일 수 있는 중재프로그램 개발 및 적용이 필요하다.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.310-316
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• 2016

스트레스, 구강건강, 구강건강관련 삶의 질 연관성 분석을 위해 2016년 6월 2주 동안 D지역 대학생 452명을 대상으로 조사한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 스트레스는 여학생이 남학생보다 높게 조사되었고(p<0.05), 스트레스 상위군이 하위군보다 구강건조증, 구취, TMJ 통증 인식이 높게 조사되었으며(p<0.05), 스트레스 상위군이 하위군보다 OIDP에 부정적 영향을 경험하는 것으로 조사되었다(p<0.05). 스트레스와 구강건강, OIDP 상관관계 분석결과 스트레스는 구강건조증, 구취, TMJ 통증과 통계적으로 유의한 양의 상관관계가 있었고, OIDP는 구강건조증, 구취, TMJ 통증, 스트레스와 통계적으로 유의한 양의 상관관계가 있었다. 이와 같이 스트레스는 구강건강, 구강건강관련 삶의 질에 부정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 조사되었다. 그러므로 대학생들의 스트레스 대처능력과 자가구강관리능력을 향상시켜 심신이 건강한 사회인으로 성장할 수 있도록 교육이 이루어져야 할 것이다.

• 모자간호학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.45-54
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• 1992

The purpose of this study was to explore the stressors in pediatric intensive care unit and impaired psychological responses of children after open heart surgery. Sixteen children aged 6 to 11, who were admitted to the hospital for open heart surgery during the period from July, 1991 to February, 1992 were the subjects of the study. Observations, drawings, and interviews were used to collect data for study. Behavioral responses about intensive care unit phenomena were analyzed according to the 4 categories identified to assess children's perceived stressors in ICU. Impaired psychological responses were examined using observational and interview data. Drawings were analyzed by content and color by this researcher and validated by the psychologist. The findings were as follows : 1. The most frequently perceived stressors by children in ICU were the physical stressors causing pain and discomfort(68.5%). It was followed by social stressors which denote disruption of relationship with family and friends(13.0% ), environmental stressors which denote unfamiliar surroundings, noise, staff, and other patients (11.2%), and psychological stressors which denote factors affecting self-esteem such as inability to communicate and inadquate knowledge of the situation (7.3%). 2. 81.3% of the children showed of least one of the impaired psychological responses. Three children (18.8%) experienced time disorientation. An equal number of subject experienced perceptual illusion. Two children(12.5%) experienced hallucination. Vivid dream about ICU phenomena was reported by 2 children. Seven children(43.8%) were identified as having exaggerated fear. They feared about oxygen mask and ICU environment in general. Seven children(43.8%) experienced impairment of memory about treatments, procedures, and environment of ICU. 3. The analysis of children's drawing revealed that 56.3% of children experienced fear in the ICU. 75% of children included nurses in the drawings and 62.5% of children drew other children. 81.3% of children drew and identified himself in the drawing. The colors used most by children were green, purple, and brown. From this result, it is recommended to prepare children before open heart surgery to reduce their stressors and impaired psychological responses in ICU.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.539-547
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• 2005

Purpose: To examine an estimate factor and grasp the relation of difference for Type A Behavior Pattern(TABP), Perceived Stress Questionnaire, Depression and HIT-6 in the Chronic headache client. Method: Data collected by self-reported questionnaires from 38 client in S city who were selected by criteria of IHS, from the $19^{th}$ of October to 10th of December, 2004. Result: 1) Differences between biographical data by TABP was significant by SaSang constitutions, by Stress was significantly influenced by age, and by Depression were significantly influenced health status and SaSang constitutions. 2) Correlations Coefficients among Study Variables were Stress and Depression(r=.494, p=.002) and Depression and HIT-6(r=.432, p=.010). 3) In regression analysis, HIT-6 were significantly influenced by Depression and Type A Behavior Pattern(TABP).These variables explained 38% and 34% respectively. Conclusion: The result suggest that chronic headache management with psychological aspect, as well as physical aspect should be a focus to enhance the quality of life.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.209-222
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• 2001

The environment in the ICU leads to negative changes in a patient's usual sleep pattern and so contributes negatively to the patient's health condition as compared to patients in general wards. Therefore, it is thought that an important nursing intervention would be to identify the relation between noise and sleep patterns which play an important role in illness recovery. The purpose of the present study was to explore the relationship between noise in the ICU and the sleep pattern of patients admitted to the ICU. A descriptive correlation design was used to examine the relationship. Thirty-four subjects were recruited from a Medical ICU (MICU), Surgical ICU (SICU) and Coronary Care Unit (CCU) at a large university hospital in Suwon. Data were collected from September 28 to October 31 in 1999. In the present study, noise was categorized into noise level and patients' perception of noise. The objective noise level was measured using the A-Weighted Sound Level Meter. The patients' preception of noise was measured using a self-reported questionnaire developed by the researcher. Sleep patterns in this study includes both quantity and quality of sleep. These were measured using open ended questionnaires and the 'Korean Sleep Scale A' developed by Oh, Song, Kim(1998). The data was analyzed using the SPSS-WIN to test the research question, Pearson product moment correlation coefficient was run. Ancillary analysis were conducted with demographic variables to determine their relation to the main study variables. For the ancillary analysis, t-test and one-way ANOVAs were performed. The results of the present study are summerized as follows : 1. The total mean of objective noise level (10pm-6am) was 56.2dB. The means for night time noise level in individual ICUs for the SICU, MICU and CCU, were 58.7dB, 58.6dB and 48.3dB, respectively. The total mean for patients' noise perception was 42.8 out of a maximum possible score of 76. For item means of noise perception, the one ranked highest was "conversations between doctors and nurses" (3.2). The one ranked lowest was "noise from the radio" (1.2). Regarding the degree of perception for each type of noise source, the one ranked highest was "equipment noise" (2.6), the second was "conversation between medical staff" (2.4), the third was "conversation between patients, caregivers and visitors" (2.3), and the one ranked lowest was "environment noise" (1.8). 2. Looking at quantity of sleep of ICU patients, the mean nocturnal sleep time was found to be 4.9 hours. The total mean of sleep quality for ICU patients was 21.0 out of a maximum possible score of 40. 3. The relationship between perception of noise and quantity of sleep was statistically significant(r= - .41, p<.05). The relationship between perception of noise and quality of sleep was also statistically significant(r= - .47, p<.01). The results of the study indicate that personal perception of noise is related to sleep patterns. Therefore, it is suggested that nursing interventions be developed to reduce the degree of personal perception of noise and, thus, decrease sleep pattern disturbances in patients in the ICU.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.603-609
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• 2003

This study examined the reproducibility of nutrient intakes estimated by the 24-hour recall method in a prospective cohort study (Longitudinal study of aging and health monitoring of Korean elderly) of middle-aged volunteer subjects (42 males and 49 females) in the Seoul area. The three-day 24-hour recall was administered twice at an interval of approximately 6 months. The first data were collected and a corrective procedure was performed by interviewing of the subjects and a trained dietitian. The second data were collected by mail from the subjects without the performance of any corrective procedure. The mean age of the subjects was 53.5 $\pm$ 9.6 for the males and 52.2 $\pm$ 8.9 for the females. The subjects who had above college education were 95% in the case of the males and 60% in the case of the females. The characteristics of the male subjects in this study were that they were highly educated and held professional jobs and were from the middle or upper class. Comparing the first and second 24-hour recall data, the second data showed relatively lower intakes of all nutrients, except vitamin A, vitamin Bi and cholesterol. There was no difference in the nutrients of the first and the second data with respect to vitamin A, vitamin B$_1$ and cholesterol in the males and calcium, iron, sodium, vitamin A, vitamin B$_1$, vitamin B$_2$ and cholesterol in the females. This data may indicate that the 24 hour retail method without a dietitian's help may result in lower reporting of the subject's intakes. The men had a tendency to remember less than the women. Pearson's correlation coefficients with unadjusted nutrient intakes values were ranged from 0.24 to 0.66. When energy intake was adjusted, there was a slight increase (from 0.26 to 0.71). Intra-class correlation coefficients with nutrient-unadjusted values ranged from 0.22 to 0.66, and the energy-adjusted values were ranged from 0.23 to 0.69. The weighted Kappa statistical values ranged from 0.10 to 0.40. On the average,46.3% of the subjects who were found in the lowest quartile of the nutrient intake levels based on the first 24-hour recall, were in the lowest quartile based on the second 24-hour recall. Therefore, there was a low reproducibility between the first and the second 24-hour recall. We should examine the factors influencing low reproducibility. Also, strategies should be developed to maximize the reliability of the assessment, with regard to portion-size training and telephone validation. (Korean J Community Nutrition 8(4) : 603∼609, 2003)